"The White Guard", a novel. Bila Guard Who wrote the novel Bila Guard
M.A. Bulgakov "Bila Guard" A look back and analysis of the novel (ch. 1, part 1)
Respect and recognition of a wide number of readers M. A. Bulgakov began to win on the cob of the seventies of the twentieth century. Yoga books were read secretly, even though there was no official fence on them.
The share of the writer was important, ale vignatkovo happy. The novel "Bila Guard" is one of the most important works of the writer. Started publishing in 1925 in the magazine "Russia".
Follow the respect for the epigrapher to the first part of the "White Guard". The author directs here a quote from A.S. The crooked hours of the Pugachevshchina, described in the "Captain's Donets", are suddenly guessing. Conducting parallels and spіvvіdnosyachi words, blamed for the epigraph, for an hour in the "Biliy Guard", it's reasonable, scho mova time about other Pugachov, modern, illuminating those with other purposes. Ale, after all, Bulgakov adds rows of his links to the classics, and to the historicism of A. Z. Pushkin. The author of the novel may have a clear subdivision of political forces, head playful heroes a novel, a reading of the development of their goals. And already for the name of the novel, as if to know, until what time to lie down, it becomes clear that there will be others, they will have forces.
It is an accurate indication of the hour of what is happening - 1918, after the revolution, a kind of “great and terrible”. There is a description of two planets - Venus and Mars. Venus Bulgakov calls "shepherd", Mars - "chervonim, three-fold". Tim himself is vindicated as a resistance, and he is the union of two forces - working, calm and peaceful, and revolutionary.
And let the author know us from the family of Turbins. Your house, the way of life - everything is in the soul of that hour, if the stench was vihovani, happy hour. Mothers were commended for that, if, it would have been better, life without a turbot was not enough, family - Donka Olena became friends with Captain Sergius Ivanovich Talberg, senior son Oleksiy Vasilyovich Turbin turned from long trips.
Geographically and mіstsevі name precisely, scho vozlivu the reality of history, robbing її more life, and that more emotionally accepted by the reader. In the future, we know that Anyuta still grew up in Turbina's house, and Mikolka is the youngest son of this family. You don’t understand, now you need to pick up your mother at once, if the whole family is in the collection. Also, I’m still not wise, but everything that doesn’t seem to be, is better. I truly - those who are far away, their mothers would not have survived.
Potim - zovsim nedovga more expensive in the past, richly fateful to death. Children are still called small. Quiet old-fashioned atmosphere in the booth - a kahelna pіchka, a yearbook, the incomparable smell of needles, like breasts, and colored candles on the green berries of the yalinka ... A lot of respect is added to the description of the yearbook, which "lived" in Turbiny's booth for a long time. The stinks beat the skin in their own way, and it seemed that if the stench stopped beating, then in the donkey camp it would be boring. One year, bought by the father, survived the same, under їhnіy bey all children grew up. Godinnik is immortal, good luck.
A lot of respect is attached to speeches. Victory is based on the reception of the characteristics of the heroes through the environment, which is familiar to them. It’s not like Bulgakov is with him, if he has the soul of Turbine’s twisting. I would rather describe my house, and I will understand everything. It is easy to introduce a scribe to the reader at the hour when the novel is born, “soothing” with speeches that “linger” at the hero’s booth. All descriptions are realistic and detailed. The name of the city is not mentioned, but already on the cob it is clear that the language is about Kiev.
Mother died and commanded Olena only one thing - to live together. But how can you live together, just live at such an hour? Olena, Oleksiy and Mikolka are more young than ever, and in the night it is already cold winds, the earth grumbles under your feet. This terrible eighteenth century is reaching its end, and no one knows that it is ready to attack, wanting to know everything miraculously, that nothing is good.
The first part has one more epigrapher: "I was judged by the dead for writing in books, apparently to the point of their rights ...". Vіn captures from the Confessions of John the Theologian, and in simple terms - to the "Apocalypse". Having read on the cob rozpovidі tsі rows, mimvolі zgaduєsh їх pіznіshe. On the occasion of the first dispensation, father Oleksandr read out loud to Oleksiy, who whispered in the new breath after the death of his mother, the words “The third yangol poured their cup into the rivers, that dzherela of waters; and became blood. Such is Kiltseva, the composition is closed on the cob to Nevipadkov’s novel – the author turns the reader to understanding the rows, quotations on the cob. So, having mentioned the main theme that permeates the entire Tver, the author recognizes the great power of this book - "Apocalypse".
The manner of Bulgakov's explanation is profoundly symbolic. The whole novel is such a small part - the first division, permeated with images-symbols, images-mysteries: It was conceivable without any explanations that it is possible to go about the future, the future, the future, the future is not the best, the future is more terrible: Captain's Donka sleep by the stove. Foretelling the prophecy of all of the same Apocalypse, even more close to the life of our heroes, written specially for them. So, Bulgakov's concern for the share of Pushkin's recession, which is dear to the writer himself, and the unrecognizable secular literature, is a little obvious.
For an hour, take a look at father Oleksandr Oleksiy to marvel at the window: “The jacks at the church yard closed up the priest’s hut. It seemed that at once, behind the wall of a cramped office, crammed with books, the spring begins, the forest's entangled entanglement. And yet again - a prophecy of the future, entangled, dark and unreasonable, like the whole forest behind the windows. It is clear that you happen to go through the faceless poneviryan, the rivers of blood and death, the first understand and chime, so you check for the dark forests, then if you stop blowing the cold wind, stop spinning the snowstorm and rumble the earth.
