Golovna > Vagination calendar > De vicorist grafts from the world. See that style of graffiti

De vicorist grafts from the world. See that style of graffiti

With skin rock, the number of painted walls in our places grows rapidly. Tse means that the art of graphite attracts more people, and to be more specific, then young. Mustaches, who paint on the walls, call themselves graffiti artists or writers, but far from all stinks. It’s rich who starts to be small, only to those who have become fashionable, and it’s far from good to go out with everyone. As far as the right majstrіv, then the stink stinks wanted to fashion. The stench does not joke about the glory of that knowledge, but simply paints, flooding the miraculous pictures on the walls.

Even if there is a lot and a trifle of zdіbnosti, then paint graffiti not in a warehouse of special difficulties. Small sketch (eskіz) on the back, then, for the help of farbi, we transfer yoga to the wall. Even more often between the sketch and the end result (graffiti on the wall) and the essence of authority. And deakim eskіzi didn’t need it, they just take a balloon from farboi from hand and improvise it. So it has already developed, that for writing in graphite they use the Latin alphabet, wanting to do it, who will write the garni in Russian.

The art of graphite is richer for the new one, like for any other art, it is straight sprat. It’s hard to do it right in all directions, but it’s not obov’yazkovo, if you want professional deacons to know that the right master can take everything. Otzhe, scho for straight lines?

Tegіng - drawing your signature (tag) on the walls, wagons and others, were worthy of your surface. You can be like one word, and a whole phrase. Teging - tse ancestor daily graphite, which originated in the 70s in New York.

Scratching - putting your tag on the slope. Tsey is directly similar to the front one, but he wrote in the rest of the day to fight not with a farboy, but with a stone (mainly for sharpening knives) or, for example, with a rough emery paper on the slope. Erase chi to see such a little one (scratch) is impossible and tse, maybe, a single yogo plus.

Bombing - Shvidka applied little ones on the surface. Here the smut is shvidkіst, everything is necessary to work yaknaishvidshe. Vzagali something, illegal bombing, and tі, hto "bombard", risk drinking to the police "bobik", and that stench is painted over at night, if there is nothing to bum, and, obviously, roar all the more quickly.

The little concept is the most straight-forward fold of graphite, similar to traditional painting. Tse foldable robots, scho to eat with your own writings and little ones. Most of the time, the vikonannya of such little ones is legal, because it means large number timchasovyh and penny vitrates. The New School style is directly related to anyone.

Malyui stylishly

Krіm directly, іsnuyuet shchey stіlі grafіtі. Axis of the head:

Old School - simple styles are closer to the classics.

Flat - flat baby. Small in this style, the robot appears flat, not voluminous, the letters overlap one another. Sound paint in two colors and don’t detail the picture.

Bubble style - the history of the name of the style for a long time. Named to look like the first little ones, the letters looked at them like majestic mikhuri. At the same time, everything is called simple graphite, everyday folding elements, the color of the din is separated, as a rule, two - three colors. Letters of one do not overlap, but they are depicted in a volumetric style. This style of graffiti is victorious for bombing. What is called, just that shvidko.

Blockbusters and Throw-up - here the difference may be of primary importance. Write, zroblenі in tsomu styles, є majestic. For their painting vikoristovuyut a roller and a wide cap.

Newschool - modern and sophisticated styles.

Wild style - high folding style. The interweaving of letters creates folds and original visor, as if it were an illusion of trivity, as details, as if it were a rosy little thing, a majestic variety of colors. Everything is brought to the point that far from everyone can understand the little ones, even better people don’t know about graphs.

3D-style, FX-style - the same style. Letters hope trivimirnіst, stench roznyatsya for the form, rozmirom and roztashuvannyam shdo axes of coordinates, the emphasis is to fight on the shadows.

A lot of graphic artists wrote in the Crimea in their robots to write objects. The object can look like a little one, replacing one letter, or be present in the picture as an addition to writing. More writers paint kerex (characs) - a character created by them, their “visiting card”.

Letter to the law

Grafiti and the law do not always know spilnu mova. For example, the artistic design of the club, the holding of various competitions, and their fate is absolutely legal. Find out how your suid is by asking you to paint your garage and dog kennel, which is also legal. If you need to decide, then serious problems can be blamed. As if you were painting at an unlawful mister and you were drunk, then you were officially abused under the following articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: art. 167 - umisne iznischennya or poshkodzhennya lane, art. 214 - vandalism, art. 243 - nischennya or poshkodzhennya memoirs of the history of culture. According to these statutes, the fine is 100,000 rubles, and moreover, you can be arrested. It's all official. In truth, everything can be called a richly smaller sum of pennies, below 100,000 rubles, put into the gut of the uncle of a policeman. In Moscow, for example, it’s easier to get the rights of the right-wing guards easier, lower in St. Petersburg, where it’s more respectful to follow the beauty of the place. And yet there is a chance not to spend, to navit, as if you are small in a public place in the light of time. Golovna, but we will protect that clearly understand, de you can paint, and de categorically fenced. Yes, obviously, this is such an option, if you don’t want to have a penny - throw everything, legs in your hands and forward!

Choose a place for the little one

It is also important to know a good surface for painting. First of all, your little one is not only for yourself, but also for the fact that your work is swayed, commemorated. Otzhe, you need a surface in a crowded mist. In another way, do not forget about security. The axis here is a food: how to know the balance between the very safety and popularity of your little ones? Try to know such a place, to cheer the little ones, but you (at the hour of the creation of that little one) - no. It's not easy, but it's possible.

Rostashuvannya is not the only criterion for choosing a surface for graphite. Even more important is the type of material on which you choose to paint. The surface is uneven on a square parkan with an ornament, metal, or an unbarred tree is not suitable for painting. Don’t paint on the irzhі chi better, to the fact that your little ones will not be called long-lived, the stench will come out of the upper ball at once. And the axis is right pidide, then it is porous concrete (do not confuse with concrete slabs). And if you want to create as much as possible for the surface to be painted, prime it. And if, after all, he didn’t throw away the little ones, then varto should take the trouble to snezhiriti, so that the farba lay down more beautifully. Try not to make it cold at the boards. The top may become dry. And in the cold, the farba rottenly lies down and dries properly. And my hands are so cold.

Chim baby

Let's talk about farbi. The stench is sold in balloons of various volumes (type 04 to 06 liters). Widest axis:

Farbi name Comment Average price

Abro One of the found farb, swidko vitsvita Pidijde for those who still don't choose rich stained glass on graphite and don't rely on the longevity of work. 105 nar.

Abro Sabotage Ale, the smell of farbi is not the best, and it is more suitable for a female cap. 85 people

Montana Black One of the best farbs. Nova Montana Black has become ideal for graffiti, it may not fade, it lies well for a long time. 185 UAH

MTN Hardcore Suitable for fans of bombing. Shvidko zapovnyuє the surface of the zavdyaka color to the high vise. 170 people

MTN 94 Chudova farba, nap_vmatova, ideal for writing. The unique valve system allows the pressure to be adjusted. 185 UAH

Belton Molotow Vіdmіnna farba, a wide range of colors miraculously suits vikoristannya at negative temperatures. Okremy minus - to reach the high vartist. 205 nar.

If you want to name it like that - Rust-Oleum, Dutch Boy, Red Devil, Sparvar - don't sneer, it's not bad farby, but in Russia they don't grow up a lot.

Beginners call for contours to take "Montana", and for pouring "Abro". It's decent to go out and it's inexpensive. I recommend not to buy in Fiesta, King or Pride Farby car dealerships, they are simply not suitable for real little ones. It’s too early and dry enough, so tektime, and the lower color can’t be blocked.

For bombing, you can also win a unique product, which is sold with us - Mastic. Great obsyag, the lowest price.

Is it possible to change the farb. They are taken care of by professionals. duje garniy way economy and consumption of the required color. For example, if there is not enough farby left in different bottles, they pour it from one bottle into another. The technology of transfusion does not seem to be simple, so newcomers cannot experiment with it. Pour the farba in a zagal like this: a balloon, the stars pour the farba, heat it up, and the balloon, where the farba is poured, cool it down, then zadnuyut with a shear in the shape of a kulkovy handle that pushes ...

