Petro 1 paintings by famous artists. Peter I the eyes of foreign artists
Behind the data of various sociological experiences, Petro and the hour are filled with one of the most popular historical features. Yogo, just like before, the sculptors magnify, they compose songs about him, politicians are hoarded about him.
Ale chi vіdpovіdav real people Petro Oleksiyovich Romanov to that image, what kind of diligence of writers and cinematographers was it possible for our society?
Still from the film "Peter the First" after the novel by A. N. Tolstoy ("Lenfilm", 1937 - 1938, directed by Volodymyr Petrov,
Mikola Simonov in the role of Peter, Mikhailo Zharov in the role of Menshikov):
Tsey dosit volume for the post , What is made up of dekіlkoh parts, dedications vikritty myths about the first Russian emperor, like dosі roam from book to book, from assistant to assistant, and from film to film.
Let's look at the fact that the most representative of Peter I is absolutely not the same, as if he were true.
Behind the films, Petro is a majestic person with a rich status and such health itself.
In fact, with a growth of 2 meters 4 centimeters (indeed, majestic behind them, that and very significant in our time) we are visibly thinner, with slender shoulders and torso, a disproportionately small head and leg size (close to 37 size and size with such growth! ), with strong hands and spider-like fingers. Zagalom, bezgluzda, clumsy, ungrabable to stand, indulge in a virodkom.
The dress of Peter I, which has been saved to this day from museums, mali flooring, which can’t be done about a heroic status. In addition, Petro, suffering from nervous attacks, having an epileptic character, constantly being ill, never parting from a flimsy first-aid kit from a faceless face, like having taken a day.
Do not trust the court portrait painters and sculptors of Peter.
For example, a vіdomiy doslіdnik of the Petrine epoch, a historian Є. F. Shmurlo
(1853 - 1934) in this way I describe my reaction to the famous chest of Peter I robots B. F. Rastrelli:
"The higher spiritual power, the invincible will of the commanding look, the thought is strained to build this bust of Michelangelo's Moses. This is truly a terrible king, that can call forth awe, but at the same time the majestic, noble."
Viddano more accurately conveys the look of Peter plaster mask known from yoga guise 1718 roku father of the great architect B. K. Rastrelli if the tsar vіv investigation about the health of tsarevich Oleksiy.
Axis how to describe the artist A. N. Benois (1870 - 1960):"The disguise of Peter became gloomy at this hour, we directly shivered our ugliness. You can show that it was the enemy's fault to cope with a terrible head, placed on a gigantic body, with which eyes sway and terrible convulsions, which transformed the fantastic disguise into an image ".
Understandably, the real calling of Peter I was not the same as standing in front of us on yoga ceremonial portraits.
For example, cich:
Portrait of Peter I (1698) by a German artist
Gottfried Kneller (1648 - 1723)
Portrait of Peter I with signs of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called (1717)
French painter Jean-Marc Nattier (1685 - 1766)
To give respect to the painting of this portrait and the preparation of the living mask of Peter
Rastrelli proyshov less rivers. What, are they similar?
Most popular in Denmark and even more romanticized
until the hour of creation (1838) portrait of Peter I
roboti by French artist Paul Delaroche (1797 - 1856)
Trying to be objective, I can't help but notice that monument to Peter I , robotic sculptor Mikhaila Shemyakina , vikonaniya him in the United States and installations at the Peter and Paul Fortress 1991 , tezh hardly reflects the real image of the first Russian emperor, if you want, as much as possible, the sculptor "cheesy fantastic image" , About yaky talking Benoit.
So, the face of Peter was viconated with a posthumous wax mask (bit by B. K. Rastrelli). Ale Mikhailo Shemyakin at the same time, achieving a singing effect, increasing the proportions of the body mayzhe in a second time. For this reason, the monument to the Viishovs is grotesque and ambiguous (whether they want to cry or hate them).
In the meantime, even more ambiguous, I myself should post Peter I, about which I want to tell everyone who talks about the old history.
At the end of the whole part more about one myth that stosuetsya death of Peter I .
Petro died not in spite of the fact that he caught a cold, ryatuyuchi bot z stomping pіd hour povnі in St. Petersburg in the leaf fall of 1724 (want such a vipadok is true, and vіn called to aggravate the king's chronic ailments); and not in the presence of syphilis (if only from his youth, Petro would be indistinguishable in his relationships with women and a bunch of venereal diseases); and not in view of the fact that yoga was sung by some kind of "specially donated zukerkas" - all the same, the myths are wide-spread.
Do not see any criticism and the official version, deafened after the death of the emperor, for which reason his death was the burning of legends.
In fact, Peter I started to inflame the sichovovidny canal (I suffered from ailments since 1715, according to some information, navit from 1711). The ailment was garnished in a sickle 1724 r. The jubilant doctors - the English Horn and the Italian Lazzaretti unsuccessfully tried to run into her. From September 17, 1725 Petro did not even get up from his bed, on the 23rd of September he was unsettled, for whom, even before his death, on the 28th of September he did not turn around.
"Petro on his deathbed"
(artist N. N. Nikitin, 1725)
The doctors performed the operation, but it was already late, 15 years later, after her, Petro died without coming to you and without leaving the command.
So, all the reports are about those, as at the last moment the dying emperor, trying to build on the commandments of his remaining will, but he managed to write only "Leave it all..." , so it’s not more of a myth, or else you want a legend.
At the offensive short part so as not to tighten the tightness on you, I will bring historical anecdote about Peter I , which, vtim, can be brought to the myths about tsyu ambiguous specialness.
For respect.
Sergei Vorobyov.
The most valuable trophy of Peter I in the Winter War was, perhaps, Martha Skavronska, a Polonian from Marienburg (nicknamed by the Russians Katerina Trubachova), as the tsar had first visited Petersburg, who would be on the Trinity Island in the chambers of Oleksandr Menshikov for example. baiting her...
Conclusion to the throne, 1717
Hryhoriy MUSIKIYSKY
Before the wedding with Martha, Peter's special life turned out to be rather nasty: with the squad, as we know, it didn’t work out, moreover, she was old-fashioned, stubborn and stubborn, not ready to savor the taste of a person. You can guess about the cob of your sleepy life. I guess only that Queen Evdokiya was taken to the Suzdal Intercession Monastery, in the linden 1699. she was tonsured under the name of Olenya Oleni and lived there a three-time hour to earn the same freely on the pennies of churchmen, dissatisfied with the sovereign's policy.
Dramatically ending the tsar's rich romance with the white-haired beauty Hannah Mons, Marnoslavism was madly flattered by the tsar's rich gifts. Aleone didn’t like yoga, but was simply afraid, however, risking to start an affair on the side of the Saxon envoy, for which Petro put the deceitful kohana under home arrest for a long time.
Portraits of Peter I
Unknown artists
The report about the repetitive share of Marty Skavronskaya is easy for the hours of the king’s reign, we immediately hear only on the її hundred days with the king. Later, the tsar having lost his respect for the acura player and cleaner Katerina, Oleksandr Danilovich, without any special support, gave in to Peter I.
Peter I and Katerina
Dementiy SHMARINOV
Petro take Katerina from Menshikov
Nevidomy artist, from the selection of the Egorievsk Museum
On the back of her head, Katerina was in the state of the numerous meters of the noble Russian Tsar, which wines she carried everywhere with her. Ale nevdovzі with her kindness, softness, ruthless submissiveness, she tamed the distrustful king. Shvidko had a chat with her sister Natalya Oleksievna and grew up to the age of three, having become worthy of Peter's relatives.
Portrait of Princess Natalia Oleksiivna
Ivan NIKITIN
Portrait of Katerini I
Ivan NIKITIN
In 1704, Katerina already became Peter's community squad, gave birth to the son of Paul, through the river - Peter. A simple woman observed the mood of the tsar, attached herself to his important character, endured his wondrousness and primhi, guessed the foolishness, chewed on everything that interested him, becoming the closest person to Peter. Krіm tsyogo, she could create a calm for the sovereign and the warmth of a home fire, which was not there in the new one. The new family became a support for the king, that quiet bazhany pier.
Peter I and Katerina
Boris CHORIKOV
Portrait of Peter the Great
Adrian van der WERFF
Peter I and Katerina, who ride in the clothes of the Neva
Engraving XVIII century.
Krіm uhogo іnshoy, Katerina is small in health; she rode horses, spent the night in the backyards, accompanied the tsar for months on the road and calmly endured the bad weather and misery, it’s not easy for our worlds. And if it was necessary, it was absolutely natural to behave in the number of European nobles, transforming into a queen ... There was no military look, the launching of a ship, the ceremony of the holy ceremony, for which there would not be a present.
Portrait of Peter I and Katerini I
Nevidomy artist
Reception at the Countess Skavronskaya
Dementiy SHMARINOV
Following the return of Peter from the Prut campaign in 1712, he took part in the battle with Katerina. At that hour they already had two daughters, Hannah and Elizaveta, the mother of children, died without having lived five years as a people. The stench was married in St. Petersburg, the whole ceremony was celebrated not as a traditional celebration of the Russian autocrat, but as a modest fun of the shautbenacht of Peter Mikhailov and his fighting girlfriend
I Katerina, not consecrated, who is not short of a long-awaited life at the top, in fact, she appeared like a woman, without which the king could not manage in a moment. Vaughn held hands with Peter, quenched the spalah of anger, she could calm him down, if strong migraines began to judge the king. Mustache went after the "other cordial" Katerina. Petro laying his head on his knees, she quietly spoke to you (її the voice of the nibi bewitched Peter) and the king calmed down, then fell asleep and for a couple of years he was cheerful, calm and healthy.
Order of Peter I
Mikhailo SHANKOV
Petro, immensely, already loving Katerina, loving the beautiful daughter, Elizabeth and Hanna.
