Transport development. Prospects for the development of the transport system of Russia
Socio-economical establishment, like borrowing vehicles from the transport structure of Russia, signifies its priority and unparalleled superiority from a glance of high-tech services, the main characteristics of which are: flexibility, mobility, reliability, terminology, savings of services, var. Transport, including international automobile transportation, plays a key role in the social and economic development of the Russian Federation. Yakscho in 2004 If the road transport in the middle of the country has been reduced more than 2 times, then the international transportation has been more and less 10 times and become more than 18 million tons.
In addition, the exchange of foreign trade vantazhiv with the lands of distant abroad increased from 1.5 million tons to 13.45 million tons. Until 2008. Part of road transport is predicted at a rate of 15 - 20% of the total cost of air transportation, with an increase in international road transport links, the remaining fates will be 12 - 15% broadly.
Ninі Russia registered 4 ths. transport workers, hired on a permanent basis for international transportation, of which over half are occupied by extravagant transportation. ASMAP members - 1200 admissions and 1100 admission to the TIR system (TIR). These businesses have 15 thousand. auto trains, attached to the substitution of the TIR system. The territory of Russia is divided unevenly.
Two federal districts - Central and Pivnichno-Zahidniy - are transported for obligatory transportation, so they borrow space from the western trade region, and provide about 80% of the total charge of international trade transportation.
The structure of the ovn_shnyotragovelny vantage car vantageobigu outside the other countries, the rest of the rock is stable.
The European Union is the largest trade partner of Russia, with a share of 35%. This value is ensured mainly by the income from Finland and Germany (in the EU, over 90% of all export transportation by road and 70% of import transportation falls in this part). Automotive transport will secure 20% of all foreign trade in the Russian Federation from the countries of the CIS.
Russia and Finland account for the largest share of imports (61% of foreign imports). Pitoma vaga import from Russia and other countries, Crimea to China (8%), selected from 4.5%. Basically, imports are carried to Moscow and St. Petersburg (they are usually 39 and 11%). On the third city of Kaliningrad region. Parts of other subjects of the Russian Federation do not exceed 7% in total.
Most of the Russian goods are exported from Karelia (38%) and the Leningrad region. (17%). From these regions it is important to transport wood to Finland. All at once, from paper, the share of timber products in exports to become close to 65%.
Instructed by the dynamic development of road transport to promote the integration of the country's economy in the world's economic space, prioritize the development of international road transport and the market of international road transport services. Part of the transportation by road near the vartost transported by all modes of transport is close to the third. Significantly, the average cost of transporting foreign trade goods by road is about $1,500 ($130 for rail and $190 for sea transport).
Have 2005 r. The market for international transportation of goods by road transport in Russia increased to 19.2 million tons. Under this circumstance, the transportation, carried out by Russian transport workers, increased from 5.6 million tons to 6.4 million tons. transported 5.2 million tons (2004 - 4.4 million tons).
Domestic motor vehicles transported 55.2% of the vantazhіv, but also the transportation of foreigners increased by 14.3%, while the transportation of foreigners increased by 18.2%.
Experts vvazhayut that through the import of motor transport services in 2005. Russia has spent over $500 million. The main reason for the great import of motor transport services is a 20% tax rate for the additional delivery of goods, which stagnates by extension to Russian auto carriers, but does not expand to foreigners, which drastically reduces the competitiveness of Russians.
In addition, they spent nearly $60 million on the cordons. Along the perimeter of the sovereign cordon of Russia, there are over 160 automobile checkpoints from the transport inspection services of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation. Prote through neobshtovanist tsikh points and vіdsutnіst nelezhnіst ї coordinatії work prikordonnih chіdіvі simple ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї її ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї ї sіmіmі mії і. It is important that Russian auto carriers spend up to $20 per year on downtime.
We are streaming the development of domestic international motor transport and those that over 60% of the Russian fleet do not comply with the minimum environmental standards Euro-1 and their operation in Europe is fenced. They give less than 23% of cars, 15% give Euro-2, and mostly Euro-3 - less than 1%. In addition, the catastrophic oldness of a dry warehouse leads to a drop in the profitability of transportation, an increase in costs for repairs and maintenance, the cost of safety guarantees, the possibility of damage to delivery terms, and a decrease in the quality of service and, consequently, a decrease in the competitiveness of transport.