As you already understand, you can’t manage with one farboi. That y krim farby is still a lot of tskavih stuff.

Kepi - nozzles for sawing farbi. The stench is tonic and wide. The first ones are used for painting contours, and others - for creating a good, even filling, which especially helps to work with large surfaces. In principle, there are enough caps for making graffiti, but if you want more variety and originality, then you can add a set of calligraphic caps. The stench is reserved for great fonts, they wrap the raspberry, for their help you can lead a line of different comrades under a different kut. Caps are of two types: male and female. The female cap can be opened at the base and put on the pins on the top of the balloon. Male-cap, navpaki, equipment with such a pin. Everyone becomes borderline aware, as if you know the translation of the words male and female). For balloons Montana, Belton and Abro, a male-cap is suitable, for Abro Sabotage - female. May is on the verge, if the caps can be clogged with farboi, then May has a spare option for every occasion. Deyakі mastruyut caps independently. For example, to make a cap ultra-skinny (thin), enough to solder the head of the syringe into the dirk-spill. But the average price of one cap is about 15 rubles, so it’s easier to go to the store and don’t bother with a soldering iron.

And if it’s serious, then it’s indispensable when working with farboi, it’s very hard for legends. Yogo is recommended to be dressed as if for an hour of work in enclosed spaces, so in open air. Without it, that asthma can be zarobiti. As far as the choice of a respirator is concerned, it is more important that the choice falls on the M3 company, and the price is around 1500 rubles. If you need it cheaper, you can buy Radian's protigas for 150 rubles, the stench is already vryatuyut. Another version of the Chinese mask is the cheapest one, 15 rubles. Ale, the quality here is the same, like the price.

The Vandalizer is a wide marker ideal for painting on smooth surfaces. Here's a good yogo for tags. More wine is good to go for the correction of nedolіkіv, or pardon for the little one, for sure. Ale, on short surfaces, it’s better not to write, it’s easy to write. The most popular among graffiti vandalizer companies are Montana, BOMB, On The Run or Aerosol Art. At the store, they will have to pay 150 to 250 UAH for them. The marker can be refilled. Farbi palette (8-12 refills) cost 500 UAH. If the sting of the marker has become irrelevant, it can also be replaced. I do not recommend painting with a vandalizer larger than L on short surfaces; Grafists are smarter than that, vandalizers can inspire this on their own. As a source of material, the stench of the vicorist is a marker for vomiting, only the farba is poured into it independently. And in order for the farba to be misplaced by the retailer, the stench is thrown there with a steel bag, for example, like a bear or a bearing. In order to continue the term of life of the tag, put wax on a new ball (for example, for an additional candle). Deyakі primudryayutsya robiti nezmivnu farba, pouring into the marker sumish cheap lacquer with lacquer smoke. Any proportions are less likely to be guessed.

The stencil is a ready-made template for your little one. Virіzati yogo can be done at home with a piece of linoleum or cardboard. On the back, you need to draw sketches, then transfer yoga to cardboard or linoleum. For an additional stencil, you can apply original little ones on the wall or paint tags in a short hour.

Mittens - to get rid of clean. As if you didn’t pretend to be careful and follow all the rules, you still get lost. Farba, when sawn, all the same, you fall on your hands, or drip from the top of the balloon, especially since you haven’t changed your cap for a long time. If you are still not afraid to get lost and you don’t have an allergy to farba, then you can’t wear a mitten. I don’t want anything foldable in order to buy a pair of medical mittens in the pharmacy for 2 rubles and not look at the farby.

Shchob not robiti pardons

Otzhe, having bought a farba, you know the surface for painting and pragnate the robot. Didn't forget anything? Tobi varto rebatch shchos:

Do not fill in the writing on the wall with a monochromatic color, as the sketch does not mean that. Farba for graffiti neprozora, to that zafarbuє everything that is worth it. Navit white can be made black.

Don't forget the ass! A lot of writers-pochatkivtsiv to give such a pardon, repair the contour, and then fill it with farboi. As a result, come out, softly seemingly, not too hard. So that you don’t have the same ones, draw a sketch of color on the background of the main painting, then the background, then the outline.

Sometimes it’s like that farba is flowing. How much better do you shove її with your hands, your sleeves are thin, it’s unlikely that your little ones are lying. The best option is to bud, while the farba is dry, and then fill the pot with the desired color. It is also possible to bring a wonderful sponge to the house and, like a raptom farb, it will leak, soak the streaks.

Keep the cap clean after the skin vikoristannya. For this, turn the balloon over and stretch the cap for five seconds. Farba stop coming out, and then you can boldly put the balloon down. Ale, even though you didn’t kill this, you can wikidate the cap, the wine is no longer an adjunct.

Try the farba before the cob, otherwise you can sip the little ones. Breeze farboi on the ground or on the other side of the wall, so you don’t need it, to turn it over, that everything is out of the cap, that it is installed correctly, etc. And if the balloon is new, then you should come in, if necessary, under the wind, so that in the first second the painting of wines can “spit” farboi.

The writers also have their own "code of honor" and it is necessary to do so. At the same time, don’t chip other people’s robots, you want them to stink like they were. Do not subscribe to other people's little ones and do not write clean walls.

It’s better to start with a primer on the working surface, so that the farba kicked more quickly and nothing was left on the wall (for example, old little ones). For priming, you can vikoristovuvat enamel or water mulsion farba. Enamel is a more winning option, because there is a greater style, a lower reservoir, and the colors on it look brighter. Її you can vikoristovuvat like a background, adding a little extra farbi, creating the required color.

Etymology

graphiteі graphito to resemble the Italian understanding of graffiato (“scrubs”). The name "grafity" in the history of the arts sounds to be used for the recognition of the image, as if it were tattered on the surface. Let's argue about the concept of "graffito", which means the removal of one ball of pigment with a path on the surface in such a rank, so that another ball of color is given up, which is known under it. This technology was victorious for us in front of the potters, and after the completion of the work they wrote their signatures on the pots. For a long time, graphite was applied to the walls for the help of a sharp object, sometimes for this victorious creed or vugillya. Greek language γράφειν - graphein (Russian - "to write") may have the same root.

History

These inscriptions are in the house of ancient times, the stench is in the lands of the Ancient Descent, in Greece, in Rome (Pompeii, Roman catacombs). The meaning of this word meant, for the time being, a graphic, applied to the surface and reckoning bagatma as an act of vandalism.

ancient light

Nayranish graffiti vinickled at 30 thousand BC. e. These same stinks were presented in the forms of prehistoric wall paintings and pictographs applied to the walls with such tools, like brushes of creatures and pigments. Similar little ones often labored in ritual and sacred places in the middle of the caves. Most often they depicted creatures, I live nature and scenes of watering. This form of graphic art often calls out super girls, it is possible that similar images were created by the members of the prehistoric society.

We unite on this day with the dzherelom of the Safian mov, which is respected by the proto-Arabic language, є grafіtі: inscriptions, written on the skeletons and majestic boulders, it is more important at the basalt deserts of pіvdennoї Syria, shіdnіy Yordanі Aravіvіy and pіvnіy. Safsky Mova was founded from the 1st century BC. e. for the IV century AD. e.

antiquity

Graffiti at Pompeii

The first sign of the “new style” of graphic art was taken from the ancient Greek city of Ephesus (on the territory of present-day Turechchini). Mіstsevі gіdi call it advertising advertizing prostitution. The roztashovane order from the embellished mosaic and the stones of the expensive graffiti depicted the hand beat, which was far away for the heart, the foot beat that number. Tse meant that there was a public booth nearby, a hand waving symbolizing payment.