Portrait of Princess Anna Petrivna and Elizaveta Petrivna
Louis CARAVAC
Oleksiy Petrovich
And what about Tsarevich Oleksiy, the son of Peter, who saw the first man? A blow to an unloved squad ricocheted off a child. Vіn buv separating from mother and vіddaniya on vyhovannya titka dad, who was rarely afraid of bachelors and from childhood, vіdchuvayuchi himself unloved. Step by step, like a boy, it was formed around the opponents of Petrovsky's transformations, like they pinched Oleksiya's pre-reform relish: exaltation of true piety, idleness and contentment. The prince is alive cheerfully at "his company" under the wire of Yakov Ignatiev, ringing out Russian benevolence, which could not but harm his health, not like the miraculous nature. On the back of the charter of the tsarevich, the man was illumined and the master rhetor Nikifor Vyazemsky, and from 1703 p. Heinrich Huissen, professor of law, became Oleksiy's promoter, having laid down a great initial plan, refinancing two fates. Behind the plan of the crime of learning French, geography, cartography, arithmetic, geometry, the prince was right at fencing, dancing, filming.
Johann Paul LUDDEN
It is necessary to say that Tsarevich Oleksiy zovsim did not patlatim wretched, kvolim and fearful hysterics, for an hour they imagined and portrayed dosi. Vіn was the son of his father, having subdued his will, stubbornness and giving the king deaf enemies and support, like a demonstrative obedience and formal frivolities. Behind Peter's back, there is an enemy, who, having not accepted anything, that he fought and fought for, Yogo Batko ... Oleksiy Petrovich was in the army, taking part in campaigns and battles (1704 the prince was born in Narva), victorious over the sovereignty of the tsar’s commission, protesting formally and reluctantly. Dissatisfied with the blue, Petro sent the 19th prince beyond the cordon, and with that stretch of three rokiv abiyak, he began to look at the sight of the frank father, giving peace of mind. In 1711 p. practically against his will, he became friends with the Wolfenbüttel Crown Princess Charlotte Christine Sophia, sister-in-law of the Austrian Emperor Charles VI, and then turned to Russia.
Charlotte Kristina Sofia Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich and Charlotte Christina Sophia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Johann Gottfried TANNAUER Grigory MOLCHANOV
Oleksiy Petrovich did not love the navyazan of his squad, but he was dying for the guard of his teacher Nikifor Vyazemsky Euphrosyne and dreamed of making friends with her. Charlotte Sophia gave birth to youma 1714 daughter Natalya, and through rіk - a son named after grandfather Peter. Prote until 1715 Vіdnosini batka i sina bіlsh-mensh tolerant. In the same fate, at the time of the baptism of the Orthodox faith, the queen was named Katerina Oleksiivna.
Portrait of a Sim of Peter I.
Petro I, Katerina Oleksiivna, senior son Oleksiy Petrovich, daughters Elizabeth and Hanna, young courtier son Petro.
Hryhoriy MUSIKIIYSKY, Enamel on the middle plate
The tsarevich believing in his planid, perekonirovaniya at the one who is the only legitimate fall to the throne, clenching his teeth, checking his hour.
Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich
V. GREITBACH Nevidomy artist
Ale nevdovzі after the fall of Charlotte Sophia died, she was buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral on July 27, 1915, and on the same day Petro handed Oleksiy Petrovich the sheet Goofing off my son(written, before the speech, on Zhovtnya 11), in which he called the prince in the night, with evil and vpertіy vdachi and threatening to let go of the throne: I’ll spare you the fall, I’ll see you like a member of the body, gangrene attacks, and don’t think that you’re the only one in me, and that I write only for fear: can you, indecent, have pity?
Portrait of Tsarevich Peter Petrovich at the sight of Cupid
Louis CARAVAC
On July 28, the tsar's son Petro Petrovich, "Shishechka", "Guts", was born to the tsar, as fathers lovingly called him in the sheets. The first claims to the senior son became serious, and the calls were serious. A lot of historians are aware that such changes could not be done without a spill on Tsar Katerina and Oleksandr Danilovich Menshikov, as if miraculously they understood the invincibility of their lot at the time of the arrival of Oleksiy Petrovich to the kingdom. Rejoiced at his close people, Oleksiy greeted his throne at his leaf: "And none, thank God, I have a brother, whoever, God bless you."
Portrait of Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich
Johann Paul LUDDEN
Further more. U sichni 1716 p. Petro, having written another accusatory sheet "Stop guessing," in a way that he longed for the vіd tsarevitch to be tonsured in chenci: And if you don’t do it, then I’ll do it with you, as if from troubles. І on tse xing giving a formal appointment. Ale Petro is miraculously wise, that at the time of death the struggle of power will begin, the act of foretelling you will become a simple papyr, you can leave the monastery, tobto. for be-yakim Oleksiy to get rid of unsafe for the children of Peter and Katerina. This was a real situation, the tsar instantly knew few applications from other powers.
At the spring of 1716, Oleksiy took off the third leaf from the father of Copenhagen with the order to show up negainally before the new one. Here the prince's nerves were built and the rozpachi called for a leak... Having passed Danzig, Oleksiy z Eufrosinієyu vtіk, having arrived before Sunday on behalf of the Polish gentry Kokhanovsky. Went back to his brother-in-law, the Emperor of Austria, about intercession: I've come here to ask the emperor ... about saving my life: they want to save me, they want to save me and my poor children from the throne, ... if the emperor sees my father, then it’s all the same, that he himself should spend less; that yakby and father sparing me, then the stepmother that Menshikov does not calm down doti, do not torture the docks to death, do not open. I'm giving up similar statements the prince himself signed his own death warrant.
Oleksiy Petrovich, prince
Engraving 1718
The Austrian relatives filed for sin the unfortunate vtkachiv at the Tyrolean castle of Erenberg, and the grass of 1717 p. Yogo and Euphrosyne, disguised as a page, were transported to Naples near the castle of San Elmo. Violently, charguyuchi raznomanіtnі threats, obіtsyanki and vmovlyannya, we will send captain Rumyantsev and diplomat Pyotr Tolstoy to rozshuk, far away to turn the prince to the fatherland, de in the fierce 1718 in the presence of senators, he was crowned the throne and reconciled with his father. However, unfortunate Petro uncovered evidence, for whom the woeful secret office was created. As a result of the investigation, dozens of people were gathered together, zhorstok torturs were recognized and stratified.
Peter I greets Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich at Peterhof
Mykola GЄ
Peter I and Tsarevich Oleksiy
Kuznetsovsky porcelain
At the chervnia to the Peter and Paul Fortress, having consumed the prince himself. For legal norms at that time, Oleksiy, madly, priymavsya like a villain. First, hitting the god, the tsarevich instantly chimes at the state's health. In Russia, every single person had the right to freely travel abroad until 1762, before the appearance of the Manifesto About the Liberty of the Nobility. Tim more, virushiti to a foreign sovereign. The whole thing was turned off. In a different way, even as a malice, he entered like the one who was malice, and the one who appeased the malice. Tobto was judged not only for justice, but for us, and to call us, to call not to speak in a voice. It was enough for everyone to know on the trail. And be like a man, a prince is not a prince, who was writhing in something like that, spitting a death penalty.
Dopit Tsarevich Oleksiy
Book illustration
And znavsya Oleksiy Petrovich on supplementary drinks at the one who in different times at different times with different people in all sorts of ways, in some way criticizing the father’s activity. There was no such thing as an obvious namіru, tied, for example, with a sovereign coup in these promos. That was criticism itself. For the blame of one moment, if the prince was fed - the axis of the yakbi vidensky cіsar pishov іz viyskami to Russia, giving bi yoma, Oleksіya, vіysk, to achieve the throne and knock down the father, then win bi hastily chim chi? The prince answered positively. They added olis to the fire and the recognition of the kohanoi of prince Euphrosyne.
Peter I pishov to the court, blatantly, that this is a fair court, that this is the court of the highest officials of the state, as if they are violating the sovereign problem. And the king, being a father, has no right to blame such a decision. Vin wrote two messages addressed to the spiritual hierarchs and secular ranks, asking them for help: ... I'm afraid that God should not be sinned, more naturally, that people on their right side work less, lower in them. So are the doctors: if you want all the maisternishe like a buv, then you don’t dare to take care of your own ailment, but call out others.
The clergy exclaimed slyly: the tsar can choose: for the Old Testament, Oleksiy is a good death, for the New - forgiveness, for Christ has pierced the one who repents. prodigal sin... The senators voted for the death penalty; specially approved by the Supreme Court on 24 chervnya 1718 vinіs death virok. And on 26 chervnya 1718, the fate of chergovy torturs for obscure circumstances, Tsarevich Oleksiy buv, maybe, murders.
Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich
George Stewart
As if it happened to someone that I am trying to tell the truth in such a wild way, that zhorstoke of Peter's appointment to the elder son, but not so. I just want to understand, chim vin keruvavsya, vrahovyuchi with whom the law sounds like the era, and not your emotions.
If in 1718 the fate of Oleksiy Petrovich was gone, it was assumed that the situation with the succession to the throne was already successfully resolved, the little prince Petro Petrovich, whom he had loved more than the tsar, had fallen. Ale died in 1719. Peter did not lose the desired direct decline along the human line. I renewed the supply chain was left without water.
Well, Peter matіnka senior sina tsarina nun Єvdokіya Lopuhіna Tim hour yak i ranіshe perebuvala in Pokrovskomu monastirі de їy away stvoriti spravzhnіy mіkrosvіt moskovskoї tsaritsі kіntsya stolіttya XVII, of organіzovanim postachannyam products speeches zberezhennyam courtiers ritualіv Maskovskiy sovereign proschі.
And everything would be nothing, it could have happened so generously, Peter for the great battles and the atrocities before her was not worthy of doing, but in 1710 our queen was suffocated. That is not just like that, but, you know, in a right way. Major Stepan Bogdanov Glebov. Vaughn achieved a good fortune with Glibov, having started a romance, from the yogo side of great superficials, more major rozumiv, scho romance with the queen, high and rich, maybe a mother’s legacy... new passions: Forget it so fast. It’s not enough, maybe, your appearance, and your hands, and all your limbs, and the mounds of your hands and nig your water with my tears ... Oh, my world, how can I live in the world without you? Glіbov buv nalyakany such a waterfall pochuttіv і nezabar pochas to skip a beat, and then uzav Suzdal. And Dunya continued to write summarily and sticky sheets, not being afraid of any brown ...
