population of the central federal district. Central economic region
- The most densely populated part of Russia. The population density will become 57.5 people / km 2. Center - Moscow. Over the area of wines, it occupies close to 4% of the territory of the Russian Federation and concentrates 25% of the population of the region, of which half is occupied in Moscow capital region.
The district is not vipadkovo called Central. This name characterizes not only its geographic position in the center of the country, but also its historical function as the core of the Russian state, the center of economic, political, cultural life.
The Central Okrug has the largest staff training centers, scientific and prestigious institutes, design organizations, and a place of science, which is typical for this high concentration qualified personnel, which I explain high rіven development of science galleries of industry (Table 1)
Table 1. Geography of machine-building stores in the Central Federal District
|
The name of the gallery and warehouse |
Products that vibrate |
Placement center |
|
priladobduvannya |
Attach, make a link |
Moscow region, Smolensk |
|
workbench |
Ryazan, Moscow region |
|
|
transport |
Buses, river ships, diesel-engineering, car-building |
Golitsyn, Likino-Dulovo, Tver, Tula, Volodymyr, Bryansk, Moscow region |
|
car-building |
Vantage and cars, engines, spare parts |
Moscow region, Smolensk, Tver, Ivanovo. Yaroslavl, Yartsevo (Smolensk region) |
|
electronic calculation technology |
Pobutova electronics, electrical engineering |
Smolensk, Moscow region |
|
gyrniche, energy equipment, s/g machine-building |
Installation, metal structures, agricultural equipment |
Kursk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Tambov, Yelets, Michurinsk |
Tse rozvineny promislovy that silskogopodarsky area.
Black metallurgy vikoristovu natural wealth of the district - the bay of the Kursk magnetic anomaly. For geological reserves, the KMA family borrows the first place from the world. Negligobok ore deposit (from 35 to 500 m) allows you to carry out mining at open quarries. Vidobutok of ores Before ML to become 40% of the total vidobutok of ore in the lands of the SND.
Lebedinsky gіrnicho-zbagachuvalny plant of refinishing near the Belgorod region. Vіn viroblyaє powder-like ore concentrate, which on 2/z is added to oxide of salt. Zvіdsi on metallurgical plants, the concentrate destroys the form of agglomerate or kotuniv.
BAT Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant near the metro station Lipetsk specializes in melting chavun and steel. We borrow a third of the space in Russia for the release of products from Cherepovets (Vologda region) and Magnitogorsk (Chelyabinsk region) combines.
WAT Oskolsky electrometallurgical plant of milling near the metro station Stariy Oskol (Bilgorod region). Vіn vygotovlyaє steel method of direct vіdnovlennya zaliza.
The most wealthy district Grunti - Chornozem. The amount of humus in some of them becomes 4 to 12%, and the black earth horizon itself is 1 m and more. Tse nairodyuchishі ґrunti Rosії, to that the district is known to the main rural areas of the country. Significant part of its territory is occupied by fields of cereals, industrial and fodder crops: wheat and wheat, millet and buckwheat, corn, barley, wives, silage grasses, sucrose beetroots, dormouse. Rozvinene creatures, gardening and vegetable gardening.
The agro-industrial complex of the district specializes in the production of marketable grain, boar, cereals, chicken fowl, olії, starch, canned fruits and vegetables.
Indicators of the Central Federal District
Administrative-territorial warehouse: m. i.
Territory - 652.7 thousand. km2. Population - 37.1 million people.
Administrative center - m. Moscow.
The Central Federal District unites the Central and Central Black Earth Economic Regions.
The territory of the district extends to Central Russia with a typical for her water unit of natural, geographical, demographic and economic features development.
Table 2
Galusi specialization of industrial distribution for the district on the basis of the localization coefficient is seen in Table. 3.
The Central Federal District is highly qualified for the localization coefficient (Table 3) food products, including napoi, that tyutyun, textile and garment weaving, weaving, weaving, weaving and weaving, pulp and paper weaving, printing and printing work, chemical weaving, weaving in humic and plastic materials, in the production of other non-metal mineral products of electronic and optical properties , other varieties; selection and distribution of electricity, gas and water.
Table 3. Specialization of industrial production in the Central Federal District
The Central Federal District (CFD) is the Moscow region, leading for the number of population, the development of the economy and the social sphere, may have a well-differentiated structure of the state and a dense network of railroads and motor roads.
Districts of the Central Federal District
Behind the natural minds, the distribution and development of the productive forces of the district is seen in the Central and Central Black Earth economic regions.
Central economic region
Warehouse area(13 subjects of the federation) - m. Moscow, Moscow, Yaroslavl, Kostromsk, Ivanivsk, Volodymyrsk, Ryazansk, Tulsk, Orlovsk, Bryansk, Kaluzka, Smolensk, Tverska regions.
For the number of subjects of the federation - the largest area, it is also seen for the number of population.
The region has no significant reserves of brown copalins, which would indicate the development of its economy. Paliva stocks are presented in the Podmoskovny brown-coal basin, low-density coals, and can also be used as coke and energy sources. Slightly put peat on the territories of the Tver, Kostroma, Ivaniv, Yaroslavl and Moscow regions. Oil and gas fields have been revealed in the Yaroslavl region, which are not yet disclosed.
The mineral syrovina is represented by a few genera of zaliznyak in the Tulsk and Oryol regions. The Kosogirsky metallurgical plant (XV-XVII centuries) was founded on the vikoristan Tula ores. Є genera of phosphorites of commercial importance in the Bryansk and Moscow regions.
Usі natural resources may be the main rank of internal regional significance.