The ancient Romans applied graphite on the walls of that statue, the butts of which were also preserved in Egypt. The graphite in the classical world is less important than the light, lower in the suspense. Ancient graphs were love confessions, political rhetoric and just thoughts, which could be compared with today's popular messages about social and political ideals. The graffiti in Pompeii depicted Vesuvius's eruption, and also avenged Latin curses, magic spells, consecration in kohannas, the alphabet, politically extinguished those famous literary quotes - all this gives a miracle about the street life of ancient Romans. In one letter, the address of a woman was given on behalf of Noveliy Primigeniya from Nutserii, ymovirno, even garnoi povіi, whose services were small for the majestic drink. On the other little bulo, a phallus is presented, which was accompanied by the inscription “mansueta tene”: “Roll around.” Typical graffiti on the wall of the Pompeian lupanary:

An anti-Christian caricature, found at the beginning of the excavations of ancient Rome, and dated to the II centuries. The writing "ALEXAMENOS SEBETE THEON" is translated as "Alexamenos worships God"

The graphs helped to find out some details about the way of life and movement of cultures, which had been written long ago. Spelling and grammatical pardons in written graphs to talk about low illuminating equal people, as if they lived the same way, and at once help solve the riddles of rose Latin. Stocks є CIL IV, 7838: Vettium Firmum / aed quactiliar rog. At the same time, "qu" looks like "co". 83 parts of graphite, revealed in CIL IV, 4706-85, to make it obvious to read and write such versions of the suspenst, as if they were respected by the illiterate. Babies can be found on the peristyle, inspired by the overthrow of Vesuvius by the architect Cresens. The graphite was overwritten by both the boss and the workers. Public House VII, 12, 18-20 there are over 120 small letters, some of them were written by those clients. The gladiatorial academy (CIL IV, 4397) was completely written off with graffiti written by the gladiator Celadus. Suspirium puellarum Celadus thraex: “Celadus Thracian zmushuє dіvchat zіtkhati”) To other images, we know in Pompeii on the walls of the tavern, there were words about the tavern’s master and yogo sumnіvne wine:

About the owner, your nonsense Expand your mind! Without prejudice, drink wine yourself, Serving water to guests .

In Egypt, beside the architectural complex of Giza, faceless graffiti were revealed, overlaid by alarmists and pilgrims.

Serednyovichchya

The graphites were wider in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. In one of the largest Mayan settlements of Tikal, faceless little ones were revealed, which were well preserved. Graffiti vikingiv, who lived in Rome and in Ireland on the Newgrenge mound, as well as the famous Varangian wrote, who dressed up his name (Halvdan) with runes on the railings in Sophia Cathedral in Constantinople - all these graphs help us to recognize everyday life past cultures. Graffiti, like Tacherons, are often found on the walls of Romanesque-Scandinavian churches.

Middle graphite in Russia

In similar words, graphic letters have a long history and a rich history. Novgorod saved ten graphs of the 11th century. . A great number of graphs XI-XV century at the Cathedral of St. Sophia, stink to avenge like a baby, so (more often) text. The old Russian graffiti are written on the walls of temples, the most important of them is the prayerful passage to God or the saints, and the texts are trawled and hot, and the records on the kshtalt “here be such and such”, and folk incantations. A lot of graphic art to mark the exact date and important historical, linguistic and paleographic dzherel. For Kiev, where there are no birch-bark writings in Novgorod, graphite is one of the main sources of information about written letters and language.

Revival

Current history

Soldier in Italy (1943-1944)

It is important that the graffiti is closely related to the hip-hop culture and that unidentified number of styles that resemble New York graffiti near the subway. Irrespective of the price, there are plenty of other miraculous butts of graphite. On the ear of the 20th century, graphite began to appear at freight cars and underground passages. One of these graffiti - Texino - traces its history from the 1920s to the present day. For an hour of another world war, and for a stretch of many coming decades, the phrase “Kilroy was here”, supplemented by images, became expanded in the whole world. Tsyu phrase vikoristali American Vіyska, and won quickly penetrated to the American mass culture. Not long after the death of Charlie Parker (the new one had a Yardbird or Bird), graffiti with the words Bird Lives began to appear all over New York. During student protests and a wild strike in early 1968 in Paris, the place turned out to be revolutionary, anarchist and situational rallies, such as L'ennui est contre-révolutionnaire ("Boredom is counter-revolutionary"), like boules vikonnі in the style of mysticism. . At the same time in the United States, for a short period, political slogans become popular (such as “Force Huey”, dedicated to Hugh Newton, leader of the movement of the Black Panthers). Remembering the graffiti of the 1970s, the famous "Dick Nixon Before He Dicks You" became famous, which reflects the fortunes of young people to become the President of the United States.

Graffiti near Moscow

Today's graffiti is a kind of street art, one of the most important forms of artistic self-expression in the entire world. Іsnuє impersonal different styles and visual graffiti. Create, created by graphic artists, is an independent genre of contemporary art, an invisible part of the culture of that mishkogo life. In rich lands and places, they have their own houses writers what masterpieces are created on the streets of the city.

In the majority of the world, graffiti applied to other authorities without permission for those in the power of this authority is vandalism and punished by the law. Some grafts vicorist the broadening of the political and social character. For some people, graffiti is a real art, a day of placement in galleries and exhibitions, for others it is vandalism.

From that hour, as graffiti turned into an invisible part of pop culture, yoga became associated with music in the style of hip-hop, hardcore, beatdown and break dance. For wealthy tse way of life, attachments in the form of enormity and ignorance for the general public.

The graphs are also marked as a bandy's signal for marking the territory, or serve as a sign, or as a tag of the activity of the bandy itself. Superechki, like sharpening around this kind of art, continue to play up the differences between law enforcement officers and graffiti artists, like to try to put their robots on a wild look. This form of art, which is developing rapidly, the value of which is vehemently seen by hoarders in verbal skirmishes with representatives of the government, even though the legislation itself most often protects graphite.

The origin of modern graphite

The appearance of contemporary graphic art can be seen until the beginning of the 1920s, if the small letters meant freight cars that ply the United States. The protege of the birth of graphite movement on the current day of rozumіnnі pov'yazanі z diyalnіstyu political activists, as if victorious graphite expansion of their ideas. Graffiti was also applied by street groups, such as the Savage Skulls (“Wild Skulls”), La Familia, DTBFBC, the Savage Nomads (“Wild Nomads”), in order to mark “their” territory. Until the end of the 1960s, signatures, titles of tags, and famous writers from New York, such as Lord, Cornbread, Cool Earl, Topcat 126, began to appear everywhere. Cornbread writer is often called one of the founders of contemporary graphite.

A balloon with an aerosol farboy, the most popular graphite tool

The period from 1969 to 1974 can be called revolutionary for graphite. In the course of an hour, its popularity grew, a lot of new styles appeared, and the center of graphic art moved from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to New York. The writers tried to remove their tags as quickly as possible, until then, the maximum number of times. Unexpectedly after New York became the new center of graffiti, the sources of information gained respect for the price of a cultural phenomenon. The first writer, to whom was assigned a newspaper article, becoming TAKI 183. Tse buv pіdlіtok from the district of Washington Heights near Manhattan. The tag TAKI 183 was composed of the name Demetrius (or Demetraki, Takі) and the number of the street, on the same wine is alive - 183. Having added this to the chicken, he often traveled by subway. Wherever you would not go, you should leave your tags. In 1971, the New York Times published an article dedicated to this article under the title "Thus calling out the praise of the followers." One of the early writers also respects Julio 204, but at that time he was flooded with unmarked mass information. The last noteworthy graphite artists were Stay High 149, PHASE 2, Stitch 1, Joe 182 and Cay 161. Barbara 62 and Eva 62 were the first women who became famous for their graffiti.

At this hour, graffiti began to appear more often in the subway, lower on the Moscow streets. The writers began to zmagatisya one by one, and with a zmіst їhny zmаgannya it was written his name the maximum number of times in different places. The respect of the graphitchikiv gradually switched to the railway depot, de stink small I can vikonati large folding robots with a smaller risk. At the same time, the key ambush of the current understanding of "bombing" was formed.

Tags in Sao Paulo

butt tag

Until 1971, the style of typing tags changed, stench became more refined and foldable. This is tied with a majestic bunch of graphic artists, skins from which they have made themselves respectful. Supernumerary writers stimulated the emergence of new styles in graphic art. The artists made the little one himself smoother, making it more original, but, oh, the cream of it, the stench began to commemorate the expansion of letters, the comradeship of the line and victorious outline for letters. This led to the creation in 1972 of the great little ones, so called "masterpieces" or "shmatkiv". It is important that the writer of Super Kool 223 was the first to win such things.