Evdokia Fedorivna Lopukhina, the first squad of Peter I
Nevidomy artist
All these passions were brought to the attention of the so-called rozshuk of Kikinsky at the right of Tsarevich Oleksiy. At spіvchutti before Yevdokії Fedorіvny there was a vikrito chentsіv and chernitsa of the Suzdal monasteries, the Krutitsa Metropolitan Ignatiy and a lot of others. In the midst of the arrest, Stepan Glibov, who knew the leaves of the queen, appeared in a vipadkovo. Dissolving Petro, having punished the guards, to take care of the dark Olena. Glibov already quickly recognized that alive prodigally with the colossal empress, but having recounted the fate of the king against the tsar, even though they rolled him like that, they didn’t roll anyone at that hard hour: they climbed on the diba, burned with fire, then they locked him up in a crying chamber, under the influence of which the bula was stuck in flowers.
At the leaf before Pyotr, Evdokia Fedorivna obeyed everything and sang: Falling down to your knees, I ask for mercy, that my wickedness about forgiveness, so that I don’t die a harmless death. And I declare, as before, a butichen and stay in blackness until my death, and I will be God's goodness for you, Sovereign.
Evdokia Fedorivna Lopukhina (Olen's daughter)
Nevidomy artist
Petro fiercely striving us, zamishanih at the right. On February 15, 1718, on Chervony Square, the ice of the living Glibov was impaled on a pale and made dead. And so that the wine did not freeze earlier in the cold, they “dbaily” threw a jacket over their shoulders. The order of the chekayuchi vyznannya, cursing the priest, ale Glibov did not say anything. One more touch to the portrait of Peter. Vіn avenging the unfortunate kohant of the colossal squad and punishing him to include the name of Stepan Glebov to the list of anathemas, yak queen's kohantsa. On this list, Glibov went over to the company with the worst villains of Russia: Grishkom Otrep'evim, Stenka Razinim, Vanka Mazepa ..., and later spent Lov Tolstoy ...
Єvdokіya Petro transferred from the same roci to the other, Ladozsky Dormition Monastery, she spent 7 years until her very yogo death. There її trimali on bread and water near the cold cell without windows. They took away all the servants, and only the dwarf dwarf Agafia was left for her. V'yaznya was so humble that even here the prison guards were placed before her without speaking. In 1725, after the death of Peter I, the tsarina was transferred to Shlіsselburg, and under Katherine I she lived in a strict secret prison. A new boulder was a miserable hedgehog and a tight camera, honestly, with the end. And yet, in spite of the misfortune, Evdokiya Lopukhina survived both her royal man, and her friend Katerina’s squad, who is more familiar with her ...
No less dramatic was the history of Mary Hamilton, which resembled an old Scottish family and was formed in the state of Catherine Oleksievna as a maid of honor. Maria, who was dazzled by the beauty of the mother, drank the monarch’s eyes in the field, which she recognized gifted, it’s impossible not to be greedy for greed and for a certain hour she became a yoga kohanka. Small adventurous character and untidy pragnennyam to luxury, the young Scot has already reconciled her thoughts to the royal crown, changing the old Katerina, but Petro has cooled down to a girl-beautiful, shards are more beautiful than the friends of you, no one in the world
Katerina Persha
Maria didn’t hesitate for a long time and without a moment’s notice knew the tsar’s batman Ivan Orlov, a young tagar lad, on the sly. The stench both played with fire, even if you wanted to sleep with the tsar's kohanka, even if it was big, it was necessary to be an eagle! Through the blindness of denunciation and an hour of investigation at the right of Tsarevich Oleksiy, the suspicion of a denunciation, written by Orlov himself, fell on him. Having not figured out why Yogo is ringing, the batman fell down, and recognized the tsar at the cohabitation of Mary Gamonova (as they called her Russian), roaring that she was small for two new children who were born dead. At the end of the drink, Marya knew that she had vitiated the two conceived children like a zilla, and the rest, who appeared in the world, she immediately drowned in the night vessel, and the little woman ordered the servants to be thrown away.
Peter I
Grigoriy MUSIKIYSKY Karel de MOOR
It is necessary to say that before Peter I, the establishment of Russia to bastards was greedy for mothers. To him, so as not to incite anger and bodi on himself, mothers mercilessly vitrified the fruits of sinful kohanny, and among different peoples they often killed different ways. Petro, first for all the radio for the interests of the state (great on the right ... the small one will be a soldier for an hour), in the Decree of 1715 about hospitals, having punished, so that the state would have founded likarni for maturation they don’t swear, such retinues and wives people illegally and for the sake of litter they give away at different places, why they don’t die uselessly... I gave a gloomy praise: And if people are so illegally declared to be dead, they won’t be silenced, and for such wickedness they themselves will be punished by death. In all provinces and places, it was ordered in hospitals and churches to set up houses for the reception of illegitimate children, which, if any, could be placed at the window, and then open for the city.
Mary Bulo was vined virok - the death penalty through the vіdsіkannya of the head. Vzagali, according to the Code of 1649, children alive bury at the ground on the titties, with hands at once and kick with their feet. It used to be that the evil-doer lived in such a camp for a whole month, as if, obviously, relatives were not respected to live in misfortune and were not allowed to be dirty with homeless dogs. Ale Hamilton was counting on another death. After the guilt of the clergy close to Peter, people tried to propitiate Yogo, blaming on the fact that the girl was repairing unseen, sloppy, it was simply shameful. Maria Hamilton was defended by offended queens - Katerina Oleksivna and Empress Paraskovia Fedorivna. Ale Petro is not indestructible: the law can be beaten, and wine is not in the power of yoga. Without a doubt, of little importance, those who are unfamiliar, killed by Hamilton, could be the children of Peter himself, and for the sake of it, the tsar could not instantly choose his favorite favourite.
Maria Hamilton in front of the stratum
Pavlo SVIDOMSKII
On February 14, 1719, in St. Petersburg, when the people gathered, the Russian lady Hamilton went to the scaffold, where there was already a chopping block, and a check cat. Until the rest, Maria gave in to mercy, dressed herself in a white cloth, and when Petro appeared, she fell on her knees in front of him. The sovereign said that the hand of the kat її would not hit: it seemed that the hour of the strati kat roughly seized the stricken, stripped the yoga and threw it on the chopping block.
Strata near the presence of Peter the Great
All froze in the reckoning of the residual decision of Peter. Whispering in the ear of the katu, and with that rapt waving a wide sword and mitt, seeing the woman’s head, standing on her knees. So Petro, without destroying the tsієї Mії obіtsyanka, at the same time trying to bring the sword of kata from Sunset - a new strate for Russia, first vikoristan to replace the rough sokiri. Following the advice of the presenters, after the strata of the sovereign, raising Mary’s head for її rosy hair and kissing her lips did not cool yet, and then having read to us in attendance, that they died in the presence of a fever, a heavy lecture on anatomy (about the peculiarities of people to live blood vessels). great lover and knower.
After the demonstration lesson of anatomy, Mary's head was punished with alcohol in the Kunstkamera, but at the jar, together with the other monsters of the collection of the first Russian museum, she lay for a long time. All the while, they’ve been forgetting for a long time, what’s behind the head, and seeing, having raised their ears, they heard the watchman’s tales about those who were hurt by the sovereign Peter the Great, having punished the head of the most beautiful of his court ladies and zapertuvat її, hours. Carrying out an audit at the Peter's Kunstkamera, Princess Kateryna Dashkova revealed a warrant from potions at two jars of alcoholized heads. One of them belonged to Willim Mons (our advancing hero), Peter's cochants, chamber-maid of honor Hamilton. The empress punished them with light.
Portrait of Peter I, 1717
Ivan NIKITIN
Tsar Peter's remaining strong love was Maria Cantemir, daughter of Pan Moldavia Dmitry Cantemir and Kassandri Sherbanivna Kantakouzen, daughter of the ruler of Vala. Petro, knowing she was still a girl, but she quickly changed from a little skinny girl to one of the most beautiful ladies of the royal court. Maria was more reasonable, she knew a lot of languages, she choked on ancient and European literature and history, painting, music, she learned the basics of mathematics, astronomy, rhetoric, philosophy, it’s not surprising that a girl could easily enter into such a demon.
Maria Cantemir
Ivan NIKITIN
Batko didn’t change his mind, but on the contrary, for the support of Peter Tolstoy, having taken his daughter’s closeness to the king. Katerina, who was half-heartedly wondering with her fingers on the earth of a buried person, became alert, having learned about Mary's vaginess. In the court of the tsar, they all seriously worked it out that she would give birth to a son, then Katerina could repeat the share of Eudokia Lopukhina ... The tsarina reported all the zusil so that the child was not born county title).
Portrait of Count Pyotr Andriyovich Tolstoy
Georg Gsell Johann Honfried TANNAUER
On the eve of the Prut campaign of 1722, in which fate, having broken the door, Katerina and the homeland of Kantemiriv, Maria spent a child. The tsar saw the sorrow and the suffering of the woman, saying a few words of kind words for the breeze and such a...
Maria Cantemir
Stay rocky life was not easy for Peter I in a special age, youth passed, they got sick, they entered that age, if a person needs loved ones, they would have wised up. Having become the emperor, Peter I won, maybe, deprive the throne of the squad. And to that very same, 1724 hung the urochisto vіnchav Katerina. For the first time in Russian history, the crowning of the empress became the imperial crown. Until then, it is clear that Petro especially laid the imperial crown on the head of the squad at the hour of the ceremony.
Voting of Catherine I by Empress of All Russia
Boris CHORIKOV
Peter I crowns Catherine
NX, from the collection of the Egorevsky Museum
It would have been a mustache. An, no. In the autumn of 1724, the fate of this idyll was zruynovan with a sound that the empress was not human. She had an affair with chamberlain William Mons. I am again a grimace of history: the true brother of your own Annie Mons, in the same way Petro himself died in his youth. Forgetting about safety and fully giving in to feelings, Katerina brought the favorite as close as possible to herself, accompanying her on all trips, and hovering at Katerina’s chambers for a long time.