It is significant that the Russian industry practically does not create a dry warehouse for international transportation, which supports the European powers. That's why transport vehicles are purchased from foreign manufacturers: Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, Scania, IVECO, MAN, DAF and others.
In the rest of the hour, the group went low to protect the economic interests of Russian international motor transport. Zokrema, from 2002 It was approved for the import of important road trains of the Euro-3 class and the promising Euro-4, which are not available in Russia. The Ministry of Transport sent to the order of the Russian Federation a proposition about introducing norms to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation on the stosuvanya of the tax rate at “zero tax” when importing and importing Russian foreign commercial investments.
The most important official, facilitating the development of international road transport, is the geopolitical camp of Russia between two world economic centers - Europe and Asia. Russia, which occupies over 30% of the territory of the Eurasian continent, and may have a highly developed transport system, objectively has a natural bridge, which ensures transit links to this direct route. For the time being, Russia's poignant transit potential is weak. Therefore, one of the promising directions for the development of the Russian economy is becoming a fully developed transport system of the country and the implementation of an exhaustive transit potential for securing Euro-Asian communications. It will be a significant contribution to the improvement of Russia's GDP, an increase in the increase in transport robots and a multiplicative effect in other recesses of the economy. Transit rent (income of the national transport system from transit transportation of passengers and vantazhiv) is becoming an important item of currency exchange rates.
The main vastazhopotoki of calls of the same transit, the transportation is to be concentrated on the axes of Zakhid - SCID I PIVNICH - PIVENE TO Zbiga, the head of the head of the federal, in the district of the jales of the Jimini, is 80% of the federal potato, Up to 76% of international transport routes are direct by Russian roads, which enter the warehouse of international transport corridors, and also mark a part of transit routes.
International transport corridors, which pass through the territory of Russia (in 72 subjects of the Russian Federation), serve not only domestic and interregional transportation, but also continental transportation between the countries of Europe and Asia. It is clear that the development of international transport corridors is in line with the foreign and domestic economic interests of Russia. Three out of ten trans-European transport corridors pass through the territory of Russia.
Крім того, через територію Росії проходять основні євроазіатські коридори «Північ-Південь» та «Транссиб» у рамках системи євроазіатських коридорів, зафіксованих у Декларації 2-ї Міжнародної євроазіатської конференції з транспорту, а також низку додаткових маршрутів, що розширюють зони дії коридорів та підвищують x. efficiency in the wake of the increased confusion of international communications.
Visnovok: By itself, the geographic station of the country is impossible to ensure the growth of transit traffic. The development of transit is accompanied by an increase in the capacity of transport services: savings on expenses, shortening the hour of delivery, reducing costs for transportation, etc.
The central part of the European territory of Russia on the edge of the most important transport highways of the country, 400 km per day from Moscow. The Lipetsk region is between the Voronez, Kursk, Oryol, Tulsk, Ryazan, and Tambov regions.
The region may have a transport infrastructure. The territory is crossed by three trans-shipment highways that will connect Moscow with the industrial centers of Russian production - Voronezh, Rostov, Pivnichniy Kavkaz and the Donbass, the Volga region, as well as from the backwaters: Orel, Bryansk, Smolensk. The largest hub station is Yelets ta Gryazi. The total length of the railing line is over 800 km. The main obsjag vantagenyh and passenger transportation po'yazaniy іz PZZ.
The development of the transport infrastructure of Moscow is important for the direct modernization of the Moscow region, and all of Russia. Historically, it has evolved that the passenger and vantage flows of the Ukrainian country itself pass through Moscow. For example, the Moscow Ring Road is not so common as a route, as it is the only possible transit route through Moscow. The mayor of Moscow, Sergiy Sobyanin, having designated the main objectives of the effective integration of various types of transport: further development of motorway routes and the increase in throughput capacity, in addition to the existence of new highway pipelines, moreover, on warehouses.
Sovereign body, which is responsible for the development of the transport infrastructure, is the Department of Transport and the development of the road and transport infrastructure of Moscow.
The main problem to the opinion of the Department of Transportation, – tse stotne perevishchennya spromozhnosti when traveling to the city center during early peak hours.
For 2011, for the tribute to the Department of Transport, the transfer of the transport capacity from 8 to 9 wounds became:
Vehicle specifics: 42%
Metro: 21%
· Primisky transshipment transport: 40%
· Land transport: no transportation capacity
At once, the transportation capacity of individual and social transport was 23%. Thus, the transportation of the transport infrastructure in the early rush hour leads to a significant decrease in the comfort of the citizens. With all the interest in land-based public transport, the buildings were lower by 33%, which increased the possibility of more active recruitment for solving the transport problems of the city.