Various options for decorating graffiti have come into fashion: polka-dotted, near-the-cage, thin hatching. The number of aerosol farbi victories grew strongly, but the workers increased the size of their robots. Then “shmatki” began to appear, they occupied the height of the entire car, they were called “top-to-bottoms”, so “burn to the bottom”. The development of graphic art, like a new artistic phenomenon, which is everywhere widened, that growing rivument of craftsmanship of writers was impossible to lose the pose of respect. In 1972, Hugo Martinez, having fallen asleep in the organization “United Graffiti Artists” (“Union of Graffiti Artists”), in that time there was an impersonality of the best graffiti artists of that hour. The organization has gone so far as to present to the public the creation of graffiti within the framework of the art gallery. Until 1974, rock writers began to include images of heroes and scenes from cartoons in their robots. The TF5 team (The Fabulous Five, Neimovirna P'yatirka) became famous for their mastery painting the cars on the outside.

Mid 1970s

A heavily painted subway car. New York, 1973

Until the mid-1970s, the main ambush of graphite art and culture was established. At the same time, the peak of popularity and the breadth of graphite falls, often because the financial minds did not allow the administration of New York to fight the street art, implementing programs to remove graphite or reduce the technical maintenance of public transport. Before that, “top-to-bottoms” style graffiti began to occupy entire carriages. The middle of the 1970s was marked by the majestic popularity of "throw-ups" ("throw-up"), so that the graphs were more foldable for the vykonanny, lower "tags", less cunning, lower "shmatki". Unexpectedly after the appearance of trow-apives, the writers began to take advantage of the one who can win more trow-ups for less than an hour.

The graffiti-ruh has gained a significant character, and the artists have put all the place behind a metaphor. They wanted their names to show up at the skin district of New York. Zreshtoy, the standards of the great, installed on the cob of the 1970s, outdated, and on the cob of the 1980s, a lot of writers were changed.

Modern graffiti on the wagon

At the turn of the 1970s - 1980s, Prote experienced a whiff of new creative ideas. Fab 5 Freddy (Fred Bruthwaite) has become another key figure in the graphic art of these fates, having organized a team in Brooklyn that is painted on the walls (wall-writing group). It means that, like the 1970s different techniques of applying aerosol farbite and the style of writing letters, as if they inspired the graffiti of Manhattan's brewery to the graffiti of Brooklyn, they began to change, which led to the appearance of the "wild style" style. Fab 5 Freddy is credited for putting graffiti and rap music out of the Bronx, de stinks have come. With yoga, with the help of the help, the links between graphite and ta official art, as well as daily music. From that hour, as on the cob of the 1970s, Hugo Martinez, having organized an exhibition of writers, the authoritative image-making art began to seriously take on graffiti.

The end of the 1970s was the last splash of widespread bombing before it, as the New York City Transportation Authority set its sights on clearing transport from graffiti. The government of the subway has begun to replace the fence of the depot, as well as the mass reduction of graphite. The active activity of the local organizations often led to the fact that a lot of writers were thrown to work on graphite, shards of the post-indebtedness of their work led them to rozpach.

Expansion of graphite culture

In 1979, the art dealer Claudio Bruni gave the graphic artists Lee Quinones and Fab 5 Freddy a gallery in Rome. For rich writers who work beyond the borders of New York, it was the first knowledge of traditional forms of art. Friendship girls between Fab 5 Freddy and vocalist Blondie band Debbie Harry made a single called "Rapture" by Blondie in 1981. A video clip for this song, in which Jean-Michel Basquiat, with his SAMO graffiti, shows the elements of graffiti and hip-hop culture to the viewers. Wanting to be more significant for some sensations, having appeared in 1983, the feature film “Wild Style” by independent director Charlie Ehern, as well as the documentary film “Style Wars”, taken by the Public Broadcasting Service (US National Television) in 1983. fate. Musical hits The Message and Planet Rock have captured the growing interest in hip-hop and beyond the borders of New York. The film "Vijni stiliv" not only demonstrated to the public such famous writers as Skeme, Dondi, MinOne and Zephyr, but also strengthened the role of graffiti in hip-hop culture, which originates in New York: cream writers, the cinema has a home break -dance group, so like Rock Steady Crew, and like the soundtrack is played all rap. Dosі vvazhaetsya, scho film "Viyni stilіv" more precisely portrayed those that were in hip-hop culture on the cob of the 1980s. As part of the music tour (New York City Rap Tour Fab), which took place in 1983, 5 Freddy and Futura 2000 demonstrated graphs in hip-hop style to the European public in Paris and London. Hollywood also showed respect for hip-hop, if in 1984 the film "Beat Street" appeared on the screen of the whole world, in which hip-hop culture appeared again. Under the hour of the creation of the film, the director consulted with the writer of PHASE 2.

New York, 1985-1989

In the period from 1985 to 1989, the grafts lost their best writers. The remaining blow for the graphite workers was those that the subway cars began to be remanufactured into metal slabs. As soon as they entered in strength, they were getting used to the power, the mysticism of graphite grew back at its development: a lot of cunning wisdom, maisterno vikonan on the outer side of the train, the pieces were replaced by simple tags, broken up for the help of great markers.

It can be said that until the middle of 1986, the Department of Transportation in New York and Chicago played a “war on graphite”, and the number of writers who are actively working was quickly short. At once, having fallen and the rіven of violence, po'yazaniya іz teams grafіtchikіv and "bombing". Deyakі writers of the 1980s began to climb on the dahi of the houses and paint there. Indoor graphic artists Cope2, Claw Money, Sane Smith, Zephyr and T Kid were actively painting themselves at the same time.

New York Train Cleaning Company

This era of graffiti is characterized by the fact that most graffiti artists moved their work from subway cars and trains to "street galleries". The campaign to clean up New York's trains began in early 1989, when the authorities of New York began to simply clean up trains from the city's transport system, in which graphite was painted. That majestic number of writers had a chance to find new ways of self-expression. Food was discussed more heatedly, what is graphite as a form of art.

To the very beginning of the rush from the cleansing of New York transport, the streets of the rich city, not only New York, were free of graphite. And after that, as the government began to clean up the subway and pulls, graffiti gushed out on the streets of American cities, and then it faced the hostile public.

A lot of writers knew about the situation in that they began to demonstrate their work in galleries or organized their own power studios.

Back in the early 1980s, such graphic artists, such as Jean-Michel Basquiat, who started from the great tag (SAMO, yogo signature, meant Same Old Shit, tobto “good old marijuana”), as well as Keith Haring, to far away to engage in art within the framework of art studios.

Some writers painted on the facades of the shops in such foldable and beautiful graffiti that the shopkeepers did not bother to make them. Most of the time, such master robots succumbed to the riddle about the dead. In fact, following the death of the Big Pun rapper, the Bronx had great wall graphite dedicated to his life, like BG183, Bio, Nicer TATS CRU. This is how the writers reacted to the death of The Notorious B.I.G. , Tupac Shakur , Big L and Jam Master Jay .

Commercialization of graffiti and its development in pop culture

Stencil on the Berlin wall

Following the onset of widespread popularity and outstanding legitimacy, graphite moved to a new level of commercialization. In 2001, the computer giant IBM launched an advertising campaign in Chicago and San Francisco, in which people were shown painting aerosol farboa on the sidewalks, a symbol of the world, the heart of that penguin (Penguin is the talisman of Linux). So demonstrating the slogan "Svіt, kohannya that Linux." Regardless, through the illegality of the graph, some "street artists" were arrested for vandalism, and IBM had to pay a fine of $120,000.

In 2005, Sony Corporation launched a similar campaign. This time the new PSP handheld gaming system was advertised. The team of writers TATS CRU wrote a graph for the campaign in New York, Chicago, Atlanta, Philadelphia, Los Angeles and Miami. Vrakhovuuchi not far away IBM, Sony Corporation paid the sergeants for the right to paint on their walls. The graffiti was an image of the enemy's children, who play with the PSP, it's not a game console, but a skateboard or a toy toy.

Graffiti began to chime in and in video games sound like a positive sensation. For example, a series of games by Jet Set Radio (2000-2003) tells about how a group of young people fight against the oppression of the totalitarian police, how they try to encircle the freedom of speech of graphic artists. The plots of some videos inspire the negative attitude of non-commercial artists to the point where the art is beginning to practice advertising. For example, a series of games Rakugaki Ōkoku (2003-2005) for Sony PlayStation 2 rozpovida about those, like a bezimenny hero of that yogo lively graphite fight against the evil king, who allows only such a mystetstva, like bringing you a zisk. Another video, Marc Eckō's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure (2006), turns to graffiti as a political struggle and speaks about fighting against a corrupt place, in which freedom of speech is respected.