Tsar Petro I Oleksiyovich the Great and Katerina Oleksiivna
Having found out about Katerini's innocence, Petro became angry. For the new evil, the Kokhanoy squad became a serious blow. Vіn znischiv signed її іm'ya order, becoming gloomy and merciless, actually ceasing to quarrel with Katerina, and from that hour became їy fenced with access to the new one. Monsa was arrested, given to the court “for shakhraystvo that illegal vchinka” and fed up especially by Peter I. Vіlyam Mons bu v strachenii vіdsіkannyam head 16 leaf fall near St. Petersburg. The body of the chamberlain lay for a few days on the scaffold, and his head was drenched in alcohol and spent three hours in the Kunstkamera.
Portraits of Peter the Great
Tapestries. Shovk, wool, metal thread, linen, weaving.
Petersburg trellis manufactory
The author of the pictorial original J-M. Natje
І Petro again began to look up to Mary Cantemir. And an hour later... Mary, judging by the mustache, fell in love with Peter as a child, and this addiction became fatal and single, she took Peter like that, like wine, but the stench of the trochs disappeared after an hour, the life of the emperor was approaching before sunset. Vaughn did not succumb to the doctor and Count Peter Tolstoy, they repented, guilty at the death of their son. Maria Cantemir consecrated the surplus of life to her brothers, took a part in the political life of the court and secular intrigues, was engaged in charity and until the end of her life she saved fidelity to her first and only kokhan - Peter the First. For example, the prince's life in the presence of the memoirist Jacob von Stehlin burned down everything that spoke of Peter I: one leaf, paper, two portraits framed by expensive stones (Peter in armor and wives).
Maria Cantemir
Book illustration
In the meantime of Emperor Peter, the Caesars, the beautiful daughters of Hanna, Elizabeth and Natalya were left behind. At the fall of the leaves 1924 the emperor gave a year to Annie's marriage with Karl Friedrich of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, who signed a contract for friendship with Anna Petrivna. Natal's daughter lived longer for the rest of Peter's children who died in childhood, and less than three girls were alive when the Russian Empire was voted in 1721, and in 1721 they took the title of tsarev. Natalia Petrivna died in St. Petersburg a month later, shortly after the father's death on 4 (15) Birch, 1725.
Portraits of Princess Anna Petrivna and Elizaveta Petrivna
Ivan NIKITIN
Tsesarivna Natalia Petrivna
Louis CARAVAC
Portrait of Peter the Great
Sergiy KIRILOV Nevidomy artist
Peter I didn’t pierce Katerina like that: after the strata of Mons wine only once, at the expense of Elizabeth’s daughter, having waited a while to have a meal with her. The death of the emperor reconciled the death of the emperor in 1725.
Rice. 1. False Peter the First that my reading was written on my portrait
I posed a portrait from a video film, de Announcer, it seems: “ And yet, on other yoga engravings, like on all upcoming portraits of other artists, we better call them, I don’t look like my own people. It would be absurd!
Ale and on whom the diva will not end. On the engravings and portraits of 1698, this person looked more swedish, like a young man of the 20th century. However, in the Dutch and German portraits of 1697, the fate of the people looks, sooner, rokiv 30.
How could it be so?»
I proceed to the epigraphic analysis of this portrait. As a hint to that, de shukati chi іnshі writes, two front portraits serve. I read the writing on the brooches, attached to the headdress, on the back, de it is written: MIM YAR RURIK. Otherwise, it seems that there is only one priest of Yar Rurik, who wants and cannot sign Kharaon's signature. It’s quite possible that the presence of this great spiritual rank means that this priest, not recognizing the spiritual priority of Rurik, wants formally to be his priest. At different times, I was more likely to play the role of Peter's twin.
Then I read the inscriptions on the cunning komіrі zlіva, above the white frame: MARI YARU TEMPLE. I look at this writing as a follow-up to the front. And in the middle of the fragment, surrounded by a white frame, I read the words to the animal color: MOSCOW MARI 865 YARA (ROKU). Under Moscow Marie grew up Veliky Novgorod; and then the first Romanov took over the right to Christianity, and Patriarch Nikon, for Oleksiy Mikhailovich, liquidated all the leftovers of Russian Vedism from Muscovy. Otzhe, Russian Vedisti often go to the Russian hillside, often transform into the Russian diaspora to the sudnih powers. A 865 river Yar - tse 1721 chrysalis , over 70 years after Nikon's reforms Until that moment, it was no longer children who occupied the victims, but their grandchildren and great-grandchildren of distant Nikon victims, and the grandchildren and great-grandchildren often no longer volody my own children and great-grandchildren. Ale, perhaps, evidence of the residual design of the engraving, which was painted in 1698. Ale, and in the same period of images, the young man was younger than Peter by 6-8.
And on the very bottom fragment, under the frame on the cunning comir, levoruch, I read the word MASK. Then I read the writing on the cunning komіrі pravoruch: the top of the comіr along the diagonal vengeance write ANATOLYA Z RUSI MARY, and a row below - 35 ARKONA YARU. Ale 35-a Arkona Yar, tse same, scho th Moscow Marie, tse Veliky Novgorod. Otherwise, it seems that someone from the ancestors of this Anatoly in the middle of the 17th century was really a priest in his place, then, after the reforms of Nikon, he leaned here in the Russian diaspora. It is not included that in Catholic Poland, as she diligently followed all the decrees of the Pope of Rome.
Rice. 2. Portrait of Peter Penzl by an unknown artist of the XVIII century
Otzhe, we now know that the lad from the eye on the roaming was not Peter, but Anatoly; otherwise, apparently, the replacement of the king is documented.
Bachimo, that this portrait was painted near Veliky Novgorod. Ale krіm immenі Lzhepetrа tsey portrait did not bring any details, and, moreover, without the names of the artist, so that as an evidence document, tsey portrait was not entirely acceptable, which irritated me shukati other canvases. І nevdovz_ necessary portrait was found: “ Peter the First, Emperor of All Russia, portrait of an unknown painterXVIII century". Below I will show why the mitets appearing invisible.
Epigraphic analysis of another portrait of the False Peter.
I made my own choice on this image of Peter, the shards on this suture bandage, having read the word YARA from the bottom, scribbling that the portrait lay on the penzle of the artist of the Yar temple. I am not knocking. The letters were inscribed as a part of the individual, and at the fold of the robe.
Rice. 3. My reading was written on the portrait of Peter in fig. 2
It dawned on me that if I suspected the presence of Russian writings on a black seam line, then I began to read from it. True, the shards of the direct color and letters are seen not as contrasting, I will move on to the animal color. And here you can see the writing, vikonanie even in great letters: TEMPLE YARU, and on the comіrci - write MASK. Tim himself confirmed my previous reading. To the current reader it means: IMAGES FROM YARU TEMPLE .
And then I moved on to reading the writings on the parts of the face. On the back - on the right side of the individual, angry at the peeping thought. There is hair on the lower skeins (I turned the fragment 90 degrees to the right hand, following the arrow of the year). Here I read the words: MASK OF THE TEMPLE OF RURIK. Otherwise it seems PICTURES FROM THE TEMPLE OF RURIK .
On the hair above the forehead you can read the words: MIM OF THE TEMPLE OF RURIK. Zreshtoy, right-handed with a look of a peeping, on the left side of the disguise, you can read MASK OF ANATOLY Z RURIK YARU YUTLAND. First, it is confirmed here that the False Peter was called Anatoly, and, in a different way, it appeared that the wines were not like Holland, as they let in a lot of successors, but from the land of Denmark. Tue, moving from one country to another, like the 17th century, maybe not a big problem.
Then I'll move on to reading and write on the walls. You can read the words here: RIMA MIM. Still hanging around, Dane people and Dutchman z move, being an agent for Rome. Vzhe vzhe vkotre kіtsevym center diy against Rusі-Рії є Rome!
Ale chi can you reverify the assertion? - I look at the armor on the right hand, as well as the background behind the hand. True, for clarity of reading, I turn the whole fragment right-handed by 90 degrees (behind the year's arrow). And here on the aphids, looking at the hutra, you can read the words: MASK OF THE TEMPLE OF ROMEі ROMA MIM RUSSIA ROME. Otherwise, hang on to someone who can have a true image not of the Emperor of Russia, but of a priest of Rome! And on armor, hands can be read on two skin plates: ROMA MIM. RIMA MIM.
Nareshti, on a cunning commander, you can read the words with your left hand: RURIK ROME MIM.
In this rank, it became clear that the temples of Rurik founded the 18th century, those priests, creating portraits of dead people (the priests of the temple of Mari were engaged in the call), they wrote their titles and names. We ourselves were patted on the same portrait. However, in the Christian country (de Christianity became an official religion for more than a century), it was not safe to advertise the foundation of the Vedic temples, due to which the artist of his portrait became invisible.
Rice. 4. The death mask of Rurik is my reading of writing
Death mask of Peter.
Let's go and see foreign sites on the Internet. At the article, I read the section "Great Embassy" with a z_kavistyu. Zokrema, it said: The great embassy, which had 250 participants, left Moscow in the birch of 1697. Peter, having become the first king, was like a viihav beyond the borders of his kingdom. The official method of the embassy was the launch of a new coalition against the Ottoman Empire. However, Petro did not hide the secret of the fact that he had learned to “watch and learn”, and also to choose foreign fakers for him new Russia. At the Swedish city of Riga, the tsar was allowed to look around the fort, but he was the most surprised, and he was not allowed to walk around. In Courland (the ninth region of Lithuania and Latvia) Peter met with the Dutch ruler, Frederick Casimir. The prince, having tried to reconsider Peter, came to the yogo coalition against Sweden. At Koenigsberz, Petro saw the Friedrichsburg Fortress. Vіn taking part in the formation of artillery courses, and graduating from them with a diploma, sho zavіdchuє, scho "Petro Mikhailov took off the majsternist as a bombardier and novichki from the victorious fire brigade».