Bulgakov's "White Guard", a short film, which is unlikely to represent the whole mud of creation, describes the beginning of the 1918-1919 rock. This book is rich in why it is autobiographical: on the її sides the author himself, his friends and relatives are present. Diya to the novel, the posture of doubts is seen in Kiev, which is simply called a place. In the "pseudo-names" the streets are easily guessed at the originals, and the names of the districts (Pechersk, Podil) Bulgakov zovsim zashiv without changes.
The situation near the city
The townspeople have already experienced a short "coming" of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Viddana by the allies, the White Guards spread out in the open. The novel, a short replacement for some of the ideas below, resurrects the nightmare of post-revolutionary Kiev life all over the world. At the moment, when the foundations begin, the place experiences the rest of the days under the hetman's rule, which is supported by the Germans.
On the Oleksiyskiy uzvozi, in booth No. 13, the sacks of the family of Turbinikh: 27-river Oleksiy, 24-river Olena and Mikolka, who is only 17 years old. The explanation is based on the fact that on a frosty chest evening, lieutenant Mishlaevsky, frozen to death, falls near the apartment. From this rozpovіdі it is clear that in the army this zrada is rozbrіd. Late in the evening, the man Deer turns around, Sergiy Talberg is a useless person, as if he is ready to stand up to any boss. Vіn povidomlyaє retinues, scho zmusheny negainno tіkat: nіmtsі deprive the capital.
Illusions and unknown hopes
At the city, squads are actively formed for the defense against Petlyura. Numbers of divisions were raised, in some of the 120 junkers 80 they did not dare to shoot, and she herself, who is most likely to cheer for the amount of life and endure the inevitable famously White Guard. Short zmist Podіy hardly chi can adequately describe the catastrophe in the distance.
Somewhere in the city still have rainbow illusions. Turbines and friends of the same kind did not waste their hopes on a good result. In the depths of the soul, the stench is spitting hope, here on the Don - Denikin and the White Guard is unbearable. Three roses at Turbiny's apartment are celebrated with a touch of hostility: fairy tales about the miracle of the emperor's order, toasting for his health, talk about the future "advance on Moscow."
Bliskavichna war
The hetman lives like hell, commanders of the military generals inherit this butt. At the headquarters of the rogue. The officers, who have not lost their conscience, advance a special warehouse and give young lads, who may give children the opportunity to turn around. Others throw unprepared, filthy junkers thrown to death. In the middle of the rest - Mikolka Turbin, 17th commander of a detachment of twenty-eight officers. Otrimavshi order virushiti "on pіdkriplennya", lads do not reveal anyone in position, and yet for sprat khvilin squander the surplus of colonel Nay-Tours's child, like a guine in the eyes of the young Turbіn, trying to cover with machine-gun fire panіchne "vіdstup" zahisnik
The capital was taken by the Petliurists without a fight - the Zhalugidna could not give it, the White Guards were divided. To read a short omen in the farther part of the unfortunate - won't be avenged by a young lad, hit by the young Turbinim on Oleksivsky: Priyshov Petliura, and in the new million of Viysk.
The theme of God in the novel "Bila Guard"
Mikoltsy himself goes on the eve of the evening to reach the house, destined to know the bleed, swindled Olen: Oleksiy did not turn around. To bring the older brother until the next day, the unknown, who vryatuval yoga, - Julia Reiss. Yoga camp is critical. If typhoid fever is added to the fever caused by the wounded, the doctors say that Turbine is not a bagman.
In Bulgakov's works, the theme of religion is a manifestation of everyday life. Did not become a vineyard and "Bila Guard". A short zmіst of prayer, like Olen to bring to the Mother of God, guess the favor: take the person, but the brother is left out. And it’s a wonder: hopeless ailments are on the mend and dressed up until the moment Petlyura leaves the place. At the same time, Olena finds out from the taken off sheet that the person has left.
On whom the turbines will come to an end. A new company of friends, who helped: Mishlaevskiy, Shervinskiy, Karas, is going to the Oleksiyskiy heat junction again.
…and the theme of the devil
Take your life: Mikolka and Oleksiy Turbini are huddled on Malo-Provalny Street. The youngest one enters Nai-Tursiv: Yogo is attracted by the sister of the dead colonel. The elder went to speak his ryativnitsy and know that she is dear to you.
At Reis Oleksiy's booth, take a photo of a person, asking who you need to know: a cousin who went to Moscow. Julia Breshe - Shpolyansky її kokhanets. A nickname, called a ryativnitsa, called out to the doctor “I don’t accept, I’m thinking a thought”: about which “cousin” he said the Turbine of “breakdowns” in the national religion, the patient was like a forerunner of the Antichrist: “Vin young. Ale gidoti in the new, like a thousand-year-old devil ... ".
Surprisingly, the Radyansk Union saw the "Bila Guards" - an analysis of the text, navit superficially, giving a clear understanding, that Bulgakov vvazhav bіshovikіv girshoy z threats, "aggels", followers of Satan. From 1917 to 1921, Ukraine was a kingdom of chaos: Kiev, having leaned on the authorities first of one, then of other "benevolent ones", as if they could not live in one with one, with none of them - and as a result, they turned out to be unable to fight against the dark force. yak was pulled out of Pivnochi.
Bulgakov and the revolution
Under the hour of reading the novel "Bila Guards" analysis, in principle, no matter what: the author hangs out straight. Mihailo Panasovich, posing badly before the revolution: for example, in the description of the "Coming Prospects" he unequivocally gives an assessment of the situation: the country appeared "in the very days of slander and dashing, it was driven into yak її by the" great social revolution ".