In other words, in what kind of graffiti appears, Bomb the World (2004), created by writer Clark Kent. This is an online graphic simulator, in which you can virtually paint trains in 20 months around the world. In Super Mario Sunshine (2002), the main character Mario is guilty of clearing the place of graffiti, full of bad luck on behalf of Bowser Jr. This story tells about the success of anti-graffiti campaigns organized by the mayor of New York Rudolph Julian and about similar programs that the mayor of Chicago Richard Daley.

Graphic art of the game 1978 Space Invaders

Graffiti images of pop star Michael Jackson

Keith Haring is one more graphic artist, a kind of pop-art and graphic art on commercial rіven. In the 1980s, Haring opened his first Pop Shop (Pop Shop), a store, de vin exhibiting his robots, like painting up to tsgogo vin on the streets of the city. At the Pop-shop, you can get some extra goods - bags and t-shirts. Haring explains it this way: “Pop shop to make my robots accessible to the public. Tse fate on the greater equal. Sensation for those who didn’t want to make speeches, they would make art cheaper. Otherwise, it seems, the mysticism is being overrun by the mysticism.”

Grafiti became the starting point for artists and designers in Pivnichniy America and in the whole world. American graphic artists Mike Giant, Pursue, Rime, Noah and others have made a career in designing skateboards, clothing and clothing in such popular companies as dc shoes, Adidas, Rebel8 Osiris or Circa. At the same time, a lot of writers, such as DZINE, Daze, Blade, The Mac, pretended to be artists, like they work in official galleries, moreover, they often win in their work not only an aerosol farba, their first instrument, but also other materials.

But, perhaps, the most obvious example of how graffiti penetrated pop culture is the French team 123Klan. The 123Klan team was put to sleep in 1989 by Scien and Klor. Step by step, the stench turned to illustrating the design, continuing to practice graphic art at the same time. As a result, they began to develop designs, logos, illustrations, and clothes for Nike, Adidas, Lamborghini, Coca Cola, Stussy, Sony, Nasdaq and others.

Development of graphite in the world

Pivdenna America

Meisterno vikonane grafiti in Olinda, Brazil.

Brazil “is written in a unique and rich graphite style. Vaughn has gained an international reputation as a mission, where you can go for creative inspirations ” . Graffiti "literally blossoms in any possible little corner of Brazilian cities". Often draw a parallel "between today's Sao Paulo and New York in the 1970s." “Sao Paulo, which is rapidly growing, becoming a new Mecca for graffiti artists”; The famous graphic artist and creator of stencils Tristan Manco seems to be the main dzherel, like in Brazil, “I live, the energy culture of graphite”, “the chronic life and unemployment of Brazil, the constant struggle and the filthy mind of the lives of unfortunate people”. On a par with other countries, “Brazil has the most stable distribution of income. Laws and tributes are changed more often. All these factors, adding Manco, lead to the fact that economical barriers and social tension, which break up the already unstable society, support and foster the development of “folklore vandalism and the lower version of the population in the world of sports”, that is Americanism.

close Skhid

On the stick of capital graffiti is gaining more and more popularity among young people, access to professional farbi, specializing in video and video. The first graphic festivals and promotions are being held.

Materials and technique of folding graphite

Today, the graphic artist has a great arsenal of tools for creating a successful little one. Aerosol farba in balloons is the most important and most important instrument for graphite. Vykoristovuyuchi two tsі materials, the writer can create a great number of different styles and techniques. The aerosol farba is sold in graffiti shops, state-owned shops or art goods stores, and at the same time you can find a farba practically any kind.

A lot of artists who are engaged in graffiti are also filled with a similar type of art - stencil graffiti. In principle, it is better to apply the little one with aerosol farboa through a stencil. The artist Mathangi Arulpragasam, who also performs under the pseudonym M.I.A. , who became famous in the early 2000s after organizing exhibitions and publishing some colorful stencils on the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka and British life, including his music videos for the singles "Galangy Done" - his own interpretation of the theme of political zhorstokostі. Stickers with її little ones often appear on the stovpah and road signs near London. M.I.A. herself became a muse for faceless graphic artists and artists from rich lands.

John Feckner, nicknamed by the writer Lucy Lippard “the head writer of the city’s middle, the opposition’s purveyor”, guides the earth with his majestic letter installations, like wine painting for an additional stencil on booths all over New York. His messenger mayzhe always pointed out on social and political problems.

Anonymous artists

Graphite artists are constantly under the threat of punishment for doing their jobs in public places, so for the sake of safety, those who care about them for better become anonymous. Banksy (Banksy) is one of the most popular and most popular street artists, who continues to adopt his own identity in the face of bulk. Vіn became famous for political and anti-war stencil grafіtі near Bristol, but yоgo roboti can be used from different places from Los Angeles to the Palestinian territories. In Britain, Banks has become a kind of icon of the new artistic movement. On the streets of London, in front of it, there are a lot of yoga little ones. In 2005, Banks' roci painted on the walls of the Israeli retail bar, de-satirically depicting life on the other side of the wall. On one side of the vine, having painted a dirka in concrete, through the yak one can see the paradise beach, and from the other - the mountain landscape. Since 2000, exhibitions of yoga robots and deeds from them have brought great money to the organizers. Mystery Banksy is a miracle example of a classic anti-vandalism and mystotecstva. A lot of pocinovuvachіv mystects praise and support this diyalnіst, just like the city government respects it with acts of vandalism and the destruction of private authority. Rich Bristoltsiv vvazhayut, scho with their graphs Banks lowers the value of life and gives a filthy butt.

Punk-grafiti having taken off its development in Amsterdam: the whole place was literally written off by the names 'De Zoot', 'WoRmi', 'Vendex' and 'Dr Rat'. Specially for taking pictures of these graffiti, a punk magazine called Gallery Anus was founded. Since hip-hop music penetrated the cob of the 1980s to Europe, that active culture of graphite was already flourishing here.

The development of graphic art in the minds of art galleries, colleges, street art and underground art led to the fact that in the 1990s the forms of art reappeared, which were clearly expressed by the hosts of political and cultural propaganda. Tse appeared in anti-advertising, created slogans, that image, which lamyat conformist statements about the world, imposed by ZMI.

Until this hour, the art of graphic art is considered illegal, krієm quietly vipadkіv, if the artist does not victorious permanent farba. Starting from the 1990s, more graffiti artists turn to non-permanent farb through low reasons, but it is more important that in such a time the police will be able to present the artist with a call. In some spilnots, such nedovgovіchnі robots are based on more, lower robots, created by permanent farboi, to which the stench often hangs thoughts and moods of all sleepiness. It is similar to the protest of the people who are protesting in the street, they are the same non-legal, albeit effective protest.

Decals, if a lot of artists in one place work with non-permanent materials, between them blames on the kshtalt of unofficial magic. Tobto chimney little ones become short-lived and do not collapse, then the artist deserves a greater honor and chance. Unseen, little thought out robots are immediately erased, and the robots of the most recent mitzvahs can wake up to a few days.

Non-permanent farbs are painted in the main ti, for whom it is more important to consolidate control over the lane, to create a strong wind of the art, which turns politically chi іnshi look.

Contemporary artists victoriously use different techniques and often incomprehensible techniques and skills. For example, Oleksandr Brener victorious and visualized the works of other artists, giving them a political sound. Navіt vinenі yoma suduї viroki vіn representing as a form of protest.

Sobi vyslovlyuvannya, with which the artists of chi yogo association are embodied, already strongly vary, change, and militia always praise each other's robots. For example, in 2004, the anti-capitalist group The Space Hijackers created little ones about those who are superbly capitalist elements in their little ones, and about those who interpret political images like wine.