They gave a description of the observation by Peter Leeuwenhoek with a microscope and Witsen, who wrote a book with a description of pivnіchnoy and similar Tartaria. Ale most less zatsіkav description of yoga taєmnoї zustrіchi: “ Spring 11, 1697III. Nothing is known about their talks, except for the fact that the stench lasted two years and ended in friendly separation. At that hour, the English fleet looked like the best seen in the world. King William zapevniv that Peter was next to visit the English naval shipyards, learn to learn how to figure out the design of ships, carry out that calculation and learn how to make adjustments with accessories and tools. As soon as I arrived to England, I tried to pass under the window on the Thames» .
Blame the hostility that the best minds were gathered in England to replace Peter Anatoly.
In this article, the death mask of Peter the Great was published. Signed under it: "DeathmaskofPeter. After 1725, St Petersburg, original by Bartolomeo Rastrelli, after 1725, Bronze-tinted plaster. Case 34.5 x 29 x 33 cm. State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg" hair: MIMA RUSI ROMA MASK. It confirms that the image should not belong to the Emperor of Russia, Peter the First, but to the Roman priest Anatoly.
Rice. 5. Miniature of an unknown artist and my reading of writing
Miniature of an unknown artist.
Її I know for the address with the signature: “Peter theGreat (1672 - 1725) of Russia. Enamel miniature portrait by unknown artist, late 1790s. #Russian #history #Romanov”, Fig.5.
For an hour I can look around and find out what the most writings are on aphids. I did the miniature itself for contrast. Zliva that over the head of the portrait I read the captions: ROMA RURIKA YARA MARI TEMPLE I ROMA MIM, I ARKONI 30. In other words, now it is being specified in which very temple of Marie Rima the miniature was broken: near the capital of the state Rome, near the city of troch Kaira .
Evil in the face of the head on the equal hair, I read the words on the aphids: MARIE RUSSIA TEMPLE VAGRII. Possibly, the addresses of the deputy miniature. Nareshti, I read the inscriptions on the appearance of the character, on the left side of the face (there is a wart on the left side of the nose), and here you can read the thin cheeks below. ROMA MIM ANATOLY RIMA YARU STOLITSI. So, once again, the name of Anatoly is confirmed, now it is written in great letters.
Rice. 6. A fragment of a picture from the British Encyclopedia and my reading of writing
Picture of Peter from the British Encyclopedia.
Here I read the inscriptions on the fragment, de є bust portrait, fig. 6, although the picture is clearly wider, fig. 7. Prote I saw the very fragment of that rozmіru, yakі I was fully in power for epigraphic analysis.
The first one I wrote, which I became to read, is the image of the sun. On them you can read the words: TEMPLE OF ROME MIMA, and then - continuation on the upper lip: RURIK, and then - on the red part of the ruin: MARY TEMPLE MASK, and farther - on the lower lip: ANATOLY ROMA ARKONI 30. In addition, hanging on, we can confirm the previous writings: I renew the name of Anatoly, and bind to the temple of Marie Rurik the place of instruction from Kairom.
Then I read the writing on the comir: 30 ARKONA YARU. And then I’ll move on to looking at a fragment of a levoruch in the name of Peter, which I encircled with a black frame. Here I read the words: 30 ARKONA YARU, which has already been read. Ale let go new and wonderful words: ANATOLY MARY TEMPLE IN ANKARI ROME. The construction of a special temple dedicated to Anatoly is not so similar as the construction of such a temple in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. I have not yet read such words anywhere. Moreover, the word ANATOLYA can be understood not only as the name of the people, but also as the name of the people in Turkey.
For the time being, I respect the sufficient sight of the writings on the portraits. And they gave me the details of the replacement of the Russian tsar, which can be found in other robots on the Internet.
Rice. 7. Picture from the Encyclopædia Britannica on-line
Thought Wikipedia about the replacement of Peter the Great.
The article “Double of Peter I” Wikipedia states the following: “ Apparently, up to one version, the support of Peter the Great was organized by some powerful forces in Europe at the hour of the tsar's trip to the Great Embassy. It is believed that the Russian people, as if they were accompanying the tsar on a diplomatic trip to Europe, turned back only Alexander Menshikov - reshta, as if allowed, it was beaten. The method of this malice was to put his protégé on the choli of Russia, who, after pursuing a policy, was vigilant for the organizers of the government and quiet, who stood behind them. One of the possible goals is to replace the weakened Russia».
Respectfully, that the history of the change of the tsar of Russia has been conveyed to him only from the side of facts, and even more vaguely. Yakby herself The Great Embassy is little more than a metaphor for the creation of a coalition against the Ottoman Empire, and not a metareplacement of the real Romanov for his twin.
« It is believed that Peter I, behind the advice of his fellows, changed dramatically after his return from the Great Embassy. As a confirmation, portraits of the tsar are brought up before and after the return from Europe. It is confirmed that on the portrait of Peter before the trip to Europe, the new one looked like a wife, curly hair and a large wart under the left eye. On the portraits of the king, he turned from Europe in a new boulder round appearance, straight hair and a bule wart under the left eye. If Peter I turned from the Great Embassy, he was 28 years old, and on his portraits, after turning to you, it looked like there were close to 40 years. It is important that the king, before the trip, was a large statue and more than an average height, but still not a two-meter giant. Turning around, the tsar buv thin, mav with narrow shoulders, like a growth, which is set exactly, becoming 2 meters 4 centimeters. Floorings high people were a great honor at that hour».
My bachimo, that the authors of these rows in Wikipedia do not follow the quiet position, like the stench of the reader, although these positions are facts. How can one not remember such striking changes in soundness? Tim himself Wikipedia suggests the obvious position to reveal by some speculations, approximately like this: “ stverzhuєtsya". About those people who came from the embassy, bouldered another, you can bachiti, aligning whether or not with portraits in fig. 1-7 with the portrait of the tsar, which he saw, fig. 8.
Rice. 8. Portrait of Tsar Peter the First
The dissimilarity of implicit inscriptions in these two types of portraits can be added to the identity of the figure of an individual. Spravzhnіy Petro signed yak "Petro Oleksiyovich", False Petro on all five portraits - yak Anatoly. Hocha insults buli mіmami (priests) to the temple of Rurik Rome.
I will continue the quote from Wikipedia: “ At the thought of prihilniki in theory, move, nevdovzі after the arrival of a twin to Russia, the midst of the archers began to expand a little bit, that the king was not right. Peter's sister Sophia, realizing that an impostor had come to replace her brother, deceived the streltsy rebellion, a kind of suffocation, and Sophia was imprisoned to the monastery.».
Respectfully, that in times the motive of the rebellion of the archers and Sophia appears to be extremely serious, the same as the motive of Sophia’s struggle with her brother for the throne of the country, where only people reigned (the splendid motive of academic historiography), seems to be far-fetched.
« It is believed that Petro, having already loved his squad, Evdokia Lopukhina, often leafing with her, if he changed his mind. After the return of the tsar from Europe for yoga, Lopukhina was forcibly sent to the Suzdal monastery to supervise the will of the clergy (it is argued that Petro did not succumb to her and did not explain the reasons for bringing Lopukhina to the monastery).
It is important that after the turn of Petro, he did not know his relatives and did not learn from them, nor from his neighbors. In 1698, not long after Peter's turn from Europe, his associates Lefort and Gordon died in rapt fashion. At the thought of the conspiracy theorists, the same with their own initiatives, Petro broke up to Europe.».
I didn’t understand why Wikipedia calls this concept conspiracy. Pavel the First was beaten behind the nobles, the guards threw a bomb at the feet of Oleksandr the Other, the USA, England and Nimechchina hid the son of Mykoli the Other. Still hanging out, Zahid repeatedly got involved with the share of Russian sovereigns.
« The conspiracists of the conspiracy theory insist that, as a king, when he turns, he is sick to a tropical lihomania in a chronic form, even though you can only get infected in the fresh waters, and you can only be in the jungle. The route of the Great Embassy passing the pіvnіchny sea way. The documents of the Great Embassy, which were saved, do not think about those that the constable Petro Mikhailov (under the name of the tsar, violating the embassy) fell ill with a fever, just like for people, like yogo was accompanied, it was not a secret, which was truly Mikhailov. After the turn from the Great Embassy of Peter I, the hour of sea battles, demonstrating the great accomplishment of the boarding battle, which may have specific features, it is possible to master it with a more advanced path. Boarding combat beginners have an uninterrupted participation in rich boarding battles. Before the trip to Europe, Peter I didn’t take part in naval battles, so during the hours of his childhood and youth, Russia didn’t go to the seas for the wine of the White Sea, for which Peter I didn’t often - it’s more important as an honored passenger».
Why is it so obvious that Anatoly was a naval officer, who took part in the sea battles of the seas, having fallen ill to a tropical fever.
« Sterzhuetsya, scho tsar, sho turned, speaking rotten Russian, scho wine until the end of life did not learn how to write Russian correctly and that vin "hated everything Russian." Conspiracy theorists consider that before the trip to Europe, the tsar was rejoicing in piety, and turning around, ceasing to wait for fasting, looking at the church, slandering the clergy, starting the persecution of the old-timers and becoming a monasteries. It is important that Petro, for two fates, forgot all the sciences and subjects, with which the Moscow nobility was illuminated, and at the same time the skills of a simple master. Significantly, at the thought of conspiracy theorists, changing the character and psyche of Peter after the turn».
Well, it’s obvious, they’re obviously changing like sounds, and mov Peter, and call the little bell. In other words, Anatoly did not lean not only to the tsar's, but also to the nobility, being a typical representative of the third stage. In addition, do not think about those who Anatoly Shvidko speaking Dutch, who count a lot of successors. Still hanging around, looking like stars from the Dutch-Danish region.
« The tsar, having turned from Europe, is being reassured, not knowing about the place of distribution of the richest library of Ivan the Terrible, wanting the mystery of the knowledge of the library to be passed from the tsar to the tsar. So, Tsarina Sophia knew a little about where the library was located, and foresaw it, and Petro, who had come from Europe, repeatedly tried to try to find the library and organize excavations.».