Ani do not superechit such a light-gazer and "Bila Guard". A short zmіst cannot convey the infamous mood, but you can clearly see the hour of reading the new version.
Hatred is the root of what is happening
The author, in his own way, understood the nature of the cataclysm: “in the chotiri, thousands of peasants with their hearts burn with nevgamov’s anger.” And the revolutionaries wanted one thing: such an agrarian reform, for which the land would be given to the villagers - in eternal freedom, with the right to transfer it to children and onuks. It’s even more romantic, but wise Bulgakov’s mind, that “the love of the hetman couldn’t make such a reform in a moment, that one can’t make such a reform.” Needless to say, Mikhailo Panasovich was right: as a result of the arrival of the Bilshoviks, the villagers hardly stumbled into a shorter camp.
Hours of great shocks
Those who make people shy on the ground and in them hate cannot be good. The stupidity of the fact that Bulgakov is demonstrating chitachev, vikoristovuyuchi urivchasti, but unforgettable images. The “Bila Guard” explained them: the axis lives up to the midwife of a man, who has a squad of people. Submit the "wrong" document to the film petliurist - and rub it with a saber. Behind a stack of firewood haidamaks look like a Jew and beat Yogo to death. Navit plunder by bandits under the eagle-eyed obshuku, the greedy Turbine householder to add a touch to the picture of that chaos, which, obviously, was brought by the “little man” revolution.
For those who want to understand more deeply the essence of the beginnings of the twentieth century, do not know a better assistant, lower Bulgakov's "Bila Guard". Reading a short essay about creative work is the share of poor schoolchildren. Tsya book is insanely meritorious for the best share. Written in miraculous penetrating prose, it looks like a guess, like an unperfect master of the word buv Mikhailo Bulgakov. "The White Guard", a short zmіst like in different versions it propagates the all-world merezh, to belong to the same category of literature, to know it better, as close as possible.
"Bila Guard" - Bulgakov's greatest novel!
Die Creativity is bursting forth in 1918-1919 fates at the unknown Mist N, as if predicting Kiev. Vіn occupied by the German occupiers, power is in the hands of the hetman. Mustaches check if Petliura's soldiers see the place. Life near the village flows marvelously and unnaturally.
At the house of Turbіnikh lords and guests sіm'ї to conduct a conversation about the share of the beloved Mist. Oleksiy Turbіn of the upheavals, which is the hetman's fault, who hasn't formed the Russian army at all. Then Misto would stand far away, there would be no vryatuvat Russia and Petliur’s viysk.
The man of the Deer Sergiy Talberg seems to be the one who, together with the Germans, is on the train. Vіn spodіvaєtsya, scho for a few months will arrive with Denikin's army. I don’t take the captain’s squad from me.
To defend against the Petliur army, form Russian divisions. Karas, Mishlaevsky and senior Turbin go to serve to Malishev. Until the coming night, the hetman at once with General Belorukov will go with a German pull. The Colonel is disbanding his army, for the Lord's power is already dumb.
Colonel Nai-Tours to the chest form another one of the first squads. Under the threat of colt wines, the head of the post was sent to see winter clothes for his soldiers. The attacking wound of the Petliurist army is advancing on Misto, the soldiers of the colonel are eager to go near the bey. Nai-Tours sends rozvіdnikіv dіznatіs, de Hetman's parts. It appears, there is nowhere. It becomes obvious to the colonel that the stench has been consumed to the pasta.
Mykola Turbin, at the command of the commander, comes to the appointed place. There, a terrible picture stands in front of him: Nai-Tours shouting to us soldiers, tearing all documents, chasing and chasing badges, throwing armor and hovatsya in Ukrainians. In the eyes of Turbin, Colonel Guinet saw a fire wound. Kolya tries to get to the booth.
Senior Turbin, who did not know about the dissolution of the army, was headquartered. There, they will succumb to the abandoned army and Malisheva, who explains that the Petliurist army has taken Misto. Oleksiy sees a chase and go home, but along the way, Petlyura’s soldiers shoot at him. The wounded Turbine is taken by an unknown woman, Yulia Reiss, and the next day she helps him get home. Larion, the brother of Sergius, comes to Turbinim and stays in them.
Lisovich Vasil Ivanovich, keeper of the house, where Turbinya lives, settles in the first version. The family of Turbins is different. Before the entrance of Petlyurivtsiv at Misto, Vasil's hovae at the skhovanka decorate that penny. Behind him it is respectful to stitch and the coming day є ozbroєni lads with a coat. Instead of a skhovanka, they take away the ruler’s birthday. Friends of the Lisovichi suspected that they were evil and asked for help from the Turbins. To help them send Karas.
Mykola tells the story of Nai-Turs about yoga death. To know the body of the deceased from the sister of Colonel Iroy Vіn. At night, yoga is practiced.
After a few days after the wounded Oleksiy was seriously ill, the doctors talk about death. Yogo sister curls up at her room and prays to the Mother of God, so that Lyosha is alive. If you don’t want to say, don’t let the man turn around better, and your brother will be left alive. Raptom Turbіn come to you in the eyes of the afflicted doctor.
In a month or so, we will encourage Alyosha to come to Julia Reiss and hand over her bracelet to his dead mothers as a token of gratitude for the order. Turbine asks if you can come to the guest. By the way, see your brother, who is going to see sister Nai-Turs.
Reindeer come up to the leaf in the form of a close friend, de podomlyaєєєєє, її її її її її її її мілії міїні podruzhuєєz їїї іншою іншою. Woman, weeping, guessing about that night prayer.
Go to the fierce petliurivtsi. Bilshoviki are rapidly approaching Mist.