Three main direct improvement of the transport situation:
1. Speedy recovery of special vehicles when traveling during early peak hours until 2025 by 33%. Tse meant that approximately 50 yew. avtomobіlіstіv for a year may be quickened by public transport.
2. Expanding the capacity of public transport (until 2025) by 41%.
3. Increased maintenance of public transport services. Speeding up the average hour in public transport until 2025 by 25% (from 67 to 50 hours)
To improve the transport situation, the development of the transport development program for 2012 - 2016 was developed.
Main tasks of the program:
Short time for a trip to the Moscow passenger transport during the "peak" year
· Improvement of the carrying capacity of the Russian passenger transport
Improving the level of service and comfort of the passenger transport, including for low-mobility groups of the population
Improvement of the space of the street and road barriers and the provision of timely repairs and regulatory damages
· Creation of modern control systems and regulation of transport traffic
· Budіvnitstvo and rozm_shchennya pіshohіdnih transitions, given їх at vіdpovіdnіst іz vstanovlennymi norms
Within the framework of the program for the development of transport, there are 11 subprograms:
1. Metropolitan. Targets for 2016: less than 406 km of lines; 38 new stations; 85% of the population is provided with subway; more than 1000 metro cars of the new generation; the navigation system has been updated.
2. Vantage transport. The goal is to reduce the traffic on the street-road lane from the side of the vanage transport. The number of vintage car fleet, which works in the area, will decrease by 20%.
3. Land-based passenger transport. Targets for 2016: average intervals during the early-rush hour of 5-7 minutes; high accuracy of layout; promotion of service quality; over 70% of the dry warehouse - new low cost trolleybuses, buses, trams; 240 km of seeing swarms.
4. Bus stations and transport interchanges. Until 2016, it is planned to complete the work on all flat transfer hubs and on large capital ones. An hour for a transfer between modes of transport at all Moscow transfer hubs is not over 10 hours.
5. Intelligent transport system. Meta - improving the efficiency of traffic flows, increasing the throughput capacity of the street-road barrier, avoiding car congestion, reducing accidents on the roads. The main effect is that until 2016, the entire territory of the site will be surrounded by an intelligent transport system.
6. Development of new types of transport. Tsіlі: A short time for the arrival of special teams by means of transport to the place of supremacy, ensuring the possibility of benefits from government and commercial purposes; development of cycling transport as a support for business trips. Main effect: Introduction is close to 80 km. bike paths; speeding up the time of the arrival of the ryatuvalnyh teams by 50%.
7. Creation of a single parking space. Meta - organization of a regulated parking space to increase the traffic capacity of the street and road barriers and reduce the number of trips by special motor transport to the central part of the city. The main effect is that until 2016, the number of incorrectly parked cars near the city center will become clear again.
8. Automobile roads and street roads. Tsіlі: increase in throughput capacity and connection of street and road barriers; zbіlshennya schіlnostі vulichno-road merge; polypshennia as a cost to repair that morning is expensive. The main effect is the increase of the street and road barriers by 8.5%.
9. Internal water transport. Meta - improving the efficiency of functioning and increasing the competitiveness of inland water transport enterprises, distribution on the territory of the city of Moscow. The main effect is the river transportation of goods by water transport, an increase of 85%.
10. Railway transport. Targets for 2016: supply of additional main roads on 6 straight lines; zbіlshennya provіznoї zdatnostі for the peak year by 50%; average interval 3-4 min (at the peak of the year on 5 main routes); 300 new wagons.
11. Pishohidna availability of objects of infrastructure. The meta is a creation of quick, short-lived links between the objects of the Russian infrastructure (socio-cultural, industrial, trade recognition). The main effect is the life of 38 km of walking paths, the improvement of the central part of the city.
#moscow #transport #traffic
It may look amazing, but in its entire history, mankind has experienced only three models of transport development. More than ever before the sixteenth century, and today they are classified as mobility 1.0. Mobility 2.0 is the period of vindication of the turbulent development of public transport. In the era of mobility 3.0 light zanurov Henry Ford. It seemed that this model would be eternal, but the scarlet was gone. Through car traffic jams, which in that period covered all the megacities of the world, the volodinny with a powerful car ceased to be the greatest manifestation of the transport freedom of the people. Today's light will require a new, more efficient model of human mobility – mobility 4.0.