I know a specific fact is seen by Wikipedia for the act of “confirmation”.
« As a proof of Peter’s pіdmіni, yoga behavior and vchinki are imposed (there are those who used to be the king, who was the traditional Russian robe, after turning from Europe, he didn’t wear more, including the royal robe with a crown - conspiracy theorists explain the remaining fact of the impostor, Peter and Mav had big big shoulders, and the speeches of the king didn’t come to him for peace), as well as the reforms carried out by him. It is argued that the reforms were initiated significantly more by the shkodi of Russia, the lower corist. As a proof of victoriousness, Peter’s enforcing the strong law, and re-examining the Old Believers, and those who, for Peter I in Russia, in the service of that in various settlements, there were impersonal foreigners. Before the trip to Europe, Peter I set out to expand the territory of Russia, including reaching out for a day at the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. One of the main goals of the Great Embassy was to achieve an alliance of European powers against Turechchini. At that hour, like a king, who turned around, starting a fight for the volodinnya of the Baltic shores. The tsar is conducting a war in Sweden, on the idea of conspiracy theories, it is necessary for the Western powers, as they wanted to destroy Sweden with the hands of Russia. It is argued that Peter I, having carried out an outward policy against Poland, Saxony and Denmark, could resist the Swedish king Charles XII».
It was clear that the raids of the Crimean Khans on Moscow were a permanent threat to Russia, and the rulers of the Osman Empire stood behind the Crimean Khans. For this reason, the struggle for the Turech region was for Russia's most important strategic enterprises, the struggle on the Baltic coast was lower. And the riddle about the Wikipedia of Denmark is solved by the writing on one of the portraits about those who Anatoly Bov was born in Jutland.
« As proof, to the right of Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich, who in 1716 moved across the cordon, de planning to arrive on the territory of the Holy Roman Empire, the death of Peter (whose period was seriously ill) and then, rushing to help the Austrian kings, by the way. At the thought of prihilniki in the version about the replacement of the king, Oleksiy Petrovich went to Europe, to that, having defied his right father, imprisoned before the Bastille. At the thought of Glib Nosovsky, the agents of the impostor voiced Oleksiya, that if you turn back, you can take the throne yourself, so that in Russia you can check the new vіysk, ready to support you come to power. Oleksiy Petrovich, how do the followers of the theory think, how to kill under the order of an impostor».
The first version appears more serious than the academic one, de sin opposes the father from the day-to-day mirkuvan, and the father, having not planted the son under the home arrest, zastosovuє I once found the world of punishment. Everything in the academic version looks inconsistent.
Version of Glib Nosovsky.
Wikipedia also publishes a version of new chronologies. " Behind the words of Glib Nosovsky, a bunch of wines are richly developed about the version about the replacement of Peter, but not at all in the price. In their own time, Fomenko and Nosovsky made an exact copy of the throne of Ivan the Terrible. At that hour, the signs of the zodiac of noble rulers were placed on the thrones. The following signs placed on the throne of Ivan the Terrible, Nosovsky and Fomenko declared that the actual date of the first people was considered according to the official version on chotiri rocky.
The authors of the "New Chronology" compiled a table of the names of the Russian tsars on those days of their people, and the beginnings of these tables stated that the official day of the birth of Peter I (May 30) does not coincide with the day of the angel, that it is commemorated by the superpower of the change of all kings. Even the names in Russia at baptism were given exclusively for the saints, and the name, given to Peter, disrupted the Bagatov tradition, which was formed, which by itself does not fit into the framework and law of that hour. Nosovsky and Fomenko, on the table, stated that the real names, as if falling on the official date of the birth of Peter I, were “Isakiy”. Tsim explains the name of the head cathedral of Tsarist Russia Isaakievskogo.
Nosovsky vvazha, that the Russian historian Pavlo Mіlyukov also thought about the falsity of the tsar from the article in the encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Euphron Mіlyukov, after the words of Nosovsky, not directly, repeatedly insisting that Peter I is an impostor. The tsar was undermined by an impostor, for the version of Nosovsky, like a group of Germans, and at the same time a group of foreigners came to Russia from a twin. Behind the words of Nosovsky, among the fellows of Peter, there were even more wide-ranging sentiments about the tsar’s support, and even then all the archers stupefied that the tsar was fake. Nosovsky vvazhaє, that on May 30, on the day of the birth, it was not Peter, but an impostor, who replaced yoga, for the order of which and the promptings of St. Isaac's Cathedral, names for yoga im'yam».
We have shown the name "Anatoliy" not to supersede this version, because the name "Anatoliy" was black, and not under the people. - Yak bachimo, "new chronologists" have added one more touch to the portrait of the impostor.
Historiography of Peter.
It would have been easier to have a look at the biographies of Peter the Great, the feast of life, and explain the rubbish about how to chirp us.
However, the rose itself is checking for us here. The axis of what can be read in the robot: " Among the people there were whispers about Peter's non-Russian adventure. Yogo was called the Antichrist, the German kid. The difference between Tsar Oleksiyem and the blue boulder of the pavement was wide open, which was suspected of the non-Russian travel of Peter blamed on rich historians. More than that, the official version of Peter's adventure was overly inconsistent. Vaughn overwhelmed her, she overwhelmed her with more power, lower opinions. A lot of stories were slandered to reveal the veil of marvelous ignorance about the Petrine phenomenon. Prote all tsі try mittevo drank under the most taboo of the ruling house of the Romanovs. The phenomenon of Peter is so unrecognizable».
So the people unambiguously stverdzhuvav, scho Peter pіdminili. Sumniv vinikli among the people, and inspire in historians. And then we read with a breath: Unforgettably, until the middle of the 19th century, no such practice was seen with the new historiography of Peter the Great. The first, who has seen the scientific and historical biography of Peter the Great, is the miraculous Russian historian Mykola Gerasimovich Ustryalov. At the entrance to your practice "History of the reign of Peter the Great" Vіn reports on what do (the middle of the 19th century) scientific work from the history of Peter the Great today". Axis like rozpochinalas tsya detective story.
Starting from Ustryalov, in 1711, Peter’s turn was on fire to celebrate the history of his kingship and entrusted me with honoring the mission of translating the Ambassador’s Order Venedikt Schiling. The rest of the boule was given all the necessary materials and archives, but… the work didn’t help the light, the manuscript didn’t save the precious arch. More enigmatic: “The Russian Tsar has no right to write about his exploits and to pass on the memory of his rights to a right, unadorned look. Dumku yogo was taken by the VikonatiFeofan Prokopovich , Bishop of Pskov, and patron of Tsarevich Oleksiy Petrovich,Baron Huysen . For this reason, official materials were brought to light, as can be seen from the work of Feofan, and it is even more clear to read the handwritten note of the Sovereign in 1714, which was saved in the office on the right side of yoga: “The magazines were all due to Gizen”(one). It would have been given, now the history of Peter I is seen, nareshti, near the world. Ale was not here: “A mystic preacher, a scholarly theologian, Feofan was not a historian... In addition, describing the battles of the wines, falling into inevitable pardons; besides, having worked with obvious haste, our vidkuruch, robbed of crossovers, as if he wanted to supplement his luck ". Like a bachimo, the choice of Peter was not far off: Feofan is not a historian and does not understand anything. Pratsya Huysena also appeared unsatisfactory and did not light up: "Baron Huysen, lolling in the hands of the right magazines of trips and more expensive, having surrounded themselves with transcripts from them until 1715, without any connection, plunging into the historical sources of a lot of rubbish and right-handed ones".
One word, not a biography, not a step. І the author comes to such a visnovka: “ The best censorship on the date to all historical records of Trival in the 19th century. So pratsyu N.G. Ustryalov, who was the first scientific historiography of Peter I, having recognized the most censorship. From the 10th volume, only a few verses from the 4th volumes were saved! The rest of the fundamental report about Peter I (1, 2, 3 tons, part of the 4th volume, 6 tons) in the short version was seen only in 1863! Today, it was actually spent and saved only in antique collections. The same share spіtkala practice I.I. Golikov "Dії Peter the Great", who had not seen each other since the past century! Notes of an associate and a special turner of Peter I A.K. Nartov's "Honourable rozpovidi and promotions of Peter the Great" were first revealed and seen only in 1819. With a scanty circulation of a small magazine "Sin of Batkivshchyna". Ale navіt thе vіdannya recognized nebachenoї edaguvannya, if vіd 162 opіdan was published less than 74.» .
The entire book by Oleksandr Kas is called "The Accident of the Empire of the Russian Tsars" (1675-1700), which conveys the establishment of the empire of the non-Russian Tsars. And in the IX chapter, under the title “Yak Peter the Tsar’s Dynasty Virizal,” he describes the stationing of the troops of Stepan Razin, 12 miles from Moscow. І він describes a lot of others tsіkavih, but practically nіdomih podіy. Prote does not give more information about False Peter.
Other thoughts.
I will repeat the quotes from the already named Wikipedia article: “It is confirmed that the twin of Peter was a certified sailor, that they took their part in rich sea battles, that they sailed richly near the pure seas. Some people are convinced that they are a pirate of the sea. Sergiy Sall respects that the impostor was a high-ranking Dutch Freemason and a relative of the King of Holland and Great Britain, William of Orange. It is more likely to guess that the right name of the twin was Isaac (for one version of yoga, Isaac Andre was called). On the thought of Baidi, the twin was born either in Sweden, or in Denmark, and for the confession of wines, better for everything, a Lutheran.
Bayda stverzhuє, that Peter was right at the Bastille, and that he himself vіn vіdomim in'yaznem, like a vіyshov in the history under the name of Zalіzna Mask. Behind Baidi's words, tsei v'yazen of records under the name of Marchiel, which can be interpreted as "Mikhailiv" (under the name of Petro virushiv before the Great Embassy). It is affirmed that Zalіzna Mask was of high stature, trimmed with goodness, and they were forced to do good with him. In 1703, Peter, behind the words of Baidi, was killed in the Bastille. Nosovsky stverzhuє that the right Peter was stolen and, more for everything, driven in.