A short retelling of "The Bila Guards" by a short-time writer Oleg Nikov for a student.
The analysis of Bulgakov's "The White Guard" allows us to report on the first novel in his creative biography. Some describe the stories that happened in 1918 in Ukraine at the hour of the Gromadyan war. Rozpovidaetsya about this family of intellectuals, as if trying to survive for the minds of serious social cataclysms in the country.
History of writing
Analysis of Bulgakov's "The White Guard" follows the history of writing to creation. The author hovered over him pratsyuvati in 1923 roci. Apparently, there were a few options for names. Bulgakov also chose between "Bilim Cross" and "Pivnichny Cross". Vin himself knew that he loved the novel more for his other speeches, saying that if he saw "the sky would become hot."
Yogo knew they guessed that they wrote "Bila Guards" in the nights, if their feet and hands were cold in it, asking for water to be warmed up, in a kind of wine they played.
With whom, the cob of work on the novel began with one of the most important periods in one's life. Todі vіn vіn vіdverto vіduvav, pennies did not hang on їzhu, robes ripped. Bulgakov whispered a one-time incantation, writing feuilletons, slipping the proofreader's bindings, dabbling in his hour of his novel.
At the sickle of 1923, the fate of the wines was made, that I finished the black. In the fierce 1924, you can tell riddles about those that Bulgakov, having begun to read jokes about the work of his friends, know.
Publication to creativity
At the end of 1924, Bulgakov made an agreement about seeing the novel with the magazine "Rosiya". The first distributions were published approximately every other day. At the same time, there were only 13 more pochatkovs, after which the magazine closed up. I finished the novel with a book, it was written in Paris in 1927.
In Russia, the text was seen in its entirety only after 1966. The manuscript of the novel was not saved, so it is unknown, like a canonical text.
In our hour, one of the most famous works Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov, as if repeatedly screened, was staged on the stage of dramatic theaters. Vono is respected by one of the most important and most beloved riches by generations working for the career of the famous writer.
Podії rozgortayutsya between 1918-1919 rokіv. Place їх - unnamed Place, in which one guesses Kiev. For the analysis of the novel "Bila Guards" it is important, de smutting the action. At the Mist, stand the German occupation troops, and then everyone checks for the appearance of the army of Petlyura, fights for less than a kilometer away from the Mist itself.
On the streets of the Meshkants, one feels unnatural and even more wondrous life. A lot of people came from St. Petersburg and Moscow, among them journalists, dilka, poets, lawyers, bankers, yakі straight to the city after the new hetman's spring 1918 fate.
At the center of the opovіdі - the family of Turbіnh. The head of the family is the doctor Oleksiy, his younger brother Nikolka, who is the rank of non-commissioned officer, his sister Olena, and also friends of the whole family - lieutenants Mishlaevsky and Shervinsky, lieutenant Stepanov, who is distinguished by the sound of Karasem. Usі discuss the share of that future of the Mіsta they love.
Oleksiy Turbіn vvazha, that the hetman is to blame for everything, which is why they are pursuing a policy of ukranizatsii, not allowing the rest of the formation of the Russian army. І akscho yakbi army bula formed, then Misto would have stood in the distance, under yogo walls would not have stood at once the military Petliuri.
Immediately there is a man Deer, Sergiy Talberg - an officer of the general staff, who stuns the squads, that the Germans plan to leave the place, that it is necessary for him to go on the staff train today. Talberg sings that in the coming months he will turn back with the army of Denikin. At the same time, she climbs to the Don.
Russian military molding
To protect the place from Petliura, Russian military lands are being formed near Mista. Turbin Sr., Mishlaevsky and Karas should serve under the command of Colonel Malishev. Ale, the formations of the division are released already in the coming night, if it becomes clear that the hetman utik from Mist on the German train at once from General Belorukov. There is no one else for the division to steal, because it has not lost its lawful power.
At this hour, Colonel Nai-Tours is entrusted with the task of shaping the okremy zagіn. Vіn threaten to send the head of the post office to the head, because you are afraid of the impossibility of fighting without winter equipment. At the result of the yoga junker, the necessary hats and felt boots are taken.
14 chest Petlyura attacks Misto. The Colonel takes a direct request to defend the Polytechnical Highway for the need to accept a battle. At the end of the battle of Chergovy, they ruled a small zagіn of recognition, de Hetman's parts. Strongly turn around with the novelty, but there are no parts, in the vicinity they shoot from machine guns, and the city of the enemy is already at Mist.
Death of Nai-Turs
Not long before that, Corporal Mikoli Turbіn was ordered to lead the team behind the song route. Arriving at the place of recognition, the young Turbine guards the junkers, what to run, and feel the command of Nai-Tours, chasing and refusing, negligently hovatisya.
With this, the colonel hides the junkers to the rest, who are coming. Vin is dying in front of Mikoli. Turbine's enemies are getting to the booth by wires.
At the end of the day
Tim hour Oleksiy Turbіn, who was unaware of the dissolution of the division, є at the recognized place that hour, de waking up, in yaky large number thrown zbroї. Tilki Malishev explains to you that those who seem to be around, Misto is in the hands of Petliuri.
Oleksiy spares the chase and makes his way home, spying on the corner of the enemy. The soldiers know from the new officer, to the one who lost his cockade on his daddy, stink to fix him again. Oleksiy to injure at the hand, yoga is an unknown woman, whose name is Yuliya Reise.
The vranci maiden delivers the Turbine to your home.