- Axis mi їdemo with you, we move on autopilot.
- I thought, you just took the hands from the kerma.
- Ni. We are on autopilot. I cleaned my legs.
- You don't press the pedals exactly.
If the water at the schіlny mіskom pototsі so throws the keruvannya by the machine, then it’s wondrous. And from the passenger seat, navit motoroshno. Andriy, it seems that everyone is unknown. On cars with the function of autopilot in Moscow, driving more rock, there were no accidents. If you want to trust the automatics all the same, it’s still not possible, the car must not be turned over.
- Andriy TOVPIK: The axles turned on the autopilot again.
- And vin, before the speech, pay respect to the signals of the light for?
Andriy TOVPIK: The axis is the first version of the lights, honestly. This is a great minus for me, I say to that: the first version of the autopilot of the obov'yazkovo needs the presence of a person, as they still look. V_n to run cars, run cars and buses, motorcyclists. Vіn bachit people to go over. But the people who go over to the new focus in yoga - tse yakes NP, then vin sharply galmuє.
For the one who sooner chimney technologies are supplemented and absolutely all car traffic in Moscow will become unmanned, experts have no doubts, even though it might sound like a little bit for us, zatyah avtomobilistiv.
Sultan Zhankazіv, the head of the department of organizing Ta Bezpeki Ruhu Madі: Usi Model, Shoki Yakby VSI, Squacked Consistrict, thought, however, conflict of the Bula B on Kilka Nizhoi, the invoyance of Dorig Bula Bula Vishtyvo Bula Bula Bula Bula. How do you think so that we were, as it seems, the same and thought the same? It's just that this function needs to be delegated from automation.
In front of the greater megacities of the world, Moscow is experiencing a car mobilization boom. In 2000, less than two million cars were registered in the city. 2010 - three million three hundred thousand. Ninі already need more than chotiri milliononi. And until 2020, according to the forecasts of the Department of Transport, the fleet will increase to 5 million units. Examining the streets and roads of Moscow, you can take at least five hundred thousand cars at once. The life of new roads does not solve the problem, Mikhailo Blinkin explains. For one day, visit the city of the main highway from the Moscow Ring Road, for one car you will get only one square meter of new asphalt. Transferring traffic to autopilot is important, but also not systemic. It is necessary to change the paradigm of the entire transport development of the place.
Mikhailo BLINKIN, director of the Institute of Transport Economics and Transport Policy: There are no two concepts today. Today's measures, be it a great place - on the other side of the ocean, on that one, and even in Asia especially, in Tokyo, I'll tell you, I'll tell you one and the same: I won't invite my hulks to ride on a huge transport and stay a mile, Last mile, go pishki - the place is not alive.
The concept of education is called Mobility 4.0. Її the essence is in the obmezhenny special transportation from the city to the cost of the passengers. On the one hand, paid parking, and here and paid travel, on the other hand - new shvidkіsnі system of public transport, koristuvatisya like they can be more efficient, lower by car. The transition to a new model of the development of the capital's transport complex has sprung up more than six years, because of the record pace of the development of the metro and the renovation of the dry warehouse, the introduction of smog on highways, the launch of a passenger traffic on the Moscow Central Circle. The effect of work is already remembered.
Maksim LIKSUTOV, clerk at the Department of Transport of Moscow: I want to say that from 2011 to 2016, the number of special transport in Moscow increased by 1 million 300 thousand cars. And with this swidkіst rush in Moscow all the same reduced. Come on, don't go rich, but the trend of a constant thoroughness. Tse reach us for the development of local transport, and metro, and ground transport systems, and visions of smog, for the development of an intelligent transport system, and, of course, for the development of paid parking spaces near the city. This is the sum of such a good positive trend in Moscow.
Implementation of advanced information technologies in the system of urban transport – binding warehouse Mobility 4.0. For the convenience of passengers, the ranks of personal route planners are developed. 220,000 people have already taken advantage of the Moscow Metro, a similar service was launched by Mosmisktrans.