Population. The central region is the leader in terms of population density (more than 60 people / km 2), but at the same time it is important to note the importance of water. The maximum concentration of the population is reached in the boundaries of the Moscow agglomeration (without the improvement of Moscow - 140 people / km 2), while in the Kostroma region the middle density is only 13 people / km 2.
Part of the city's population to become 83.1%. The region formed the largest Moscow agglomeration in Russia. Moscow has gone beyond the growth of other places, so there are not many great Russian settlements near the region: Yaroslavl (620 thousand people), Ryazan (530 thousand people), Tula (520 thousand people). The main nationality of all subjects is Russians. Some peoples live more compactly: near the Tver region - Karelians, near the Ryazan region - Mordovians and Tatars, near the cordon regions of Belarus, Smolensk and Bryansk regions - Belarusians.
Dominion. The presence of highly qualified labor resources and a large number of scientifically advanced and design institutes have initially developed in the area of scientific and labor-intensive galleys, including the military-industrial complex.
Third sector. Moscow, without a doubt, to the largest banking center of the country. Here are the reigns of all the great banks of Russia, there is a great line of filials. Everything should be brought to the point where the gallows enters the forefront of positions in the district. Income, gained from financial transactions, outperforming directly the state. An additional resource to strengthen the role of the Center, sovereign functions Moscow. Placement in the city of the Presidential Administration, Order, Federal Elections attracts a concentration of various types, firms and key structures.
Promislovist. Machine-building is the main focus of industry in the region. In its time, the development of automobile, workbench, auxiliaries, electrical engineering, electronics, and aviation have been developed here. Near the district appeared the first locomotive and railcar enterprises, then their number increased.
Automotive Building Center - Moscow - de-roofing the ZIL association, which specializes in the production of medium-tonnage vintage cars.
The Center has a lot of factories, which provide facilities for various industries (sewing, chemical, energy, household materials, woodworking). The main production centers are Moscow, Kolomna, Ryazan. Appliances are located near Moscow (Energoprilad, Fizprilad, Manometr, Years' backwaters), Ryazan, Volodymyr, Smolensk. Rozvinene elektrotehnіchne mashinobuduvannya in Moscow, it is represented by factories "Moskabel", "Dynamo" and factories near Yaroslavl, Kalusia and Volodymyr region.
Galuzzu specialization and chemical production. Among the galleys of chemistry, yakі pratsyuyut on the water resources, next to name the production of phosphoric fertilizers (Voskresensk ta Polpino). On the imported oil and gas (there are three oil refineries in the region), backwaters are produced from the production of plastic mass, chemical fibers and threads, synthetic rubber, nitrogen additives (Tula region), and miyuchikh zasobiv. The centers for the production of synthetic rubber are Yaroslavl and Efremov.
Black metallurgy is represented by a full cycle plant in Tula, a chavun brewery near Kosiya Gori (Tula region), as well as a number of processing plants near Moscow, Elektrostal, Orly.
The central region is characterized by a poguzhna poligraphic promislovist, yak є galuzyu market specialization. Moscow has developed large printing plants that provide all the regions of the country with their products.
Textile industry, as if it played the role of a conductor in the region, is experiencing a decline in production. Vіn vyklikaniya massive imports of cheap products because of the cordon, lack of syroviny, which was lost beyond the borders of Russia, zniknennym sovereign prayers. All these reasons have brought to a halt the richness of undertakings.
Most of the other galleys provide for the internal needs of the Central Economic Region: electric power industry, grub industry, color metallurgy, and a residential complex.
Silsk state. Climatic wash in soils with different soils allow growing grains with a short growing season, fodder crops, potatoes in the savage areas. Wheat is vizriving in the winter regions, on the black-earth soils there is a lot of potatoes growing, on the firth of the borders there are beetroots. In creatures, dairy-meat animal husbandry is represented. The district has a lot of poultry farms and pig farms. Significant development otrimav primіsky type of government, scho vodnuє ovochіvnitstvo, kartoplorystvo with dairy-meat cattle breeding and pig farming.
Transport characterized by the grand scale of the transportation of passengers and passengers. Historically, a radial-Kiltsev transport barrier was formed at the focus of Moscow. There are 11 electrified bays that separate from Moscow, connecting the Central District from the mouth of the countryside. Pass through Moscow a sprat of automobile roads of federal significance. Moscow is the largest aviation university in the country. Oil pipelines and gas pipelines pass through the Central District.
The Moscow river port can take advantage of going through a system of canals from five seas.
The Central Economic Region is a great tourist region of the country.
The following are the most important officials in the development of the district:
- increasing the role of the financial and credit sector (banks); Shvidke molding of enterprises of small and medium-sized businesses in the transition to a market economy;
- structural transformation of the economy, if the traditional virobnitsva with the improvement of enterprises of the military-industrial complex are saved.
Central Black Earth economic region
Warehouse area(Five subjects of the federation) - Kursk, Bilgorod, Voronez, Lipetsk, Tambov regions.
Wash the rose. The specialization of the district is connected with the power resources of the floodplain (rudi KMA is the first place in the country). The Kursk region has genera of phosphorites.
Non-metallic colored copalins are represented by molding sands, genera of cement syrovine, creidy and vapnyakiv (Bilgorod region).
The soils on pіvnochі pіdzolіstі and sіrі pіdzоіlі on reshti are related to chernozem.
The exchanges are signified by a shortage of water and a lack of energy tensions. The natural environment is favorable for the cultivation of rich agricultural crops.
Population. The coefficient of natural inputs of the population is a little lower than the indications in the Central region and reaches 6-8 ° / 00. The density of the population of the high-rise district is 46 people / km 2. With this mayzhe, there is no differentiation on the territory. The district is one of the poor, which can be called mononational. A part of Russians is 92% in the Bilgorod region to 98% in the Tambov region.