With the greatest manifestation of political graphs and graffiti, with the help of such political groupings, they express their thoughts. This method, due to its illegality, has become a favorite among the groupings that are excluded from the established political system (for example, vkrai levi or vkrai pravo). The stench is really such a deed, that they don’t waste pennies - no money - for official advertising, and also, that the “establishment” or the “ruling top” control the mass information, not giving the opportunity to develop alternative views radically. Looking at the graffiti, which victorious with such groupings, it sounds more simple and transverse. For example, the Nazis did not paint the swastika sign or other Nazi symbols.

Another innovative form of graffiti was seen by Great Britain in the 1970s by members of the Front for the Liberation of Pennies. It was a great time for an association of underground journalists and writers, which included that playwright Heathcote Williams, as well as that playwright Jay Geoff Jones. The stench began to win paper pennies like propaganda of countercultural ideas: the stench redirected banknotes, sounding like John Bull, a caricature image of a typical Englishman. Undaunted by its unhappiness, the Front for the Liberation of Pennies, having become a true representative of the alternative London literary trade, roamed about on Ledbroke Grove. On this street there has always been a lot of humorous graffiti, which express the ideas of the anti-establishment.

Graffiti vikoristovuyut for demarcation of the territory, de-skinned grouping can be a simple set of tags and logotypes. Such graphs seem to show a foreigner, whose territory. Little ones, tied with street groupings, avenge taemnichi signs and strongly stylized letters-initials. With this help, the warehouse of groupings is voiced, the names of opponents and allies, but most of the time, these images simply signify borders - both territorial and ideological.

One of the most famous graffiti of the socialist epoch was the image of Brezhnev and Honecker on the Berlin wall. Author Dmitro Vrubel.

Graffiti both legal and illegal advertising

Lawful graffiti on the windows of a grocery store. Warsaw Poland

Graffiti was painted as both legal and illegal advertising. The New York team of writers TATS CRU became famous for running advertising campaigns for such corporations as Cola, McDonalds, Toyota and MTV. The Boxfresh store in Covent Garden won stenciled stencils from the images of the revolutionary posters of Sapatista, paying for those non-standard advertising to help promote the brand. Smirnoff, an alcohol manufacturing company, hired artists to create "reversible graffiti", so that the artists drank and drank from different surfaces at the city in such a manner that, in a clean city, they folded small advertising text (reverse graffiti). Shepard Fairey, who foresaw the legendary poster of Barack Obama HOPE, launched a campaign to put stickers across America, on which the phrase “The giant Andre has his own gang” is written. Fans of the book about Charlie Keeper drew stenciled graphics from images of dragons and stylized titles of the book in order to win her respect.

A lot of graphitchikiv razzinyuyut legal advertising is not like "paid for and legalized graphite" and speak out against official advertising.

Decorative and high temple

The exhibition was made up of 22 New York graphic artists, including Crash, Daze and Lady Pink. In an article for Time Out Magazine, the curator of the exhibition, Charlotte Kotik, said that the exhibition should encourage viewers to look at their own graffiti. Axis as if reacting to this exhibition Terence Lindall, artist and director of the Williamsburg Art and History Center.

“In my opinion, graphite is revolutionary. If you can respect the revolution with malice, but if people want to hang on to themselves, they need a breath, it’s natural to write stench on the walls.

In Australia, artists recognized the figures of artistic graphite as such, which could have sufficient artistic value and designated graphite as a form. figurative art. The book "Australian Painting 1788-2000 Years", published by Oxford University, ends with a long discussion about those who borrow graphite in today's visual culture.

Modern artistic graphic art - the result of the old history of traditional graphic art, like a handful of words, was simply a rip-off of words or phrases, and now the expressions of thoughts and feelings have turned into a pictorial art.

From midnight to April 2009, 150 artists put up 300 graphic works at the Grand Palaci near Paris. So the French artistic world has created a new form of figurative art.

Mutual graphite and vlady

Pivnichna America

Sign of criminal grouping on a road sign. Spokane, Washington

Zahisniki take graphite as a reward for transforming the supple space, or as a demonstration of the works of art; their opponents vvazhayut grafiti nezazhany pereshkoda or an act of vandalism, scho require significant koshtіv on the renewal of the zipped lane. Graphites can be seen in the context of equal life: opponents of graphite support, what is there, de є graphite, vinikaє vіdchuttya zlidnіv, zapusіnnya, and also the promotion is almost unsafe.

On September 1, 2006, it was decreed by law, proponated by a member of the city for the sake of Peter Vallone, for persons up to the age of 21, mothers of aerosol farba or permanent markers were protected. Tsey law was vyklikav oburennya from the side of the famous businessman and fashion designer Mark Eko. In the name of young artists and "legitimate" graffiti wines, having filed a lawsuit against the measure of Michael Bloomberg and a member of the city for the sake of Vallone. On May 1, 2006, the court session took place, and George Daniels was pleased with the court hearing. On May 4, 2006, the recent amendments to legislation, directed against graphite, were scrambled, and the police department had to fight for the exchange of free graphite. Similar to the world was presented in April 2006 before the sight in the vicinity of New Castle, Delaware, and was officially accepted a month later.

In 1992, a law was passed in Chicago to prevent sales and savings in aerosol farby, certain types of engraving tools, and markers. The law passed after section 8-4 of the “Administrative Code on Public Order and Welfare”, section 100: “Vagabondage”. A special law (8-4-130) having recognized the graffiti as a malice and transferring the invoice to a fine of less than $ 500, I will transfer the payment for the transfer to the public place of alcohol abuse, for the destruction of other trade, and damage to the service

In 2005, the government of Pittsburgh created a data base of graphs, in which they fixed see different graffiti that appeared at the city. For the help of a database of data, it is possible, according to the principle of similarity, to know all the graphs of one writer. In this rank, a lot of evidence against the suspected artist was markedly increased. The first graphite, for whom they recognized the creation of a great number of graphite in all places, was Daniel Joseph Montano. Yogo was called the "King of Graffiti" for those who signed their tags higher and lower on 200 booths. Yogo was sentenced to 2.5 years of free will.

Europe

In Europe, there were also arrangements for the liquidation of graphite, as if for an hour they started up the obov'yazkiv from non-streak energy. So it happened in 1992 in France, when the members of the scout team were so inveterately underestimated graphite, that two prehistoric images of a buffalo were destroyed in the Meiry cave, not far from the French village of Bruniquel. For the same reason, in 1992 the scout teams were awarded the Ig Nobel Prize in Archeology.

Astronaut. Artist Viktor Ash. Berlin, 2007 rіk

19Ž44 logo of Lithuania

At the spring of 2006, the European Parliament put the food for the necessary creation of new laws by the European Commission, which are worthy of the Mishka middle ground. By the method of such laws, it can become obstructed by the fouling of rubbish, smittya, graphite, excrement of creatures, as well as the overworld noise that is vibrated by domestic and superfluous musical systems on the streets of European cities.

The law of 2003 against anti-social behavior became one of the newest in the British legislation against graphite. At the beginning of 2004, as part of the “Keep Britain Clean” campaign, there was a press release, which called out to the fierce fight against graphite and supported the idea of penalizing writers directly to the “mischievous evil”, as well as the idea of \u200b\u200bfencing the sale of rock and aerosols to individuals. This press release is to judge the use of graffiti in advertisements and music videos. Behind the words of the authors of the release, the real side of graffiti is even more evident in its “cool” image.

In support of the campaign, 123 members of the British Parliament (including Prime Minister Tony Blair) signed a charter that read: “Graphites are not magic, graphites are evil. In the name of my choices, I will do everything in my power to relieve our burden of this problem. Regardless of the reason, the artist himself appeared in England, otherwise, as if he were calling himself guilty, the art-terrorist Banksy, who turned the style of British graphite upside down (hanging on the forefront of stencil graffiti - for more swedishness) and changing yoga zmist. Yogo roboti spovennі satire s drive social and political state of Great Britain. Often vіn malyuє mavp ta schuriv.

Vidpovidno to the law on antisocial behavior, for the sake of british mischief, the right to live by entering against the vlasniks of the zipped lane. So ring out from the guards of the budvel, so as not to clean up the graffiti and otherwise see the confusion from the protection shields.