Relative from Zhytomyr
At the same time, Talberg's cousin Larion arrives at the guest to Turbine from Zhytomyr, who recently experienced a special tragedy: Yogo was left by the squad. Lariosik, like yoga everyone starts to call, befits the Turbins, that family knows yoga even more attractive.
Vlasnik budіvlі, in which Turbini live, the name is Vasil Ivanovich Lisovich. Before that, like Petlyura, enter at the place, Vasilisa, so everyone calls him, sporudzhuє skhovanka, in a kind of costlyness and pennies. Ale, at the vikno for yoga diami, the unknown was surprised. Nezabar until the new one declares unknown, from which stench you immediately know a skhovanka, take away from them other valuable speeches of the house management.
As long as the unfortunate guests are coming, Vasilisa is wise, they were the ultimate bandits. Vіn run for help to the Turbines, so that the stench vryatuvali yogo in the face of a possible new attack. The crucian carp, like the team of Vasilini Vanda Mikhailovna, like a stingy lover, once put veal and cognac on the table. The crucian carp wants to get enough and is deprived of protection for the safety of the family.
Mikolka near the relatives of Nai-Turs
In three days Nikoltsy will try to find the address of Colonel Nai-Tours. Vіn virushaє to yoga mother that sister. Young Turbine tells about the rest of the life of an officer. Together with yogo sister Irina, they go to the morgue, they know the body of that power.
Oleksiya became the same. A new one has a wound and typhus is beginning to break out. Turbine to marinate, at the new one it rises high temperature. A consultation of doctors verifies that the sick person will soon die. At the same time, everything develops behind the worst scenario, the agony begins in the sick. Olena pray, locking herself in the bedroom, to vryatuvat brother in death. Nezabarom likar, like a cherguy when the patient is ill, zdivuvannyam povodlyaє, scho Oleksiy svіdomostі i ide to recover, the crisis has passed.
For a sprig of tizhniv, residually dressed, Oleksiy їde to Yuliya, as if vryatuvala yoga in the vіrnoї death. Vіn handing over my bracelet, if your mother died lying down, and then ask for permission to be in it. On the way back, you will see Mikolka, who turns around in the direction of Irini Nai-Tours.
Olenі Turbіnіy come to a leaf in the form of її Warsaw girlfriend, like rozpovida about Thalberg's possible teammates on their bedroom friend. The novel ends with Olena saying her prayer, until she has gone through it more than once. At night against the 3rd fierce Petliurivsky Viysk come out of Mist. In the distance the artillery of the Chervonoy Army rumbles. Vaughn go to the place.
Artistic features of the novel
Conducting an analysis of Bulgakov's "The White Guard", it should be noted that the novel is insanely autobiographical. Almost all characters can know prototypes in real life. All friends, relatives, or know Bulgakov and his yoga sim'ї, as well as significant military and political posts of that hour. To create nicknames for Bulgakov's heroes by choosing less easily changing the nicknames of real people.
The analysis of the novel "Bila Guards" was carried out by a lot of investigators, and they were able to inspect the share of characters practically with documentary authenticity. In the analysis of Bulgakov's novel "Bila Guards" there are a lot of people who support the creation in the scenery of real Kiev, which the author knows well.
Symbolism of the "White Guard"
Conducting a brief analysis of the "Bila Guards", the following designate what are the key symbols in the creations. For example, in Mista, the writer’s fatherland is small, and the budinok sprouts from a real budinok, with whom the family of Bulgakov lived until 1918.
For the analysis of the creation of the "Bila Guard" it is important to sort out symbols that are insignificant at first glance. The lamp symbolizes the closure of light and the lull that the Turbine pans, the snow is the bright image of the Gromadyan war and the revolution. Another symbol important for the analysis of Bulgakov's work "Bila Guard" is the cross on the monument dedicated to St. Volodymyr. Vin symbolizes the sword of war and the terror of the people. The analysis of the images of "The White Guard" helps to better understand what you want say sim creative author.
Alusions in romance
For the analysis of Bulgakov's "The White Guard" it is important to remember the allusions, like the faults of coincidences. Let's bring up less sprats of applications. So, Mikolka, who comes to the mortuary, pays more dearly to the nursery. Zhah and unreturnedness of the comings, which are put on the place of the Apocalypse, you can prostrate for appearing in the place of Shpolyansky, who is respected by the "forerunner of Satan", a chitach may have a clear hostility, that the kingdom of the Antichrist will come soon.
For the analysis of the heroes of "The White Guard" it is important to be known on these tips.
Dream Turbine
One of the central roles of the novel is occupied by the Turbine dream. The analysis of "The White Guard" is often based on the same episode of the novel. In the first part, create yoga with your own prophecies. The first wine has a nightmare, which declares that Holy Russia is a marriage, and the honor for the Russian people is an exclusive load.
Right out of the blue, you are trying to shoot a nightmare, which will torment you, but you know. Doslidniki vvazhayut, scho pіdsvіdomіst reconverted Turbіn vektі zіsta, virushitі іmіgrіyu, alіte vіn vіn navіt navitіє do not let thought about the leak.
The coming dream of the Turbine is already with a tragic-comic sight. Vin is even more of a clear prophecy of future comings. Colonel Nai-Tours and commander Zhilin, yakі drank to heaven. In a humorous manner it is revealed, as Zhilin got to paradise on the carts, and the apostle Petro missed them.
The key meaning is the dream of the Turbine at the end of the novel. Oleksiy bachit, like Oleksandr I, knowing the lists of divisions, niby erasing the memory of the former officers, most of them dead at that hour.
After the Turbine succumbed to the power of death on Malo-Provalniy. It is important that this episode of po'yazaniy is from the Sundays of Oleksiy, as it has come after the ailment. Bulgakov often contributed great significance to the dreams of his heroes.