Dominion. Black metallurgy. Roztashovana in the area of the Kursk magnetic anomaly (KMA) - the largest deposit of the ore basin of the region (ore can cover up to 60% of the deposit). You can see the Kursk-Orlivsky district (Mikhailivske family) and the Starooskolsky district (Lebedinsky and Stoilenska families). The ore was enriched by a significant world destroying the borders of the district, as well as at the enterprises of Lipetsk and Stary Oskol (the plant of direct inspiration from the ores). Among the other galleys of industry, you can see machine-building (machine-building - Voronezh, Lipetsk, tractor-working - Lipetsk, agricultural machine-building - Voronezh, Tambov, Michurinsk, Kursk; machine-building and aviation). Chemistry: the production of synthetic rubber and tires near Voronezh, synthetic fibers near Kursk, barniki near Tambov, miyuchi zasobi near Shebekin.
Agro-industrial complex. Near the region grow beetroots (the first place in the country), dormouse (the third place in the country), cereals, potatoes, vegetables, fruit and berry crops. Among creatures, dairy-meat animal husbandry and pig farming prevail. From the production of meat per capita, the region is located first in the country of the country (about 55 kg), from the production of milk - another place after the Volga-Vyatka region. Mayzha, all products are processed no more than the district. Furrow mills, milk and canned mixed fodder, sucrose and starch plants, backwaters from the harvesting of dewy and wild olives. The biggest Oleksievskiy efirokombinat in the country launched the largest brand of Sonyashnikova Oliya “Sloboda”.
The further development of the region is connected with the growth of the strong breeding and the development of the deposits of the KMA.
Geography
Warehouse area 650 205 km², totaling 3.8% of area Russian Federation, which is bigger than Ukraine - the largest power after Russia and Europe.
Zovnishni cordoni: at the entrance from Belarus, at the front entrance from Ukraine. Internal cordons: Pivdni z Pivdenny, Skhodі z Privolzky, pivnich in Pivnichno-Zakhidny federal districts.
The largest rivers (at the arms of the tributaries): Volga (Oka), Don (Voronizh), Dnipro (Desna, Seim), Zakhidna Dvina. There is no exit to the sea.
Natural zones (from pivnochi to pivden): mixed forests, broad-leaved forests, forest steppe, steppe.
Climate: Pomіrno-continental, the average temperature in the air is -7 to -14°С, lime - in the air is +16 to +22°С.
Natural resources: floodplain (Kursk magnetic anomaly) - reserves of 40 billion tons (60% of Russian), phosphorite (25%), bauxite (15%), bure vugillya - species of butt 1.5 million tons, cement syrovine (25%) , granite (sorted bottles in the same way, 2 quarries in the Bogucharsky and Pavlovsky districts of the Voronezsky region), ocher, peat, forest, black soil, water resources.
Dovzhina bay - 17291 km (19.9% of Russian), highways with hard cover - 117926 km (22.3%).
From historical, economic and natural-climatic points, the dawn is divided into two sub-regions - Nechornozem'ya and Chornozem'ya.
Population
The Central Federal District has the largest population in Russia - 60.14 people / km² (2016 rіk). The district is the largest in Russia in terms of population - 39,104,319 people. (2016) (26.68% in RF). Part of the city's population - 81.98%. Also, the Central Federal District has the largest part of the Russian population (89.06% in 2010). Central federal district, without a single national subject of the federation. It is formed mainly from small, but densely populated regions, about half of the population lives in Moscow and Pridmoskov.
| Population | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 |
| 37 920 000 | ↗ 38 018 468 | ↗ 38 154 938 | ↘ 38 138 535 | ↘ 38 134 933 | ↘ 38 088 155 | ↗ 38 115 279 |
| 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 |
| ↗ 38 188 510 | ↗ 38 233 707 | ↗ 38 283 655 | ↗ 38 311 159 | ↘ 38 227 656 | ↘ 38 175 094 | ↘ 38 000 651 |
| 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
| ↘ 37 946 810 | ↘ 37 733 471 | ↘ 37 545 831 | ↘ 37 356 361 | ↘ 37 218 058 | ↘ 37 150 741 | ↘ 37 121 812 |
| 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
| ↗ 38 427 539 | ↗ 38 445 765 | ↗ 38 537 608 | ↗ 38 678 913 | ↗ 38 819 874 | ↗ 38 951 479 | ↗ 39 104 319 |
| People (number of people per 1000 people) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| 12,5 | ↗ 13,0 | ↗ 13,4 | ↗ 13,8 | ↘ 11,2 | ↘ 7,9 | ↘ 7,7 | ↘ 7,3 | ↗ 7,5 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| ↘ 7,2 | ↗ 7,7 | ↗ 8,0 | ↗ 8,5 | ↗ 8,7 | ↗ 9,0 | ↘ 8,8 | ↗ 9,0 | ↗ 9,7 |
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | ||
| ↗ 10,3 | ↗ 10,8 | ↘ 10,7 | ↗ 10,8 | ↗ 11,4 | ↗ 11,4 | ↗ 11,5 | ||
| Mortality (number of deaths per 1000 inhabitants) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| 9,5 | ↗ 10,7 | ↗ 12,3 | ↗ 13,0 | ↗ 13,1 | ↗ 17,1 | ↘ 16,1 | ↘ 15,8 | ↗ 15,8 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| ↗ 17,0 | ↗ 17,5 | ↗ 18,0 | ↗ 18,5 | ↘ 17,9 | ↘ 17,4 | ↗ 17,4 | ↘ 16,7 | ↘ 16,1 |
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | ||
| ↗ 16,1 | ↘ 15,5 | ↘ 15,2 | ↘ 14,0 | ↘ 13,9 | ↘ 13,7 | ↗ 13,7 | ||
| Natural population growth (per 1000 population, sign (-) means natural population change) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| 3,0 | ↘ 2,3 | ↘ 1,1 | ↘ 0,8 | ↘ -1,9 | ↘ -9,2 | ↗ -8,4 | ↘ -8,5 | ↗ -8,3 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| ↘ -9,8 | ↗ -9,8 | ↘ -10,0 | ↗ -10,0 | ↗ -9,2 | ↗ -8,4 | ↘ -8,6 | ↗ -7,7 | ↗ -6,4 |
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | ||
| ↗ -5,8 | ↗ -4,7 | ↗ -4,5 | ↗ -3,2 | ↗ -2,5 | ↗ -2,3 | ↗ -2,2 | ||
| The trivality of life under the people (the number of fates) has been cleared up | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| 69,5 | ↘ 69,2 | ↘ 68,3 | ↘ 65,6 | ↘ 64,2 | ↗ 64,9 | ↗ 66,5 | ↗ 67,4 | ↗ 67,6 |
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| ↘ 66,4 | ↘ 66,1 | ↘ 65,8 | ↘ 65,6 | ↗ 65,7 | ↗ 66,1 | ↗ 66,3 | ↗ 67,3 | ↗ 68,1 |
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||
| ↗ 68,5 | ↗ 69,4 | ↗ 69,9 | ↗ 71,2 | ↗ 71,4 | ↗ 71,9 | |||
National warehouse
National warehouse, according to the 2010 census: Total - 38,427,539 people.