A function is implemented there, as we declared it to be - the “alarm clock” function, if you, knowingly, for example, how far to your nearest tooth, for example, in your donkey, in your apartment, to the grain of land transport, for example, pishki go, let’s say, ten hvilin. Then you can set the alarm clock. І bus online ten hours before arrival at your destination I sent you information about your supplement. And you calmly - do not need to stand on the teeth - calmly straighten to the nearest tooth in the entrance and arrive exactly before one o'clock when the bus arrives. Everything is done in online mode, a large amount of data is processed by us, so that the system works stably. Ale ce already our present strains give strength to tse robiti.
The effectiveness of such solutions can be judged from taxi transportation. More than 80 hundred of usable apartments pass through the addendum-aggregators in Moscow every year. The hour of delivery of the car was shortened from 40 to 7 minutes.
Bogdan KONOSHENKO, Head of the Transport Committee of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Moscow: You can today pour yourself a cup of cavi, drink it, go down from your apartment to the bottom - and you will have to pay a taxi at your place. Before that, like a cup of cavite, you pressed the button on your gadget and called for a taxi.
The role of taxi transfers in the new transport activities of the city has been significantly strengthened. For six years, Moscow had ten thousand legal taxi drivers, and now there are close to thirty-five thousand. Ten years ago, three-chotiri appointments for a day fell on one car, now it’s ten or twelve. At the same time, the average check has fallen in price from about 900 to 500 rubles for a more expensive one. Moscow taxis are no longer available, as if they were prickly, but a povnotsіnny type of public transport.
Bogdan KONOSHENKO: In my opinion, we are slowly growing to the point that the “class of cars” will be erased in the future. The first part of cars - they will be inexpensive and simple, but the great number of cars with a perfect set of comfort will be victorious. The number of trips will grow steadily, well, accept, in my mind, the nearest fates - two or three fates, I didn’t want to bi, sing-songly, look in, - the middle of their time will be slowly still every hour, maybe, decrease.
Mobility 4.0 gives rise to new forms of human transportation - cooperative. Behind the dynamics of the development of carsharing - the service of renting cars shokhvilin - Moscow is the world's leader today. The city has five companies-operators, their wild park has at least two thousand cars.
Maxim LIKSUTOV: We have been analyzing, how many cars like this are needed in Moscow. Well, as an assessment of the market. Mind you, it's close to ten thousand. So these small enterprises or small organizations, like joking about a particular segment, would be able to build up their knowledge, invest and improve, I also recommend looking at the whole segment. Possibly, here the enterprises of small and medium-sized businesses can find their place in Moscow.
- As far as I’m aware, I need to respectfully look back at the calls, for it’s impossible, at some station, throwing off the front water.
To become a good car sharing, it is enough to register on the website of the operator company, send scanned documents and link your bank card to the system. Igor Morzharetto, an auto expert, was asked to evaluate the quality of such a service.
Igor MORZHARETTO, automotive expert: What a click, wash the key by the fire. І він навіт, similar, gluing. Shchob about all sorts of fluctuations, no one is lying. The car started up with a pivoberta, I wonder - a full tank of gasoline. Otzhe, there are no everyday problems for me.
A car of a budget class - there are more of them in carsharing - a new one, with a run of less than 6 thousand kilometers. The complete set is decent, it means Igor. Automatic transmission, parking sensors and other electronic helpers.
Igor MORZHARETTO: Well, as far as I know, the idea of a car, so that if you were a person with a minimum knowledge, if you were at the city, you could take it, you could take it. There is nothing foldable here, so the axis of the panel is simple, like my life.
The Moscow car sharing system has already registered five hundred thousand people. On the cob of this rock, over 750 thousand trips were made. One car is rented from an average person for a day. Is our expert ready to move in his car for the sake of carsharing for trial trip bags?
Igor MORZHARETTO: A short line of zrada is not a zrada, but it is necessary for our life. To that it’s smart sometimes to drive in your own car, because traffic jams are so expensive, it’s hard to park here. And qiu can be parked much easier.
Mikhailo BLINKIN: All these schemes are the same as Ford's traditional mobility, it is insured for those who sleep and spend the night with me, but for the cooperative form of car mobility. It seems like a hurricane, and no one else believes twenty years ago. Ninіtse vіdbuvaєtsya hurricane pace. If you still marvel at purely innovative novelties, then as soon as you have a smaller car, appointments for collective corystuvannya, we take away the function of auto-driving ... For example, I know it here, on Slovyansky Square, but you need to go a second kilometer. I pressed the button - I arrived myself. As for me, car sharing only removes the function "Up to my feet, doggy" - well, I started to get greedier than satisfied.