We conducted an analysis of Bulgakov's "The White Guard". A short zmist is also aimed at looking back. Articles can help teach someone to create something written.
Already more than one generation of Russian and foreign readers are widely choking on the work of the prominent Kiev writer Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov. Doing something has become a classic of the words of the Jansk culture, as she knows to love all the world. A number of Bulgakov's immortal works have a special place in the novel "Bila Guards", which in its time became a talented young journalist in writing. This novel is rich in why it is autobiographical, we will write it on the basis of "live" material: facts from the life of relatives and friends during the hours of the civil war in Ukraine.
Readers and other dosidniki dosі not zіyshlis vznachennі genre "White Guards": biographical prose, historical and detective detective-suitable novel - axis tі characteristics, yakі can zustrіti schodo tsgogo creation. The character of Mikhail Opanasovich's novel is laid down by its name: "Bila Guards". As it comes from the historical realities of the name, the novel can be taken as deeply tragic and sentimental. Why? I'll try to explain myself.
Historical backgrounds, which are described in the novel, can be seen until the end of 1918: fighting in Ukraine between the socialist Ukrainian Directorate and the conservative regime of Hetman Skoropadsky. The leading heroes of the novel seem to be drawn into the cі podії, and like the bіlоgvardiytsі they protect Kiev from the vіysk Directorії. Under the sign of the nose of White ideas, we accept the characters in the novel. At their "bіlogvardіysky day" were deeply changed and those officers and volunteers, as if true from the leaf fall-breasts of 1918, Kiev was robbed. As z'yasuvalos pіznіshe, the stinks weren't Bіlogvarіytsy. Volunteer Belarusian army of General Anton Denikin did not recognize the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and de jure was abandoned in the camp with the Nazis. They did not recognize the puppet order of Hetman Skoropadsky, who ruled under the cover of the German bagnets. If a struggle began in Ukraine between the Directorate and Skoropadsky, the hetmans had a chance to help the middle intelligentsia and the officers of Ukraine, as a supporter of the Belarusians. In order to get the imperial Skoropadsky in his own category of population, in the newspapers, Denikin’s order about the entry of the military, who are fighting for the Directorate, to the warehouse of the Volunteer Army was voiced in the newspapers. Vidpovidno to tsgogo mandate, parts, yakі occupied Kiev, became Bіlogvardіyskim. This order was revealed by the nonsense of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Order of Skoropadsky, Igor Kistyakovsky, who in such a rank led the hetman of new soldiers to lava. Anton Denikin sent telegrams to Kiev, scho to recount the fact of such an order, in some cases he was led to recognize the defenders of Skoropadsky by the Belarusian guards. They were attached by telegrams, and Kiev officers and volunteers widely respected themselves with a part of the Volunteer Army. More than that, as the Ukrainian Directory took Kiev, and the defenders captured the Ukrainian units, Denikin's telegrams were crowded. It turned out that the full of officers and volunteers were neither White Guards nor Hetmans. In fact, the stench invaded Kiev invisibly and invisibly. For all the warring parties, the Kiev poloneniya were persons of the law: they were moved in them, the stench was inappropriate for the Ukrainians, for the red ones they were covered with horns. Over two thousand people, mostly officers and representatives of the intelligentsia, ate in full to the Directorate, were sent together with the Germans, and evacuated to Nimechchini. Zvіdti, for Entente's entourage, the stench was drunk at the all-powerful Belarusian army: Yudenich's Pivnichno-Zahidna near Petrograd, Bermondt-Avalov's Zahidna near Skhidniy Prussia, General Miller's Pivnichna at the Kol'skoe Pivostrovі, navsіt Sibirka The greater number of brothers in the Directory looked like those from Ukraine. With their blood, through the hetman's reckless adventure, they had a chance to defeat the battlefields near Tsarskoe Selo and Shenkursk, Omsk and Riga. Only a few turned to Ukraine. In this rank, I called the "White Guard" tragic and mournful, and from a historical point of view ironic.
In the other half, call the novel - "Guards" - that's the very explanation. Volunteer parts, which were formed near Kiev against the military Directorate, were victoriously vindicated in accordance with the law of Skoropadsky about the National Guard. In this rank, the Kiev uniforms were officially respected by the National Guard of Ukraine. In addition, close friends and friends of Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov until 1918 served in the Russian Guard. So, the dear brother of the first squad of the writer Yevgen Lappa, died at the hour of the Lipnevogo approach of 1917, being an ensign of the Guards of the Lithuanian Regiment. Yuri Leonidovich Gladirevsky, the main figures of which were instilled in the literary image of Leonid Yuriyovich Shervinsky, serving the Life Guards at the 3rd Rifle Regiment.
For your own historical explanation and other options, name the novel "Bila Guards": "Biliy istiv", "Festival cross", "Chervoniy mach". On the right, in the hour of describing historical events near Kiev, the Pivnichnaya Volunteer Army of General Keller was being formed. Count Keller, at the request of Skoropadsky, for an hour, stunned the defense of Kiev, and after that, he was engaged in shootings by Ukrainian soldiers. The main milestones in the life of Fyodor Arturovich Keller, as well as the other physical wadis, connected with the wounded, were more accurately described by Bulgakov in the presence of Colonel Nai-Turs. Following Keller’s order, the sign of the Pivnichnoi army became a white cross, which was made from the mother and was sewn on the left sleeve of the tunic. Nadali Pivnichno-Zakhidna and Zakhidna army, as if they honored themselves with the priymachi of the Pivnichno army, deprived the white cross with the sign of recognition of their military servicemen. Shvidshe for everything, the same wine and becoming a drive for the vindication of options called "cross". The name "Chervoniy Mach" can be fully associated with the victory of the bіshoviks in the hromadyanskіy war.