Some people are convinced that the help of Petro was actually a deception of enticement from a trip to Europe, so that the deacons of foreign forces could seduce him and carry out the necessary policy for them. Having not waited for it, Peter was stolen or beaten in, and a double was placed on the yogo place.
In one of the variants of the version of Petrov's references, there are concentrations of evangelists and references at the Swedish fort. Youmu farted away to hand over the sheet to the King of Sweden, Charles XII, and that he did it in full. Later, Karl and Petro organized a campaign against the impostor, and then the Swedish army was defeated near Poltava by the Russian troops, cherished by the twin of Peter and the forces of the Zuyites and Masons, who should stand behind them. Peter I buv again skhopleniy i prihovaniya filed in the vіd Rosії - vyazneniya at the Bastille, de vin zgod i died. According to this version, the members of the cast saved Petra's life, helping to win yoga for their own purposes.
Baidi's version can be distorted by looking at the engravings of that hour.
Rice. 9. Vyazen near the flooding oil (illustration from Wikipedia)
Zalizna mask.
Wikipedia writes about this vyaznya: “ Zalizna Mask (Fr. Le masque de fer. Born around the 1640s, rozum. 19 leaf fall 1703) - a taєmnichiy vyazen under the number 64389000 hours of Louis XIV, who dwelt in different vyaznitsy, including (since 1698) the Bastille, and wearing an oxamite mask (pіznіshіi of the legends turned this mask on the zaliznu)».
Suspicion of something in the yaznya was like this: “ Duke of Vermandois, dearest son of Louis XIV and Louisy de La Valliere, who gave a nibito to his half-brother, the Great Dauphin, and redeemed the guilt of eternal confessions. The version is implausible, the shards of the real Ludovik of Bourbon died in 1683, at the age of 16.", for Voltaire -" Zalizna Mask" was the twin brother of Louis XIV. Dozens of different hypotheses have been hung over the years about what kind of trouble and the causes of this way of life”, deyakі Dutch writers admitted that “ Zalіzna Mask "- a foreigner, a young nobleman, chamberlain of Queen Annie of Austria and right father Louis XIV. Lagrange-Chansel tried to bringL'annee litteraire”(1759), that the Zalіzna Mask was not someone else, like the Duke Francois de Beaufort, which was more than askedN. Aulairein yoga"Histoire de la fronte". Dostovirnі vіdomosti about the "zaliznu mask" giving the first єzuїt Griffe, who was a confessor at the Bastille, at his own "Traité des differentes sortes de preuves qui servent à établir la vérité dans l'Histoire”(1769), de vin to direct the patron of Dujoncas, the royal lieutenant in the Bastille, and the list of the dead of the church of St. Paul. For this schodennik, on the 19th of spring, 1698, the fate of the island of St. Margaret was delivered from the burdens of yazen, for some kind of unknowing appearance, which was permanently covered with a black oxamite (and not a slick) mask».
Prote, in my opinion, the simplest method of re-verification is epigraphic. On fig. 9 pictured « Elm at the flood oil on an anonymous engraving of hours of the French Revolution”(that Wikipedia article itself). I have read the signature on the central character, fig. 10 slightly enlarged fragment.
Rice. 10. My reading of writing on the image "Zalіznoї mask"
I read the inscriptions on the wall above the bunks, starting from the 4th row of stone masonry above the stretch. І step by step moving from one row to the next, lower: MASK OF THE TEMPLE OF MARIA RUSSIA RURIK YARU SCHIFA MIMA SVITA OF MARIA MOSCOW RUSSIA I 35 ARKONI YARA. Otherwise it seems IMAGE OF THE PRIEST-SKYPH TO THE TEMPLE OF THE RUSSIAN GODDESS MARY RURIK YARA THE SVITE OF MARY OF MOSCOW RUSSIA AND THE GREAT NOVGOROD , which I do not see, I will write on the image of Anatoly, which was a mime (priest) of Rome (near Kahir), tobto, on the 30th of Arkoni Yar.
Aloe the most famous was written on a row of stone masonry on the equal head of the yaznya. An evil fragment її even more small for a rosemary, and having increased yoga 15 times, I read the words as a continuation of the previous write: CHARAON YARA RUSSIA YARA RURIK KING, and then I read the writing, chiming in great letters levoruch from the head: PETRA OLEKSIEVA, and right-handed in the head - MIMA YARU.
Otzhe, confirmation of the fact that the name of the "Zalіzna mask" and the name of Peter the Great is obvious. Truth, you can blame the food - why PETER OLEKSIEV , but not Petro Oleksiyovych ? But the tsar saw himself as the master Peter Mikhailov, and the people of the third camp were called something like this, like the Bulgarians at once: not Petro Oleksiyovich Mikhailov, but Petro Aleksiev Mikhailov.
Tim himself knew the epigraphic confirmation of Dmitry Baidi's version.
Rice. 11. Urbanoglyph of Ankari from the heights 15 km
Chi іsnuvav the temple of Anatolia? To see it on the chain, it is necessary to look at the urban glyph of Ankari, which is a view of the place from its height. To see this task, you can go back to the Google program "Planet Earth". The view of the place to the beast is called urbanoglyph. For some reason, a screenshot with the Ankari urbanoglyph of the testimony in fig. eleven.
Follow the respect that the image looked low-contrast, which is explained to the photographers from the companion through the whole crowd of atmospheres. But in this case, it is clear that the livoruch and more write: “Ankara” forgets the districts to approve the guise of a big-haired and bearded man in a leftist profile. And the livoruch (zahіdnіshe) of this individual is not known for the whole ordering of the quarters, forgetting that the district is named “Enimahalle”.
Rice. 12. Urbanoglyph of Ankari from the heights 8.5 km
Mene yakraz zatsіkavili qі two objects. I saw them from a height of 8.5 km and increased the contrast of the image. Now you can read the writing on the new one, fig. 15. True, the next sign that I wrote: “Ankara” is good, but I will write: “Enimahalla” has lost more than the remaining half.
Then you can understand that there, from a height of 15 km, no other system was visible, now from a height of 8.5 km letters are visible. Qi letters I read on the decryption field, fig. 13. So, above the fragment of the word "Enimahalle" I read the letter X of the word TEMPLE, moreover, the letters "X" and "P" are superimposed one on one, establishing the ligature. A troch below I read the word ANATOLY, so that the offense of reading the words will satisfy the shukane of the word TEMPLE ANATOLY . So such a temple was just built in Ankara.
Prote on whom the inscriptions of the Ankari urbanoglyph will not end. The word "Anatolia" is superimposed with the digits of the number " 20 ", and below you can read the words: YARA ARKONI. Ankara was once again the second Arkona Yar No. 20. And even lower I read the words: 33 YARA RIK. At the pererakhunka, on the name of us, the literal stink sets the date: 889 RIK VID RIVZDVA KHRISTOV . For everything, the stench means the date of the awakening of the temple of Anatolia in Ankara.
To come out, that the name of "Anatoly" is not in the name of the False Peter, but I will name the temple, in which the wines of the past were trained. Before speech, S.A. Sal, having read my article, admitting that the name of Anatoly was tied to Turkey, to Anatolia. I vvazhav tse admission is entirely plausible. Prote now, in the course of the epigraphic analysis, it was explained that this was the name of a particular temple near the city of Ankara, like Nina, the capital of the Turkish Republic. Otherwise, hanging on, the permission was concretized.
Proshum_lo, Shah, not the temple Anatolіya, removing his name V_d Cherkoye ІMENІ Lyzheptra, A, Napaki, Chernets І VOKOVATIVE VOLIA SIMEYSE OF ORANSKIKY RESTLYED HOUSE I CODE ІME AGENT AGENT VID NOD NODNESS.
Rice. 13. My reading written on the urban glyphs of Ankari
Negotiation.
It seems that such a historical event (more precisely, evil), like the replacement of the Russian tsar of the Romanov dynasty, requires a universal view. I tried to make my contribution and the way of epigraphic analysis, or confirm, or question the opinion of the investigators, like about the specialty of Peter the First in the slander, so about the specialty of the False Peter. I'm guessing, I'm far away to stick my head in both straight lines.
We have gone far enough to show that the Bastille was celebrated (since 1698) under the name of the “Zalіzna mask” by the true Tsar of Moscow, Peter Oleksiyovich Romanov. Now you can specify the fates of this life: he was born on May 30, 1672, and died not on September 28, 1725, but on the 19th leaf fall of 1703. - Formerly the remaining Tsar of all Russia (since 1682) lived not 53 years, but only 31 years.
Oskіlki The great embassy began from the birch of 1697 to the fate, then, more than for everything, Petro was bound by the full here on the example of 1697 to the fate, then he was transferred from the yaznitsa to the yaznitsa, until the wine was not drunk on the 19th of spring 1698 to the Bastille. Tue, vіn the moment buti poloneniya i 1898 fate. At the Bastille of wines, 5 years and exactly 1 month. Also, before us is not a black “conspiratorial” guess, but a victorious Sunset to the chance of subordinating the Tsar of Muscovy, who does not understand the dangers of the taєmnogo vіdvіvannya zahіdnih krajn. Zrozumіlo, yakbi visit buv official, pіdminiti tsar was richly folded.
As for the False Peter, it became clear that he was no less a protégé of Rome (moreover, the real one, the order of Cairo, and not the nominal one, in Italy), but having taken the name “Anatoliy” on the name of the Anatoly temple in Ankara . As at the time of the completion of the embassy, Peter was 26 years old, and Anatoly looked at 40 years, then the senior for Peter was at least 14 years old, so the fates of his life are as follows: he was born approximately in 1658, and died on September 28, 1725, having lived 67 rokiv, approximately twice as large as Peter.
Details of Anatoly as Peter are confirmed by five portraits, like looking at canvases, like looking at a death mask and miniatures. To see that the artists and sculptors miraculously knew who the stench was depicting, Peter was the secret of Polichinel. And to come out, that from the reign of Anatoly, the Romanov dynasty was interrupted not only along the lines of women (because after coming to Russia, Anatoly became friends with the Baltic low camp), but also along the lines of men, because Anatoly was not Peter.