- Russians - 34240603 (89.10%)
- Ukrainians - 514,919 (1.34%)
- Virmeni - 270,996 (0.71%)
- Tatars - 265,913 (0.69%)
- Azerbaijanis - 132,312 (0.34%)
- Belarus - 128,742 (0.34%)
- Uzbeks - 90652 (0.24%)
- Jews - 69,409 (0.18%)
- Moldovans - 65,645 (0.17%)
- Georgians - 63612 (0.17%)
- Tajiks - 62785 (0.16%)
- Mordva - 51826 (0.13%)
- Tsigani - 49,535 (0.13%)
- Chuvash - 40157 (0.10%)
- Kyrgyzstan - 29269 (0.08%)
- Chechens - 25,734 (0.07%)
- Nimtsі - 25 219 (0.07%)
- Koreans - 21,779 (0.06%)
- Ossetians - 19203 (0.05%)
- Lezghini - 17843 (0.05%)
- Kazakhs - 17608 (0.05%)
- Turks - 15,322 (0.04%)
- Bashkirs - 15249 (0.04%)
- Yezidi - 13,727 (0.04%)
- Avartsi - 12,887 (0.03%)
- Dargintsі - 10095 (0.03%)
- Individuals who did not indicate nationality - 1 million 944 thousand. 531 people (5.06%)
- Individuals of other nationalities - 2 million 260 thousand. 631 people (5.88%)
Following the 2002 population census, the population of the Central Federal District is 38 million 000 thousand. 651 people National warehouse:
- Russia - 34 million 703 thousand. 066 people (91.32%)
- Ukrainians - 756 thousand. 087 people (1.99%)
- Individuals who did not indicate nationality - 736 thousand. 020 people (1.93%)
- Tatars - 288 thousand. 216 people (0.77%)
- Vіrmeni - 249 thousand. 220 people (0.66%)
- Belarus - 186 thousand. 326 people (0.49%)
- Azerbaijanis - 161 thousand. 859 people (0.43%)
- Jews - 103 thousand. 710 people (0.27%)
- Georgians - 80 thousand. 651 people (0.21%)
- Moldovan - 67 thousand. 811 people (0.18%)
- Mordva - 67 thousand. 497 people (0.18%)
- Tajiks - 46 thousand. 738 people (0.12%)
- Chuvash - 46 thousand. 101 people (0.12%)
- Tsigani - 45 thousand. 858 people (0.12%)
- Uzbeks - 38 thousand. 676 people (0.1%)
- Nimtsі - 33 thousand. 190 people (0.09%)
- Chechens - 28 thousand. 861 people (0.08%)
- Ossetians - 17 thousand. 655 people (0.05%)
- Individuals of other nationalities - 17 thousand. 270 people (0.05%)
- Koreans - 16 thousand. 720 people (0.04%)
Movie
For the ethnic-moving warehouse, the following groups and families are transported:
- Indo-European family - 35,525,282 people (92.45%)
- Slovyanska group - 34,903,814 (90.83%)
- Virmenskaya group - 271,281 (0.71%)
- Iranian group - 105,149 (0.27%)
- Romanska group - 70,074 (0.18%)
- Jewish Indo-European - 69,409 (0.18%)
- Indo-Aryan group - 52,105 (0.14%)
- Altai family - 646,955 (1.68%)
- Turkic group - 636,673 (1.66%)
- Mongolian group - 9,974 (0.02%)
- Pivnіchnokavkazka family - 113 329 (0.29%)
- Ural Family – 84,798 (0.22%)
- Fino-Ugric group - 84,667 (0.22%)
- Kartvelian family - 63,629 (0.17%)
- Koreans - 21,779 (0.06%)
- Semito-khamitska family – 7,977 (0.02%)
Great places
The population of the county is over 200 thousand inhabitants
|
|
|
GRP and economy of the Central Federal District
| Gross regional product (GRP) of the Central Federal District (billion rubles) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| № | Subject | 2014 | at % |
| 1 | Moscow | 12 808,6 | 61,52 |
| 2 | Moscow region | 2705,6 | 12,99 |
| 3 | Voronezka region | 709,1 | 3,41 |
| 4 | Belgorod region | 619,4 | 2,97 |
| 5 | Tula region | 408,5 | 1,96 |
| 6 | Lipetsk region | 395,7 | 1,90 |
| 7 | Yaroslavl region | 388,1 | 1,86 |
| 8 | Volodymyr region | 327,9 | 1,57 |
| 9 | Kaluska region | 324,9 | 1,56 |
| 10 | Tverska region | 307,4 | 1,48 |
| 11 | Kursk region | 297,4 | 1,43 |
| 12 | Ryazan region | 297,3 | 1,43 |
| 13 | Tambov region | 275,8 | 1,32 |
| 14 | Bryansk region | 243,0 | 1,17 |
| 15 | Smolensk region | 234,7 | 1,13 |
| 16 | Oryol region | 179,7 | 0,86 |
| 17 | Ivanivska region | 151,0 | 0,73 |
| 18 | Kostroma region | 146,3 | 0,70 |
| 18.000001 | of all | &&&&&&&&&&020820.400000 20 820,4 | &&&&&&&&&&&&0100.&&&&&0 100,00 |
The global GRP of the Central Federal District for 2014 was 20 trillion 820 billion rubles. Over the period, a part of Moscow and the Moscow region fell - 74.51% and 3/4 of the GRP of the district, a part of 6 regions of the Central Chornozem - 11.88% of the GRP, and other 10 regions of the Central Federal District - 13.61% of the GRP of the district.