The chronological framework of the novel "Bila Guards" by Mikhail Opanasovich does not match the real stories. So, if at the beginning of the day the battles near Kiev until one o'clock in the morning the Ukrainian military trivaet only three fights, then really under the fight between Skoropadsky and the Directorate developed a whole month. The cob of artillery shelling of Kiev with Ukrainian parts fell on the evening of the 21st leaf fall, the funeral of the killed officers, descriptions in the novel, on the 27th leaf fall, and the rest of the fall was on December 14, 1918. Such a rank, the historical novel "The Bila Guard" can be called smoothly, the shards of the writer did not finish the real chronology of the subdivisions. So, among the lists among the dead officers of the novel there is not a single correct nickname. A lot of facts about the novel and author's guesses.
Insanely, when writing the novel "Bila Guards" Mikhailo Opanasovich Bulgakov, he was resplendent with accessible dzherels and his miraculous memory. Prote did not varto rebіlshuvati pouring in tsikh dzherel on the writing idea. A lot of facts gleaned from the newspapers of Kiev last year of 1918, the writer retelling everything from memory, which led to an emotional release of information, so as not to avenge the accuracy and correctness of the declamation. With the help of Roman Gul's "Kyiv Epopee", published in Berlin in 1921, Bulgakov did not show off, even though his skills would solidify the richness of Bulgakov scholars. Vіdomostі about pії podії na podії podії podії podії nіd Chervonim Traktirі і Zhuliany, scho scho navіvіv novіrі, istorіchesko chіchnі іnіdіbrіbnіshih podrobbits (krіm prizvisch, zvichayno). Tsikh vіdomosti Gul did not suggest in his ways, shards taking part in other podіy near Chervonim Tavern. Bulgakov’s stench could have been taken away only from the old Kiev acquaintance Pyotr Oleksandrovich Brzhezitsky, a great staff captain-artilleryman, who, for a wealth of biographical tributes, that character may seem to match the literary image of Mishlaevsky. There may be great doubts that Bulgakov was able to know the emigrant white guard specialists. The same can be said about other clues, consecrated to podia near Kiev in 1918, which were seen on the emigration. A large part of the bula was written on the basis of the very newspaper facts and little bits, to which Bulgakov himself had direct access in his hour. At the same time, it is completely obvious that Mikhailo Panasovich transferred from the novel the plots of V. Shklovsky's "Revolution and Front", first published in Petrograd in 1921, and then published under the title "Sentimental Road" in Moscow in 1923 . Only in these ways Bulgakov could learn the plot from the hetman's armored cars. In fact, there was no such thing in the history of the defense of Kiev, and the plot itself is Shklovsky's guess, why the rest can be the only source of similar information.
On the sides of a novel, every once in a while the name of the place is never guessed; Only for toponymy and podia in the described place, the reader can indicate what to go about Kiev. All the names of the streets in the novel were changed, but they were left behind close ones for the sounds to their real brothers. To this very fact, without special difficulties, it is possible to designate a wide range of descriptions of podias. Vignatok, perhaps, it is impossible to make the route of the flow of Mikolka Turbine any less, which is really impossible. In the whole of Kiev, the dispute was also transferred without changes to the novel. Tse Pedagogical Museum, Oleksandrivska gymnasium, and monument to Prince Volodymyr. It can be said that Mikhailo Panasovich, without the usual written remarks, having depicted his next place that time.
The descriptions of the novels of the houses of the Turbins are more consistent with the houses of the Bulgakovs, which they saved in Kiev. At one time, the autobiographical nature of the novel, which does not call for sumnivities, does not follow rich podias near the very homeland of Bulgakov. So, the mother of Mikhail Opanasovich, Varvara Mikhailivna, died less than 1922, the mother of Turbinikh died in spring 1918. In 1918, sisters Lelya and Varvara lived near Kiev with relatives of Mikhail Opanasovich, with a man Leonid Karum, brothers Mikolay, Ivan, cousin Kostya "Japanese", Nareshti, Tetyana Lappa - the first squad of a writer. In the novel "Bila Guard" far from all the members of the family are shown. Biographical parallels can be seen in the images of Oleksiy Turbina, the same writer, Mykoli Turbina and Mikoli Bulgakov, Deer Turbina and Varvara Bulgakov, the young man Leonid Karum and Sergiy Talberg. Including Lelya, Ivan and Kostya Bulgakov, as well as the first team of writers. Bentey and the fact that Oleksiy Turbin, who is already similar to Mikhail Opanasovich, is not friendly. Not positively reflected in the novel Sergiy Talberg. We can only see the drive of differences and weldings, which were inevitable for such a great family, yak Bulgakov.