Alas, it is clear that the Romanov dynasty ended in 1703, having been worn in 1613 for a total of 90 years. Tse - troch more for radian power, yak woke up from the leaf fall of 1917 to the serpen of 1991, tobto, 77 years. The Alecia dynasty was established from 1703 to 1917 years, for the period of 214 years, yet to happen.
And because on the rich portraits of Anatoly, the temples of Marie Rurik are seen, you cry out that these temples were successfully founded like in Europe, so in the empire of Osman, and in Egypt, for example, the XVII-ear of the XVIII century. not. so that a real attack on the temples of Rurik could only be started after the reign of Anatolia in Russia, who became a persecutor not only of Russian Vedism, but of Russian Christian law of Byzantium. The occupation of the tsar's throne gave the opportunity to step on Russian traditions and weaken the Russian people to the economic sense, and to strengthen the powers of Russia's rahunok.
The private sign of this epigraphic record was the recognition of the Church of Anatolia in Ankara and the recognition of the number of Ankari as the secondary Arkoni Yar. That was the twenty of Arkon Yar, which can be shown on the tables, adding її, fig. 15.
Rice. 14. Updated numbering table Arkon
It can also be seen that the role of Ankari in the role of Rome is still insufficient.
Visnovok.
It is possible that the Great Embassy of Peter in the Western Lands was prepared by Lefort and other acquaintances of Peter, but as one of the possible scenarios, and not with the method of knocking down the tsar and supporting him in a special way, but for getting to the bottom of the policy. The new one had a lot of reasons not to succeed. However, if it happened, moreover, in a secret rank, it could be done wrong by these foreigners, like a diplomatic protocol. More than anything, they showed up and others set it up, which made it easier to bury Peter in full. For example, rozsіyuvannya part of the mail for different reasons: some of the taverns, some of the girls, some of the doctors, some of the resorts. And if the deputy of 250 courtiers and the guard was lost for two dozen people with mail, the burial of the tsar's person became not too foldable on the right. It is quite possible that the intransigence of Peter and his principled principles from political and religious nutrition led the monarchs, that they accepted yoga, on the best of luck. Ale, for the time being, it’s worth letting go.
And as a result, the fact can only be considered one way: Petro was imprisoned before the Bastille as a “Zalizna mask”, and Anatoly, having become a beshketuvate in Russia, slandered the empire in an obscene manner. Although the word "king" meant "tse Yar", tobto, "tse - the messenger of the god Yar", then the same as "emperor" - that's just "volodar". Ale іnshі podrobitsі slid z'yasuvati z іnshih dzherel.
Tsar Fedir Oleksiyovich, son of Oleksiy Mikhailovich, dying childless, not acknowledging his decline. His elder brother Ivan Bov is weak and physically, and rozumovo. It was abandoned, as if the people had already given up, "buti in the kingdom to Peter Oleksiyovich," the sons of another squad of Oleksiy Mikhailovich.
Ale, the sister of John, the princess Sophia Oleksiivna, seized power, and the decimal Petro, without respect for those who were crowned at the same time with brother John and was called the king, being the king of disgrace. They didn’t say anything about vihovannya yoga, and vіn bv a lot of giving to oneself; ale, being endowed with the gifts of nature, he knew his own lover that friend in the name of a Genevan born, Franz Lefort.
To learn arithmetic, geometry, fortification and artillery, Petro knows his friend, the Dutchman Timmerman. Many Moscow princes did not take away scientific enlightenment, Petro was the first to hunt for science to foreigners. Zmov against this life did not go away, Sophia was tempted to drink in the Novodovichi monastery, and on 12 spring 1689 the reign of Peter the Great began, if it was a small 17 years. Here it is impossible to override all the glorious efforts of Peter's reforms, which gave him the honor of the Great; let's just say that he turned wine and turned Russia into a star of the Western powers and gave the first post to the point where she became the least powerful power. In his important work and turbot about his state, Petro did not hurt himself and his health. Our capital Petersburg was founded in 1703, on May 16, on the island of Lust-Eiland, taken from the Swedes. Peter the Great was the founder of the Russian military fleet and the regular army. Vin died near Petersburg on September 28, 1725.
Rozpovid Krivoshik
Petro 1 thematic image
1. Petro on the abyss of the sea battle. Having stayed at the Winter Palace, for example, the 19th century. Bulo transferred to Tsarskoye Selo. Startled by the robot of Jan Kupetsky, then - Tannauer. The attribution of Nikitin was the first vinyl in the 20th century, and it seems that it was not particularly supported by anything.
2. Peter I from the Uffizi Gallery. About the new one, I already wrote in the first post about Nikitin. For the first time, records were made in 1986, publications - in 1991. The authorship of Nikitinna is evidenced by the writing on the portrait and the technical expertise of Rimskoy-Korsakova. Tim is no less, more mysticists do not hasten to recognize the portrait of Nikitin's robot, relying on the low artistic level of the canvas.
3. Portrait of Peter I from the collection of Pavlovsky Palace.
A.A. Vasilchikov (1872) using yoga robot Caravacca, N.N. Wrangel (1902) - Matveeva. Qi X-rays should indicate the melancholy of the authorship of Nikitin, although not 100%. The date of the work is not clear. Petro looking older, lower in portraits No. 1 and 2. A portrait of a moment of creations before Nikitin's trip across the cordon, so after her. Yakshcho tse zvichayno Nіkitin.
4. Portrait of Peter I at the koli.
Until 1808, he was Archpriest of the Russian Church in London Y. Smirnov. Before 1930 - at the Stroganov Palace, at the same time at the State Russian Museum.
Attribution of Nikitin vinyl when transferred to the Russian Museum. Idstava: “Trusting the senses of that eye, the scholars without mercy named the author – Ivan Nikitin.” The attribution of the bula was put under sumniv Molova and Belyutinim. For the sake of expertise, the technique of the sheet looks like the technique of Nikitin and the Russian portraits of the Petrine hour. Prote author's corrections zmushuyut vvazhat that the portrait is written from nature. (IMHO - it's true that you can't say about the three front portraits).
Androsov to rob wisnovok: " the only artist, What a moment to create in Russia such depth and breadth of Ivan Nikitin "
The argument is "zalizobetonny", what can you say here))
5. Peter I on his deathbed.
In 1762 p. having entered the Academy of Mystics from the Old Winter Palace. In the description of 1763-73 p. appearing as “Portrait of the Handwritten of the Dry Sovereign Emperor Peter the Great”, the author of non-domes. In 1818 p. vvazhavshis robot Tannauera. At 1870 p. P.M. Petrov, attributing to the robot Nikitin vihodyachi from the notes of A.F. Kokorinova. It is worth respecting that the note of no one from the successors, the crime of Petrov, is not bachelor, and here the very same story is repeated, which seems to be the “portrait of the underdog hetman”.
Potim, right up to the cob 20 tbsp. the authorship of the portrait was "dili" by Tannauer and Nikitin, then the authorship of the rest was confirmed.
Technological research carried out in 1977 Rimskaya-Korsakova, confirmed that the author was Nikitin. I’ll respect myself that the coloring of the robot is even more foldable, which may not be used in Nikitin’s other robots (for example, the portrait of Stroganov, painted at about the same hour). imagine Petro images at a folding angle, ale drapiruvannya, as a way to cover up your body looking shapeless. Tse zmushuє zgadati Іnshі authentic works of Ivan Nіkіtіn, de mitets vіdmovlyаєєєєєєі іd foldable modelyuvannya tіla tіla tіla tіla prikryvaє torso zobrazhuvannoy tkaninoy.
Examine other images of Peter I on his deathbed.
One painting is attributed to Tannauer. Here, the late emperor lies approximately on the level of the painter's eyes, which is seen from a folding angle (for example, "Nikitin" did not even fit in). At the same time, the little ones and the painting of the songs, and especially the lesser work, should be navit more, lower "Nikitinska".
The third picture, in a free copy of the other one, and in some dzherelakh, is also attributed to Nikitin. I especially wonder that such an attribution does not supersede for Nikitan canvases. How could Ivan Nikitin instantly create two images of the dead Peter I, and why are they so different for artistic achievements?
6. One more portrait of Peter I, which was previously introduced by Nikitin's robot. Yogo is now attributed to Caravaca. The portrait is already blowing up in front of us.
7. Another portrait of Peter I, attributed to Nikitin. Found at the Pskov Museum-Reserve, dated to chomus 1814-16.
I suppose, for sure, that Nikitin's portraits of Peter I are attributed to him strongly differ among themselves, both for equal craftsmanship, and for the style of vikonnanny. The style of the king is also transmitted in a different way. (In my opinion, the act is less similar to “Peter on the sea battle” and “Peter from the Uffici”). Everyone hesitates to think that portraits lie on the penzly of various artists.
You can pick up deaky pidbags and express deaky hypotheses.
The myth "Ivan Nikitin - the first Russian painter" began to form, maybe, on the cob 19 tbsp. For a hundred years, after epochs have passed, since the artist has worked, Russian art has made a majestic scene ahead of time, and portraits of the Peter's hour (like painting in a blur) were more primitive. Ale Ivan Nikitin mav svoryuvat shchos vyznachne, and, for example, a portrait of Stroganov to such people of the 19th century. obviously didn't work. Nadali camp changed little. Talanovity, maisterno vikonani roboti, such as "Portrait of Chancellor Golovkin", "Portrait of Peter the Great at the Col", "Portrait of the Podlog Hetman" were attributed to Nikitin without any particular evidence. In quiet moods, if the artistic rіven robs even higher, Nikitin's authorship was put under doubt, in his own mind, obvious evidence was ignored. Moreover, such a situation is saved until the next hour, why are the portraits of Peter and Catherine from the Uffizi.
Everything is summarily. Artistic scholars can easily ignore such evidence of authorship, such as writing on the pictures and the results of the examination, as these data are not included in their concept. (I don’t insist that it’s absolutely wrong to prove it. It’s just that if you don’t stink, then what? It’s not bittersweet and mystical, it’s like giving even different results). The essence of the current concepts is often marked by opportunistic moments.