When do you want to get drunk? Experts of the Moscow Road Institute to talk about 2040-2050. Until this hour, all technological developments, which are more foldable, legal aspects of nutrition, can be cherished. The first to go on autopilot, hire, move over the ground public transport of Moscow, the shards of the transporters themselves.
Pavlo SEREDA, director of the department of the industrial group: Vlasnik’s card for transport, connection with the water supply, water dedication, water license - all the cards, as well as being included in the water supply. Unmanned technology in the future will allow companies that operate commercial vehicles today to avoid their traffic. Therefore, the stench of us in front of today is respectfully chasing for the promotion of these technologies.
Massive use of unmanned technologies to spread the air in the city is not only equal and swedish, but richly safe. Cars with the function of autopilot already at the same time follow the trajectory of the courts of other cars and can avoid accidents.
Andriy TOVPIK: One more function, it's registered. I am slowing down, no matter how fast I am. Є taka rіch, called "an accident in the qiu axis stіyku". For a fraction of a second, like, in principle, the human brain does not comprehend what is being seen, the autopilot is running, what is being worn and either, as we are demo, sharply galmuє, or sharply hurry up with the maximum wikid - in such a manner, take the hood , but the trunk.
Before the function of the autopilot, Andriy, the sound of a quick one, did not transfer to the original car. One foot of the wine is already at the future, it seems that it is not scary there.
Andriy TOVPIK: In the last hour of the rest of the year, fifteen, sing-song, stand by Moscow, as I like to say, fight not for a kilometer. Vіdstan' near Moscow vymiryuєtsya at the anniversary. Mіzh Trubnoy and Marxist can be їhati three and a half years. So the axis, you see, is screaming, that you know for sure that you are guaranteed to pass this way not for three years, but for example, for repetition, and with whom you sit and time, the axis simply doesn’t work anything - marvel at all sides, marvel at the side of the sun . Spring, summer, I don’t know, girls... And if you want, you will come at once, if you need. Tse majestic plus. Tsim must be cured, because everyone wants it.
President of Russia Volodymyr Putin has given his honorary envoy to the Federal Assembly that the federal motor vehicles have been seriously upgraded. Now it is necessary to arrange regional and municipal roads. “Federal transport systems have been put in order by the fair world,” Putin said. - Trohi girsha on the right with regional ones. And the misters - vzagali are no good. I turn back to the cores of the regions and that place: the camp is dear to me, but I stay at the center of your respect. It is necessary to increase the quality and commitment of the road life, win for this new technology and solution, infrastructure mortgage, contracts for the life cycle.
Also, among the most important tasks, the President saw an increase in safety on the roads and a decrease to a minimum of deaths in road accidents.
“In the wake of the next six fates, it is necessary to practically bring money to everyday life and pave the roads of Russia, send over 11 trillion rubles from the old zherel to the city. That's rich. In 2012-2017, we spent 6.4 trillion rubles on our goals - this is such a big figure, but 11 is needed,” the President said.
Behind Putin's words, the development of the European transport arteries will grow. Already on the road, as soon as you become an important part of the corridor "Europe - Asia-Pacific". “Before the speech, our partners from China and Kazakhstan - peacefully all of them - have already abandoned their part of the work. These dealerships are already in operation. And we need to seriously hurry up,” Putin said. For six years, the second time, up to 180 million tons, the throughput capacity of the BAM and the Trans-Siberian Railway increased. Containers are delivered from Vladivostok to the airport
Nitsi Rosії for sіm days. This is one of the infrastructure projects, which gives us a quick economic return. There are vantazhі, and all investments will be paid off quickly and will accept the development of these territories. Obyag transit container transportation by our zaliznitsy can be more than four times. This means that our country will be one of the world leaders in the transit of containers between Europe and Asia.
Within the framework of the Message, it was entrusted to the Unit to prepare a comprehensive plan for the modernization and expansion of the entire backbone infrastructure.
For the participation of the President, there was a plenary meeting of the Z'izdu transport workers in Russia. “Balancing, improving the development of transport, improving the minds of the mind and ensuring the competitiveness of Russian carriers is the crazy priority of our policy, the priority of the state, it’s a goal, the basis for the growth of the entire economy of the country,” appointing Putin. - Russian transport today is one of the most dynamic galleys. For the last year's bags, the cost of travel was increased by 5.4 tons, passenger transportation - by 8.9 tons.