"Shvalene grafiti" in the town of Stroud. Gloucestershire, England

In the fall of 2008, the fate of the county mitzvah was condemned for the fate of the navmis malice. For three months, the police kept watch over nine members of the DMP team. They called us at the head of the mine's shkody, estimated at 1 million pounds sterling. Five team members won prison terms from 18 months to 2 years. The unprecedented scale of the investigation and the arbitrariness of the punishment anew ignited a suspіlnі debate about those who vvazhat grafiti mystekstvo chi evil.

Deyakі mіskі poradit, yak, for example, near Stroudі Gloucestershire, saw the whole zone, degraphers toil the right to paint. Such zones include underground tunnels, parking lots and walls, on which at any time - legally or illegally - there are graffiti.

Australia

Mayuchi we want to reduce vandalism, a lot of Australian places have seen special walls and zones for graffiti artists. One of such applications is the “Graphite Tunnel”, distributions on the territory of the University of Sydney. Whether a university student can paint there, advertise, cry, or hang on to yourself, be some other rank.

The pribіchniki of such an idea seem to reduce the riven of drіbny vandalism and push the artists on the creation of the right mystekstva, without being afraid to be punished for vandalіzm chi psuvannya myna. Opponents sue such a pidkhid and argue that the legal grounds for graffiti do not necessarily reduce the number of illegal graffiti. In some regions of Australia, "teams against graffiti" are blamed, as they eliminate graffiti from their region. Such graphite-aggregation like BCW ("Buffers Can't Win" stands for "bad people don't win") is spelled a little ahead of such commands.

Orders of wealthy staffs hindered sales or savings of aerosol farby by persons for up to 18 years. Irrespective of the price, a small number of local authorities of the state administration recognized the cultural value of singing graffiti, among them - the most important political graffiti. Suvori laws against graphite, adopted in Australia, pay a fine of up to 26,000 Australian dollars and two more aggravated.

New Zealand

In the fierce fate of 2008, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, Helen Clark, voiced about the strengthening of the penal entrances of schodo graffiti. Vaughn called the graffiti a wickedness, pov'yazanim іz intrusions and zapodіyannyam Shkodi hromadskomu and private lane. Adopt a little bit later legislation avenged the sale of aerosol farby to persons under 18 years of age, and imposed a penalty for graphite from 200 to 2,000 New Zealand dollars. Instead of a fine, the court may recognize the trivial terms of the community's work. Food tegingu was hotly discussed after the incident, which was spent in the winter of 2008 in Auckland, if the summer housekeeper stabbed one of the two writers of the pidlіtkovy vіku with a knife. Yunak died, and the man was ringing at the hatred of the beat.

Asia

Street art in poetic form. Taiwan

Graffiti as vandalism

Div. also

Literature

Fedorova Y. St, Latin inscriptions, M., 1976.;
Stern E. R. "Graffiti on ancient pіvdennorusskih ships" / / ZOO, vol. XX, 1897;
Visotsky S. Kyiv graffiti XI-XVII cent. - Do., 1985;
Powers S. The Art of Getting Over. Graffiti at The Millennium. - N.Y., 1999;
Rappaport A. Graffiti and High Art // State Center of Modern Art, 09.11.2008.

Documentary and feature films about graphite

1979 - 80 Blocks from Tiffany's - a documentary film that tells about the 1970s crazy Bronx gang. From an unfamiliar angle, the Puerto Rican capital of the Pivden Bronx is presented, many of the right members of the group, the police and the heads of the collective.
1980 - Stations of the Elevated - the first documentary about graffiti in the New York subway. Composer - Charles Mingus.
1983 - Wild Style - a drama about hip-hop and graffiti culture in New York.
1983 - Style Wars ("Vіyni styles") - one of the earliest documentary films dedicated to hip-hop culture. Taken from New York.
2002 - Bomb the System ("Bomb System") - a drama about a team of graffiti artists who work in modern New York.
2004 - Quality of Life ("Yakist zhittya") - a drama about graphite, filmed in San Francisco. Golovnu role vikonav kolishnіy grafіtchik. Win also taking part in the script
2004 - The Graffiti Artist (Graffiti Artist) - a feature film about the life of a young artist, even a self-made one. Yogo little ones - that's all that can be in my life.
2005 - Piece by Piece ("Shmatok za shmatkom") - a full-length documentary film, dedication to the history of graffiti in San Francisco from the 1980s to the present day.
2005 - Infamy ("Bad Glory") - a full-length documentary film about graffiti culture, as presented in the descriptions of six graffiti artists and graffiti lover. A
2005 - NEXT: A Primer on Urban Painting ("NEXT: a dictionary of Russian painting") - a documentary film about graphic culture in the whole world
2005 - RASH ("Spalach") - a full-length documentary about graffiti in Melbourne and graffiti artists who are engaged in street art.
2007 - BOMB IT - a documentary about graffiti and street art on five continents.
2006 - Wholetrain ("Warehouse") - artistic drama, about graffiti, friendship, conflicts, and also the life of the low social levels of Nimechi.
2007 - Jisoe - a film about an Australian writer from Melbourne, showing graffiti in ordinary Moscow areas.
2009 - Roadsworth: Crossing the Line ("Crossing Rice") - Canadian documentary film about Peter Gibson, an artist from Montreal, that yoga cross stencil work.
2010 - Innapau - Russian Steel - Russian film about graphite culture
2010 - Exit Through the Gift Shop

Graffiti today is widely recognized as a part of youth culture, but in the 70s, if only New York experiments were initiated, everyone was watching for a place for a good tattoo and could not show what it could lead to. Who cares about vandalism and degradation of the place. Ale for writers, yakі rizikuvali life, boules zaareshtovanі і molodi, directors, і zreshtoj kuratorіv, yakі zahoplyuvalis him, grafiti was a form of art. Galleries and museums have overtaken such an idea by more than an ear of the 80s, since graphic art has become a part of the art boom.

Until the mid-70s, a lot of subway cars were covered with “top-to-bottom” little ones (burn to the bottom, so called “masterpieces”), through yak from the subway car it was not possible to call those who were calling. It's time for the writers of gold, even the greatest sprits and days could become "kings" past "all-city" (all places - note of the author), writing their own in all five areas of New York. Mer Lindsay (Lindsay) in the 1972th year, having voiced the first war with graffiti, the cob was protracted, the battle went on to its climax in the grass of the 1989th year, if the rest of the graffitiation of the 1989th year, if the remainder of the graffiti was left to exploit

Today the graffiti is supposed to be erased by the retailer from the windows of the subway cars, the air is alive and wonderfully felt on the outskirts of the city. And why the Internet is so full of graffiti sites, it has become a phenomenon of light.

Cob (1969)

Ivor L. Miller, author of "Aerosol Kingdom: Subway Painters of New York City": People wrote symbols on the walls from long ago. For the last time, I would like to name New York like the 60s, if the younger generation gave the artist an opinion on the public protests of Black Power and the movement for the rights of the people. Undoubtedly, new viniclo with the introduction of balloons with farboa, under the influx of psychedelic posters and with the appearance of a colorful television broadcast. Projects of Manhattanville, which were known on the street in 125th street in Zakhidny Harlem, there was an important writer on the name of TOPCAT 126.

Sharp: TOPCAT 126 came from Philadelphia like the 60s, maybe 1968. Having planted the tags on the streets, then we hit the Julio 204 and TAKI 183, and at once the stench kindled the fire

.C.A.T. 87: For example, in the 60s, I have a lot of small letters on behalf of TAKI 183 everywhere, JOE 182 and Julio 204. Once I engraved on 182 streets and viishov JOE 182. Vin was one of the best writers of all time. Vin said, “Watch what they write in the newspapers!” There's a cartoon lad, who scribbled a little on the wall and said, “You JOE 182?” And the writer said to you, "Ni, I'm yogo primara." Because no one could drink yoga. Vіn buv already a taєmnichoy person.

MICO: We started in different regions, but in us we had one bed of rice: we all wanted to be home. I started baby in East Flatbush with a 1970 roci. Then I slowly got to know people from the us chotiroh districts. We went to the writer's office on 149th Street and the Grand Concourse near the Bronx. And there was another lava for Brooklyn writers on Atlantic Avenue. At Washington Heights, go to 188 and Audubon Avenue. We just went out for a walk, marveling at our robots, and maybe someone could come and take our autograph. C.A.T. 87 letters from Washington Heights. TRACY 168 from the first generation. COCO 144 sounded living at 144 Street and Broadway, the number 144 appeared.