Dzherela
- Central Federal District // Chepaliga A. L., Chepaliga G. I. Regions of Russia: Dovidnik. - 2nd species., Vipr. that dod. - M: Dashkov i K °, 2004. - 100 p. - S. 26-39. ISBN 5-94798-490-3
Write a review about the article "Central Federal District"
Posilannya
Div. also
Notes
- . Revised on 27 March 2016.
- www.demographia.ru/articles_N/index.html?idR=20&idArt=76 Demographic situation in modern Russia
- www.fedstat.ru/indicator/data.do?id=31557 Residential population per 1 day (person) 1990-2013
- . .
- . Revised 14 leaf fall 2013 year.
- . Revised on 13 April 2014.
- . Retrieved 6 April 2015.
-
Central Federal District
Lesson that characterizes the Central Federal District
- Mon cher, [Dear my,] - it used to be said, entering into such a whirlwind, Princess Mary, - Nіkolushtsі can't walk around: it's too cold.
“Yakbi was warm,” Prince Andriy said especially dryly when he said his sister, “then he was wearing only a shirt, and it’s so cold, you need to put on a new warm robe, which is for this and divinations. The axis is crying out from what is cold, and not those who are left at home, if the child needs it, - saying wine with special logic, nibi scribbling for all the taemnu, illogical internal work that was in the new. Princess Mary, in her quiet moments, thought about how to dry the people of Rozum's robot.Prince Andriy arrived in St. Petersburg at the sickle in 1809. This is the hour of the apogee of the glory of the young Speransky and the energy of revolutions, like wines. Whose very sickle, sovereign, їhavshi in a carriage, waving, hurting his leg, and having lost three days in Peterhof, bachachis every day and only with Speransky. At the same time, not only two decks were being prepared in the house and turbaned by the suspension, indicate about the ranks of the court officials and about sleeping on the ranks of the wheeled assessors and the state radniks, and the sovereign constitution, how small is the change of the essential judge, hell the ministerial and financial order of the management of Russia for the sake of sovereignty before hair straightening. Now, those vague, liberal visions, with which Emperor Oleksandr had ascended the throne, and having begun to help his assistants Czartorizky, Novosiltsev, Kochubey and Strogonov, for the help of his Zivav comite du salut publique. [committee of the community order.]
Now we have replaced Speransky in the civil part and Arakcheev in the military at once. Prince Andriy nevdovzі after the arrival of his, like a chamberlain, came to the court and out. Sovereign dvіchi, zustrіvshi yogo, not honoring yogo with the desired word. Prince Andriy was already told earlier that he was antipathetic to the sovereign, that the sovereign did not accept this disguise and all of this. With a dry, far-off look, as if looking at the new sovereign, Prince Andrey was even more lower than he knew the confirmation of his admission. The courtiers explained to Prince Andriy the disrespect of the new sovereign, that Yogo Majesty was dissatisfied with them, that Bolkonsky had not served since 1805.
“I myself know that I am not in control of my sympathies and antipathies, thinking Prince Andriy, and that there is nothing to think about those who would especially present my note about the military statute of the sovereign, but on the right it speaks for itself.” Vin passing about his note to the old field marshal, another father. The field marshal, acknowledging his year, affectionately accepting yoga and announcing his gratitude to the sovereign. A few days later, it was announced to Prince Andriy that he might appear before the minister of war, Count Arakcheev.
On the ninth morning, at the appointments of the day, Prince Andriy appeared before the reception to Count Arakcheev.
Especially Prince Andriy did not know Arakcheev and did not know anything about him, but everything that he knew about him did little to inspire him with respect to the people.
“Vin is the military minister, the entrusted person of the sovereign emperor; no one is to blame, but do up to yoga special wickedness; I have been entrusted to look at my note, since I am the only one and can give it to you, ”thinking Prince Andriy, counting among the many important and unimportant features of Count Arakcheev’s receptionist.