One of the most popular and requested types of success is motor transport. At the pererakhunka per tonnage mayzhe 70 vіdsotkіv vantageіv from Russia to be transported by roadways. As it was designated in the Message of the President, the federal highways were put in order by a significant world, and there are significantly more regional and municipal routes behind the obligatory obligation. For the accomplishment of this task, it is necessary to get a great deal of private money. “We systematically encourage investors to invest money in infrastructure, launch new tools for financing road life, such as infrastructure mortgages, and encourage projects to develop autoways for the development of roadside roads”, - roadside development
It is also necessary to introduce new technologies and materials to improve the quality of the roadway, its durability, and also the safety of the road traffic. It is necessary to win contracts more widely in the life cycle, if the contractor carries direct financial support for the camp of the road with a long term of service.
At the same time, it is necessary for the renewal of the road barriers of the country to create a larger modern and environmentally friendly transport fleet. “In case of whom I want to be especially blatant: it is important not to create an overworld, ungrounded ambition on our companies. Propose a system of incentives, so as to improve the fleet of transport facilities as efficiently as possible. The renewal process can be natural, flexible and visual. I ask the Order at the same time, with the help of stakes, to take food. It is absolutely necessary, as we want to develop energetically, promote our competitiveness,” the President said.
There is one more important topic that was discussed at the meeting of the Z'izdu transport workers - the auto carriers often talk about those who work in Russia in the nervous minds of foreign companies. “I ask the Unit together with the Union of Transport Workers and other associations of road transport workers to analyze this situation again. We are fast, until the speech, we are busy, ale, maybe, until the end, all the food is not so bad. It is necessary to prepare changes in our part,” Volodymyr Putin said.
Valid to the "Transport strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030." The main tasks that stand before the state are the promotion of the competitiveness of the domestic economy for the additional implementation of the same transport services and the superior geographical position.
What rank can you take away the bad result? First, it is necessary to develop competition in transport, increase respect for social and environmental factors, promote advanced technologies in the gallery, and promote the economic security of the country. Thus, it is necessary to allow for internal competition between carriers and other modes of transport, which, without a doubt, welcomes the promotion of equal services. It would be desirable for the competitive edge of the country to be able to secure an influx of transit advantages, to effectively win the geo-economic and geopolitical camp of Russia.
In another way, it is necessary to achieve a balanced development of the transport system of the country with a method of ensuring the exit of regional subjects of the state into the international arena. The formation of the market of competitive transport services is allowed to obtain transit revenue streams through the channels of success.
Thirdly, the integration with the light transport network will allow the domestic manufacturers to know new markets for the development of goods and to speed up the delivery of the vantage to the holders, increasing the competitiveness of Russian products.
Do not forget about the reduction of the slippery inflow of transport on the dovkilya. However, Russia has direct access to environmentally friendly means of transport that are traditional for our country, although it is necessary to modernize the development of technology and technology to the level of light.
The main managers of development valanceє development of high-speed highways (VSM), which, in rich lands, will create competition for inverted transport for low parameters. The reason for the change of the heavy influx in the middle of the country, as you know, the transshipment transport is one of the most environmentally friendly. Price and high speed of delivery of vantages and passengers. Warto guess also about the high level of high-speed rail safety, the implications for the automation of traffic control and the separation of the commercial and passenger flows on different lines. It's a pity that Russia has become a world leader in the development of HSR for twenty years and has begun to master these technologies more than once. But for diligent finance, you can re-invest in a wide distribution of warehouses of the new generation in the next hour.
Depending on the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation, expansion and owing to the promotion in the lines until 2030, the onset of a high-speed rush: Moscow - Chervone (cordon with Belarus), Moscow - Suzemka (cordon with Ukraine), Moscow - Saratov, Ussuriisk - Khabarovsk, Moscow - Adler and іn .
Let's start the task of increasing the number of Russian railroads on the international transport market and catching up on the railroads of Russian railroads of transit air traffic. It is necessary to lie in the middle of the development of international transport corridors, the route of which pass through the territory of the Russian Federation, the zone, the pan-European corridor No. 9, the corridor "Pivnich - Pivden" and the Trans-Siberian highway.
Forecasting the increase in the obligation to transport the passengers and the obligation of the transit baggage transportation by rail and road transport is illustrated in Fig. 9.3 and 9.4.