Sharpened that friend's house of the Bulgakovs at that time is far from being the same in the novel. At different times, Mykola and Yury Gladirevski, Mikola and Viktor Singaevski with their five sisters, Boris (who shot himself in 1915) and Petro Bogdanov, Oleksandr and Platon Gdeshynski were on the Andriivsky uzvoz. The Bulgakovs saw the family of Kossobudskys, de buli brother Yury, sister Nina and її naming Petro Brzhezitsky. In the midst of youth, there are only a few who were military: Petro Brzhezitsky as a staff captain of artillery, Yuriy Gladirevsky as a lieutenant and Petro Bogdanov as an ensign. The trinity itself in its main figures and facts of Viyskian biographies is entirely convergent from the trio of literary characters in the "White Guard": Mishlaevsky, Shervinsky, Stepanov-Karas. One of the Singaevski sisters was seen in the novel by Irina Nai-Tours. one more live a role the mallet Irina Reis was taken from the novel, the mallet Irina Reis was taken away from the novel, the kohanoi Oleksia Turbina was selected from the novel by Yuliya Reiss. Actual biographical facts for the images of Mishlaevsky, Shervinsky, Karas are taken from other members of Bulgakov's company. Vtіm, qі facti, like, for example, the setting of Mishlaevskiy and Mikoli Singaevskiy, the pavements are small, so they don’t give us the right to name the images of the main characters in the novel by choosing them. It is simpler on the right with Lariosik - Ilarion Surzhansky, the image of which may be more creations on the basis of showing character and biographical facts Karum's nephew Mykoli Sudzilovsky, alive at that hour with Bulgakov's family. Let's talk about the skin characters in the novel and the real historical prototype.
About the unfinishedness of the novel "Bila Guard" has been known for a long time. Writers think in what way they tried to expand the trilogy, which in their chronological framework envelops the entire hromada war. According to those who Mikhailo Panasovich planned to serve Mishlaev to the red, Stepanov is guilty of serving with the whites. Why didn't Mikhailo Panasovich finish his novel? For the chronology, we are informed of the version of the "Bila Guards" by a writer to the beginning of the fierce 1919 rock - the entrance from Kiev to the Viysk Directorate. In the same period, the Bulgakiv "commune", as if calling Karum, broke up: Petro Bogdanov went from the Petliurites, and Brzhezitsky went from the Nimtsy to Nimechchin. Nadal and other members of the company rose for various reasons. Vzhe voseni 1919 rock stink viyavilisya zovsіm in rіznih regіonah: Bogdanov voyuvav in skladі Pіvnіchno-Zahіdnoї bіlogvardіyskoї armії pid Petrograd de th zaginuv at the battle of Cervone, Brzhezitsky pіslya Dovgy ponevіryan opinivsya in Krasnoyarsku de vikladav in kolchakіvskіy artilerіyskіy shkolі and potіm pereyshov Cervone , Karum, Gladirevsky, Mikola Bulgakov and Mikhailo Panasovich himself fought with the Bolsheviks in the Volunteer Army of General Denikin. The one who was engaged in those prototypes of the leading heroes of the novel, Mikhailo Bulgakov could not know. Only Karum and Brzhezitsky could tell about their usefulness in the Gromadyansky war to Mikhail Opanasovich, since 1921 they lived near Kiev. If we want to, we can doubt that the stinks could tell someone about the details of their service with the whites. Others either emigrated, like Mikola Bulgakov and Yury Gladrievsky, or perished, like Petro Bogdanov. The clerk knew in secret about the shares that his friends and acquaintances drank, but in more detail, of course, there was no sound for you to know. By itself, through the presence of information about his heroes, Mikhailo Panasovich, how do we get it, having pinned the work on the novel, even though the plot was more or less cicavi.
Our book was called upon to analyze the text of the novel, to find out cultural parallels that would be like hypotheses. For the help of archives: work on the service records of Brzhezitsky, Gladirevsky, Karum, on the right of Sudzilovsky, on the right of repressions of Brzhezitsky and Karum, on the military school on the right, in which Mikola Bulgakov and Petro Bogdanov appear, great kіlkistyu dzherel from the history of the hromadyanskoy war and the Bіlogvardіyskih vіysk parts, who took part in it, entrusted other documents and materials with great accuracy to us in the distance to develop the biographies of practically all aspects, as they became the prototypes for the creation of the guardian's literature "Biography". Itself about them, as well as about Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov in the war of gromadyans and after her we will tell in this book. Also, we tried the historical evidence of the very underpinnings of the "Bila Guards", and these facts, as if they could serve as the basis for creating a continuation of the novel. In the role of veterans of the Gromadyanskaya war, we tried to create the historical end of Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov's novel "Bila Guard". Behind the great rahunka, the novel of our victories is like a foundation, which can be seen in the description of the difficult path of the great Kiev family and friends at the rock of the hromadyanskoy war. The heroes of our book in Persh look like participants in important historical events, and more like a prototype of the novel by Mikhail Opanasovich Bulgakov.
The book contains a great supplementary material to the history of podia, which is described in the novel "Bila Guard", as well as the city of Kiev, in which tsі podії were roared.
For Relief from stvorennі tsієї books hotіlosya b visloviti podyaku Rosіyskomu Reigning vіyskovo-іstorichnomu arhіvu, Reigning arhіvu Gromadska that polіtichnih organіzatsіy Ukraine, Reigning arhіvu Vischih organіv Vladi Ukraine, Reigning arhіvu kіnofotodokumentіv Ukraine, Museum Odnієї Vulitsі and takozh spіvrobіtnitsі Museum Museum Odnієї Ulі Hos' poppy, director of the Museum of Dmytro Shlensky Bulgakov Tetyany Rogozovskiy, Ukrainian historians Mykoli Litvin (Lviv), Volodymyr Nazarchuk (Kyiv), Anatoly Vasilyev (Moscow), Andriy Kruchinin (Moscow), Oleksandr Deryabin (Moscow), Sergiy Volkov (Moscow), Kiev culturologist Miron Petrov.
I would especially like to thank Oleksandr V'yacheslavovich Slobodyan, General Director of the joint-stock partnership of the Obolon brewery, without any possible help, any kind of knowledge of our wealth would be even more problematic.