Prince Andriy under the hour of his, zdebіlshoy aide-de-camp, the service of richly bachelored important features and differences, the characteristics of tsikh priyomnyh buli you were more aware. Count Arakcheev has a special primal character. On the unimportant persons, like the chergs of the auditorium at the reception of Count Arakcheev, it was written on the boulder with a touch of condescension and submissiveness; on bureaucratic disguises, one glaringly almost unhandedness was manifested, attached under the mask of rozvyaznosti and gluzuvannya to oneself, from one’s camp and from oscillating disguises. The deyakians thoughtfully walked this way and that, they laughed in a whisper, and Prince Andriy chuv sobriquet [smiling surreptitiously] Silya Andriyovich and the words: “Assign an uncle,” which were heard before Count Arakcheev. One general (important disguise) could be imagining that he had been so long-time check, sitting, shifting his legs and laughing disrespectfully at himself.
Ale, the doors were opening up, on all the faces of the mitte, only one thing was expressed - fear. Prince Andriy, having asked the devil to tell him about himself, they marveled at the new one and said that the devil would come in his own time. After a number of cases, introduced and seen by the adjutant from the cabinet of the minister, an officer was let in at the terrible door, as if impressing Prince Andriy with his belittling and swaying look. The officer's audience lasted a long time. Raptom pochulisya behind the door Gurkit inacceptable voice, and a bludiy officer, with tremly lips, viyshov zvіdti, and hoisting his head, passed through the primal.
Then Prince Andriy led us to the door, and said in a hearty whisper: "To the right, to the window."
Prince Andriy uvіyshov at the poor ohayny cabinet and beating the table forty people with a long waist, with a long, short-cropped head and slick wrinkled faces, with frowning eyebrows over a square of green stupid eyes and a red nose, what to hang . Arakcheev turned his head to the new one, not marveling at the new one.
- What are you asking for? - Having asked Arakcheev.
“I don’t ... I ask you, your Excellency,” Prince Andriy said softly. The eyes of Arakcheev turned to him.
- Sit down, - saying Arakcheev, - Prince Bolkonsky?
- I do not ask for anything, and the sovereign emperor, having allowed me to send a note to your syava ...
- Be kind, bachiti, my love, I read your note, - interrupting Arakcheev, saying only the first words affectionately, again not marveling at you in disguise and falling more and more into a tone of displeasure. - Do you propagate new laws of the Viysk? Having legislated richly, there is no one to win over the old. Ninі usі law to write, it is easier to write, less work.
- I have come by the will of the sovereign emperor to enquire with your lordship, which way do you care to submit a note? - having said something, Prince Andriy.
- I put a resolution on your note and forwarded it to the committee. I don’t praise, - saying Arakcheev, getting up and taking papers from the writing table. - Axis! - Vіn giving Prince Andriy.
On the paper across її, in olive, without great letters, without spelling, without rozdіlov signs, it was written: “immediately written off as inherited from the French military statute and from the military article without the need for entry.”
- Until what committee was the note handed over? - Having energized Prince Andriy.
- Before the committee on the Viysk statute, and I have filed for the protection of your nobility to the members. Only without pay.
Prince Andriy smiled.
- I don't care.
- Without paying a member, - repeating Arakcheev. - I have the honor. Hey call! Who else? - Shouting vin, bowing to Prince Andriy.Having informed about the preservation of yoga before the members of the committee, Prince Andriy reaffirmed old acquaintances, especially with these persons, who knew wine, were strong and needed yoga. Vіn vіdchuvav vіn vіdchuvav now near St. Petersburg almost, like before, like vіn vіn vіdchuvav before the battle, if he was tormented by restless cіkavіst and inexhaustibly taxed by the greater sphere, there, where the future was prepared, because of which the shares of millions were lying. Vіn vydchuvav for the anger of the old, for the cіkavіst of the uninitiated, for the stremanіst of initiations, for the quarrelsomeness, the squealing of all, for the unnamed number of committees, commissions, about the foundation of such vins I am recognizing today, what now, in 1809, was being prepared here, at Petersburg, as if it were majestic a huge battle, like a commander-in-chief was unknown to you, mysterious and ingenious, which seemed to you, a person - Speransky. It’s not clear to you yourself when you see the transformation on the right, and Speransky is the head fiend, they started so precariously tsikaviti yogo, that on the right of the Viysk statute, they soon began to cross at the svidomo yogo on another row.
Prince Andriy was in one of the most important positions in order to be well accepted by all the most famous people and the most famous stake of the same St. Petersburg society. The party of reformers welcomed and lured him, first to the one who had a reputation for intelligence and great erudition, and to the other one who, through his admission of the villagers to freedom, had earned his reputation as a liberal. The party of old dissatisfied, like to the blue of their father, turned around for the sleepers, arguing the transformation. Zhіnoche suspіlstvo, svіtlo, hospitably accepted yogo, to that scho of names, wealthy and noble, and may be new appearance with a halo of a novel story about yogo, death and tragic death of the squad will be revealed. In addition, a high-pitched voice about the new all, as they knew it before, but the one who had richly changed to the best in five years, helped and smuzhniv, who didn’t have a lot of pressure in the new one, pride and slyness, and boo that calm, which is bathed in rock. They started talking about him, they chirped at him, and everyone wanted to yogo bachiti.
The next day, after the appearance of Count Arakcheev, Prince Andriy was in the evening at Count Kochubey's. Vіn rozpovіv Count his marriage with Silo Andreich (Kochubey so called Arakcheyev z tієyu well unnamed zhimos gluzuvannyam, like remembering Prince Andriy from the primal Viysk minister).
- Mon cher, [Dear Mіy,] you can’t miss Mikhail Mikhailovich. C'est le grand faiseur. [Everyone fights him.] I'll tell youmu. We promised to come in the evening…
- Yak Speransky on the right to the military statutes? - Having energized Prince Andriy.