Do not forget about the change in competitive positions and alternative ways of getting. What can be reached by the molding of the competitive market of the services of vintage terminals and transport and forwarding services, increasing the speed of delivery of the benefits.
Rice. 9.3.
Rice. 9.4.
For the integration of Russia in the light industry, air transportation is necessary to improve competitiveness and efficiency domestic aviation galley We name the main indicators of competitiveness in this sector:
- the route barrier was broken;
- st_yka frequency of flights;
- air park station;
- security of health benefits;
- terrestrial infrastructure is broken.
Only the great airlines can satisfy the needs of the country's economy. Chinnі nіnі nіnіnі poіtryanyomu rynka Rosії 159 ekspluatatsіv іnproblemіnі іnіnі іnіnіnі poіtryanyomu Russia 159 ekspluatatsіv іnnіі іnіnі іnіnі poіtryanyomu umіmіnіy rank.
According to the estimates of the MERT and the Ministry of Transport, in Russia, 20 to 70 airlines may be out of stock. With tsim danimi, the participants of the market will be in a good time: the galuz itself would come to this one by the natural path. And yet another radical assessment: there may be only 5–7 companies left in the sky. These are transporters who can independently modernize the park and improve the route line.
The power of transmission, that one of the largest companies is guilty of being a national representative and being a representative of Russia abroad, another 2-3 can be redeemed on long-distance lines, more importantly in the middle of the country. For those who need to get away from the transportation - the stench is less likely to deliver the benefits to the great transshipment airports.
We name the main directions for the development of the galley:
- development of ground infrastructure for transport at the borders of official federal target programs;
- nagodzhennya in the country of high production of high-pressure, economical aviation technology;
- implementation of the system of alternative air transportation and the availability of these services for airlines at the airports of Russia;
- modernization systems of the organized rush, pushing the focus of the enlargement of the center, the structures of the nested spaces of the Federal Federal Administrative District, the outfete of the new technology rush, and the deputy system of systems, it was far -exerted, and the same
- promotion was able to schodo navchannya litnogo warehouse for civil aviation;
- thorough implementation and implementation of new information technologies in the process of air transportation of passengers and interests;
- vykonannya zahodіv, transferring the State Program for the security of the security of the use of civil aviation ships and the Program for the aviation security of civil aviation of the Russian Federation;
- distribution and implementation of a complex of calls, directing to the development of air transportation of the country - a participant of EURAzES. Forecast for increasing air transportation of submissions to small. 9.5.
Rice. 9.5.
Ninі mayzhe all sea transport, carrying Russian zvnіshnyotrovelnі vantazhі, perebuvaє іnоzemоїєєstrаtsії, wanting vlasniki to mаyut russian hromadaism. Tse pov'yazano nasampred іz pragnennym sudnovshchikov registruvat novі vessel in foreign registers kraїn іz pіlgovymi minds podatkuvannya. More than 30 countries see three countries that give a "sign of honor", among them Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Panama.
Transportation of expenses and expenses of maritime transport from international success is indicated in Table. 9.7.
Table 9.7
Portage turnover of maritime transport for international business
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Pokaznik |
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Total cargo transported, mln t |
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Including: |
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between foreign ports |
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Vantage turnover - total, bln t km |
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In addition, the internationally informed |
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Including: |
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between foreign ports |
As a positive trend, the remaining traces of the fact that the total amount of profits, processed by domestic sea ports, for the remaining five years of interest by 12% and exceeding the maximum total amount of transshipment of the interests of the SRSR in 1989. The prospect of increasing the profitability of seaports is shown in Table. 9.8.
Table 9.8
Prospects for Increasing the Interest Obligation of Seaports of Russia, mln t
The development of maritime transport in Russia may have a clearly pronounced regional character. By 2015, it is planned to complete the modernization of ports in the Azov-Black Sea, Caspian and Baltic basins. Nadalі to continue the development of Pivnіchny sea way and portіv Dalekoshidny pool near the link with zdobichchyu and export of natural resources.
With the method of increasing the throughput capacity of the vacancies of the ports, it was logical to create a lance "river - sea". For which replacement of an old possession is needed, such ports of internal waterways, set up on the basis of river ports of container terminals, are equipped at the same time.
The gallery will also require modernization of the single water-water system of the European part of the Russian Federation, a collection of brains for the delivery of vantages from importantly accessible areas of the Kraynoi Pivnochi, the development of communications and navigation.
- URL: gks.ru
- Transport strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030.