Kochubey, smiling, shaking his head, began to marvel at the innocence of Bolkonsky.
“We talked about you for days,” Kochubey continued, “about your free grain growers ...
- So, did you, prince, let your peasants in? - said the old Katerininsky, turning scornfully at Bolkonsky.
- Little im'ya did not bring a surplus, - Bolkonsky vіdpovіv, so as not to play with the old man for nothing, trying to help him to soften his vchinok in front of him.
“Vous craignez d'etre en retard,” said the old man, marveling at Kochubey.
“I don’t understand one thing,” having continued the old one, “who will we conquer the earth, if we give them the will?” Easily stop writing, but cherubate is important. All the same, like now, I feed you, count, who will be the head of the chambers, if everyone has a good sleep?
“Those who seem to sleep, I think,” said Kochubey, throwing her legs over her legs and looking around.
- The axis is for me to serve Gingerbread Man, glorious people, gold people, and 60 years for you, why don’t you go to sleep?
- So, it’s important, the lower light is still a little wide, but ... - Count Kochubey did not finish speaking, he moved, taking Prince Andriy by the hand, pishov nazustrich to the entrance high, fox, white man, rocky forty, with the great grand chol and supra-eternal, wondrous white-haired individual. On the uv_yshov blue tailcoat, a cross on the shiї and a star on the left side of the breasts. That buv Speransky. Prince Andriy immediately recognized Yogo and in his soul shuddered, as if he had an important life. Chi bula tsia povaga, zazdrіst, ochіkuvannya - not knowing wine. The entire post of Speransky is small, a special type, such that one can recognize yoga at once. In no one of that suspіlstva, in which Prince Andriy lives, not succumbing to the calmness and self-singingness of the impregnable and stupid ruins, not succumbing to such a hard and at once soft look of the splattering and sprat of watery eyes, not succumbing to such firmly nothing insignificant smiles. , such a thin, even, quiet voice, and, a brand, such a lower whiteness of appearance and especially hands, a sprat of wide, ale supra-lingually plump, lower and white. Prince Andriy was less likely to see such a whiteness and lowerness among the soldiers, as if they had tried it for a long time at the hospital. That’s true buv Speransky, secretary of state, dopovіdach of the sovereign and his companion in Erfurt, de more than once wrestled and spoke with Napoleon.
Speransky did not skip a single guise on another, as if he were willing to shy away at the entrance to the great supremacy, and did not hasten to speak. Vіn speaking softly, in a sing-song voice, that Yogo could hear, and marveling only at those appearances, with which he spoke.
Prince Andriy, with particular respect, followed Speransky's skin word with a special respect. How do you deal with people, especially with them, how to judge your neighbors with judgment, Prince Andriy, sharpening with new guises, especially with such people, like Speransky, who knows by reputation, forge a check to know in a new way the thoroughness of people merits.
Speransky said to Kochubey that he was wrong, that he could not have arrived earlier, because they hung up at the palace. Vіn having said that he had touched the sovereign. Prince Andriy respected the first impression of modesty. If Kochubey called you Prince Andriy, Speransky fully shifted his eyes to Bolkonsky with the very same laughter and gestures, starting to marvel at the new one.
“I’m more than happy to get to know you, I felt about you, like everything else,” he said.
Kochubey, having said a few words about the reception, the destruction of the Bolkonsky Arakcheev. Speransky laughed more.
- The director of the committee of military statutes is my good friend - Pane Magnitsky, - having said the wine, the home of the leather warehouse and the skin word, - and even more so, I can call you with him. (Vin pomovchav on points.) I am sure that you will know in the new world that bazhannya to accept everything reasonable.
Bil Speransky was immediately called by a group and that old one, who, speaking about his official, Pryanichnikov, also turned back to Speransky.
Prince Andriy, without entering into rozmov, guarding the mustache of Speransky, these people, the once worthless seminarist and now in his hands, - these were white, puffy hands, what a share of Russia, as if Bolkonsky thought. Prince Andriy, striking the over-the-top, unimportantly calm, like Speransky, reaffirming the old. Vіn, it seemed, from an unimaginable height, he had turned his gracious word to a new one. If the old man speaks loudly, Speransky chuckled and said that he could not judge the benefit or disadvantage of the one that was so good for the sovereign.
After talking for an hour in a scorched hour, Speransky moved on and went to Prince Andriy, calling him to the other end of the rock. It can be seen that it was vindicated to take care of Bolkonsky for the needs.
- I didn’t manage to talk to you, prince, in the midst of those spiritualized rozmov, in the wake of learning from this important old man, - having said wine, laughing slyly and with a laugh, knowing that at the same time from prince Andriym of mind the worthlessness of quiet people, with some faults speaking. All the animals were comforted by Prince Andriy. - I have known you for a long time: first, in your inquiries about your villagers, this is our first butt, which would be so blessed to have more successors; but in a different way, to that one of the quiet chamberlains, they did not respect themselves with a new decree about the court officials, who shout so sensitively and judge.
- So, - having said Prince Andriy, - the father didn’t want, so I’m right; I have started service from the lower ranks.
- Your father, a man of the old age, obviously stands up more for our co-workers, as if they sue their zahid in such a way that it only reinforces natural justice.
The warehouse includes 18 territorial entities. І z tsієї causes wine є the greatest for їх kіlkіst. The Central Federal District has no republics, only regions and the only capital of our country, Moscow. Before speech, it is not only the largest city in the Usy district, but also the administrative center. Vtim, about everything in order.
Features
First of all, take a look at the warehouse of the Central Federal District, varto denoting respect for the particularity, with which wines are considered.
Later, the Central Federal District was approved on May 13, 2000. There is no way for him to reach the sea and, apparently, the ocean. It is the largest district for the number of population and the number of territorial subjects, about which it was already guessed more. Three and more than 39 million people live near the Central Federal District. This is approximately 26.7% of the total population of the population of the Russian Federation. Shchilnist, before the speech, become ~ 60.14 people per km.
The warehouse of the Central Federal District includes two large economic regions, which include 310 cities. Tse Central Black Earth and Central District. The area occupied by them is 650,205 km. This is approximately 3.8% of the entire territory of Russia. Ale, despite its small size, the Central Federal District is the main macro-region of the Ukrainian krai.
capital
Yak Bulo was assigned higher, to the warehouse of the Central Federal District to enter Moscow. Vaughn occupies the smallest area, as a way to balance the territory of the subjects of the Central Federal District - a total of 2511 km². Ale, regardless of the price, near Moscow lives in an average 10 times more people, lower in other areas of the district. The capital has 12,330,126 cases, for the rest of the statistical data.
What can you say about Moscow? Tse is the capital, and tsim says it all. But all the same, it is important that the city is the largest financial center in the global Russian scale and one of the largest business megacities in the world. Perhaps, let’s not say, that Moscow itself is known in the first place among the rest of the world on our planet for the number of dollar billionaires that live on this territory. Їх here 79. Accepted by the camp for 2011 рік.
І, obviously, Moscow is the largest transport hub in Russia. For rіk obsyag passenger transportation warehouse close to 11500000000 osіb.
Moscow region
This is the most densely populated region of the Central Federal District after the capital. The area of the region is approximately 44.4 thousand km2. Bags on this territory are close to 7.32 million people.
For obscure GRP of the Moscow Region is in the third place of the middle of the Russian subjects. The region is indecently broken, why spryaє, to the point of speech, the state from the capital. From one side Danish fact play a positive role. Ale z іnshoy - the capital takes over the labor resources of the region. Just a lot of people who live in the Moscow Region, work near the metropolis. І z tsієї cause itself to the budget of Moscow їхні tributes.
In this region, promislov_ is well blamed. Zokrema, metalworking and machine-building. Here, rocket and space technology, nuclear and thermal power engineering, main diesel locomotives, electric trains, buses, wagons, excavators and a lot of other things are vibrating.
Other regions and their significance
The Central Federal Warehouse also includes the Lipetsk region - a region that has grown on the territory that was inhabited for more than an hour of the Upper Paleolithic (40-12 thousand years ago). So vcheni sing. 85% of the territory of the region is covered with chernozem, and 300 genera of brown copalins were also found here. For reserves of carbonate syrovin, LV is the leader of the Russian Federation.
Rozpovіdayuchi about the warehouse of the federal districts, it is impossible not to show respect to the Ivanivsk region, which should be included to the Central Federal District. Adzhe її territorії vyroblyaєє 32.8% of the production of light industry in the form of the Central Russian obsyagu (indicator No. 1).
The Oryol region is also included before the Central Federal District. Vaughn vіdrіznyaєtsya its ekonomіkoyu, yak maє clearly expressions of the agrarian and industrial character.
Also included to the Central Federal District is the Tula region. This is one of the most disadvantaged regions in the social plan. Low people, increased mortality, large number unfortunate experiences, filthy ecology, and over 420,000 people (and in total about 1,500,000 people living in the TO) are pensioners. But here the grub’s promissory is blamed. The best butt - confectionery factory " Yasna Polyana”, which vibrates gingerbread in all Russia.
Features of larger regions
The small warehouse of the federal districts can boast of such a variety of territorial subjects, like the Central Federal District. Vishche buli refurbished far from all areas.
More Bіlgorodsk. The won is especially important because the territory contains about 40% of the reserves of the Russian Federation. The ecological situation is bad in the Kaluz region. 75.6% of the territory is occupied by sod-podzolic soils. 45.2% of the area is occupied by forests, and the wild stock of the village at the link with the winter becomes 267,700,000 m³.
In the Volodymyr region, the ecological situation is rotten, and then the machine industry is well developed. For rahunok tsієї spheres are created close to 40% of the commercial product.
To the warehouse of the Central Federal District (CFD) enter Kursk and Tambov region. The main activity of the first field is in vidobutku and enriched rudi, as well as in machine production. The industry of the Tambov region is recognized as one of the leading sectors of the regional economy.
The Bryansk region is home to a highly flexible railway transport and radio electronics. And also - lіsopererobkoy. The Yaroslavl region, which is also considered to be an important camp of the Central Federal District, is one of the most highly developed regions in the industrial plan. Nearly 300 missions may be state significance. Until then, the area was home to indestructible mineral and sulfur resources (thin clay, quartz sand, peat, thin gravel are wide here).
Nasamkinets
Yak bachimo, to achieve a solid economic plan for the Central Federal District. Warehouse areas, and navіt їх osoblivostі korisno nobility. Alas, the 5 remaining regions have not yet been guessed. Aje stinks are also important.
Ryazan region, for example, we know that there are 103.5 yews on this area. ha of the most important natural territories. І are buried regularly. In the Smolensk region, there is a good distribution of milk and meat products directly. Sіlskogospodarski ugіddya occupy close to 1,750,000 hectares!
The Voronezka region is the absolute leader in the whole country of manufacturing. Kostroma is home to the largest enterprises in Russia, which specialize in the production of investment and oil and gas installations. I, nareshti, Tverska region, rest. Business life and trade have been developed on this territory.
What kind of visnovok can be grown? Unambiguous. All regions, which enter the warehouse of the Central Federal District, are especially valuable. I zavdyaki dermal їх Central FD є vysokorozvinenim in Russia.