LEE: I got to know a great number of people sitting on a bench on 149 streets. At that hour it was much easier, everyone came and tasted the stories.

I'm hanging out in the Bronx. Me and my friend FJC4 handed out legal documents to Queens - my father was a lawyer and for hours of walks we got markers. We didn’t think at all that our tag would be renewed again, but on the way back to us, the same train and order for our tag had already put a new signature. The price was similar to communication. At that hour, New York was sunk into darkness. We had inflated veterans, they turned to V'etnam, we had military protests, and we had street gangs.

C.A.T. 87: I'm with the Savage Nomads gang. We had Saints boules on 137th Street and Broadway, Young Galaxies were based on 170th Street. Ale I buv C.A.T. 87 and lads from other districts fought my name, and instead of asking me to help beat me, they asked for an autograph.

Jeff Chang, author of "Can't Stop Won't Stop: History of the Hip-Hop Generation": Rich bands had graphite writers, especially in the largest bands, such as "Black Spades", "Savage Skulls" and "Ghetto Brothers". The stench marked the territory and painted the vests of the participants. At the same time, there were graphite teams, as if they were moving around in gangs and could cross their territorial separation. Zreshtoy, the gangs have lived for themselves and the graphite writers can be vvazhat by the pros of the new era.

MICO: We did not name the graphite on the cob of the seventy. We simply said, "Let's go for a farm this evening." Graffiti is the term introduced by the New York Times to express the art that the youth of color were found to be guilty of. Yakby was found guilty by the children of the rich and the spitting fathers, the stench was branded with the avant-garde Pop art.

Hugo Martinez, founder of United Graffiti Artists: In 1971, if the CAY 161 and JUNIOR 161 were farmed to the bottom of the wall at the station 116 street. This moment is significant. I Norman Mailer wrote about it in The Faith of Graffiti - the first book that was dedicated to graffiti. Around 1971 CAY 161 also made an angel's wing at the Bethesda Fountain in Central Park. Mustache talked about tse. It was worth it if the Puerto Ricans took their Bethesda fountain with them.

You will need the most and most safe place, so that your little one will be recognized by yourself. I wrote my name in white farboa on the wings of an angel at the fountain of Bethesda and a lot of people said: "Wow, how did I get in there and grow up?" I pulled myself up on one crill and that bay.

Richard Goldstein, author of "The Graffiti 'Hit' Parade": I was honored with the idea that the graphite was painted on top and I created it in a different way. Tse buv even more creative pidhіd, about those, like it is to bring a new look to the old expanses, zanedbanim booths, nap_zruynovanim underground passages and turn them into real centers of energy. I know Hugo Martinez, who was a student at that time, and I knew me from a lot of children in those days. The stench is all from Washington Heights. I began to marvel at the social warehouse of everything. Tse allowed people to unite, create commands. І all the whole maw of your own jargon, the presence of a significant spirit between the regions.

War of styles (1971)

Jeff Chang: Your name is your brand, and write your own for the sake of making money. Yakіst (aesthetic style) and kіlkіst (kіlkіst poїzdіv tі stіn, yakі vy zrobili) є є є є є є є schob chastа а brand on the market grew. If you have the best name on the line or in the districts, then you are the king. After that, like the New York Times scolded about Taki 183, there was more competition, tse adopted a swedish change in style.

LEE: It was for the purpose of showing the great side of capitalism, that the mother wanted the largest portfolio of stocks and bonds, the most expensive car.

MICO: 1971, I was one night at the Sheepshead Bay clerk - this is a tunnel, where the trains are rushing for rush hour. I know the names of PAN 144, COCO 144, and ACE 137 on these trains. Farba was still fresh. Tse vydkrilo our eyes, as you can rob all the place.

: I live near the IRT, and there is a guide between the 137th and 145th streets, between the teeth. My style was sometimes called a hit (from English Hit): just a signature in one row.

MICO: Hitting The more hits you robbed, they became homeless. "Vbivstvo" (type English Killing) or "bombing" (type English bombing) were three different things. Tse meant to embellish the walls of the area - with hundreds of hits in the form of MICO, MICO, MICO and to drive in a subway car. Abo ti moment zrobiti povnotsіnny shmatok (from English - Masterpiece), really great shmatok, which was planned more z eskіzu.

I'm the first one who started victorious stencil. Price buv stencil COCO 144 with a crown on top. I tried to develop my swedishness and I painted my own in such a way richly swedish.

MICO: The letters became more fancy, bigger than ever. Kozhen tried to do something else. I was engaged in a public-political work and, unfortunately, I had no competition in this sphere. One of the most important moments in my career, I respect the lighting of United Graffiti Artists.

Hugo Martinez: I conceived the United Graffiti Artists of 1972 as a collective, which could provide an alternative to light art. I succumbed to the cob of American painting, the Crimea a long time ago before everything appeared in Europe. These children were inspired by hippie ideas about kohannya, peace, freedom, and the democratization of culture, reconsideration of the goals of science. The stench was the triumph of the salt of the earth over private power.

MICO: There was an association of the best writers from different regions. You could become a participant, as if you were kind, then they asked you for a conversation. I had my first exhibition at Soho, at the Razor Gallery. The first canvas, which I sold to the collector for 400 Baku coins, was the canvas from the images of the Puerto Rican ensign. The goal was to try to convey the form of the subway art to the gallery.

LEE: Most of the writers were turbulent by the development of elements, the stench did not think about those who would gather together on the walls of the gallery. Young people were zatsіkavlenі at the created brand, literally, on their territory. Such a position was heroic.

On what today everything
next time check for the continuation of the history…

You can practically get to know this type of modern visual art in any place. Rose-painted walls of houses, fences, sheds will help you with this. And just as categorically not to see such a way of self-expression of young people, but respectfully admire the little ones, then you can perekonatisya, that everything looks even more beautiful.

From ancient times to modernity

The history of graphite begins in the distant past. Even our ancestors also made little ones and inscriptions, less than the best on the skeletons. That word "graffiti" in Italian mine means "to tinker".

Modern graffiti originated in the 70s of the 20th century among teenagers and was respected by the mysticism of the street. The first little graffiti boules were viconanies near the New York subway. In the same place, the first writer appeared, putting under them his signature and the number of the quarter, in a sack: "Taki 183". Before the speech, the writers are the artists, like they paint at the Pіsl Taki 183 near the other quarters of New York, there were signs, like they started painting on the walls of the city, near the pіdїzdakh, smіttєvih tanks. The stinks guessed their own conscience and wrote them in an unintelligible font.

In Russia, її graphite vinyl in the 90s. Before the speech, at once from the break dance. Aje is all part of hip-hop. Writers were not just painted on the walls and parquets, the stench held hip-hop festivals, where they showed their art.

What is graphite?

This one of the rest, to the point of speech, is called street art and may be a complete list of different types.

In different countries, the world is not the same as street art. France, for example, has its own kind of the art of legalization. On the right from the carriages on the trains, you can dance the faceless little ones, which are famous for different styles of street art. In Russia, painting graffiti in the public places is a criminal malice, for which a fine is transferred, or to inspire freedom of will.

Ale tse in huge places, and є vacant lots, zanedbani budovi, dead-end deaf little streets. Until then, some budding firms themselves will ask for fencing around the yards, and bags of rich toppings to give the artists freedom of graffiti in the yards and pid'izdakh. And even more days of graffiti-festivals and other festivals, various exhibitions of writers, so that I can show the mysticism of graffiti in all beauty in large places.

What is graphite? To be more precise, it would be better to write on the walls with multiple images of the letters of the alphabet. Ale graphite is constantly developing. Old and new original styles of letters are being improved, sprays with farboi are being modernized. Plenty of little ones reached the writings. Now, deakі artists for the help of balonchikiv from farboi create the right miracles of art.

Graffiti: how to learn how to draw

Artists with experience work to start writing essays, then experiment with the “third” world, work out signatures about it. You can boldly add arrows, bulbs, zmishuvati farbi from different spray cans. The ignorance and confusion of the little one will give more respect, and you will be helped to see what kind of graphite.

And all the same, the best pleasure for those who start to take up graffiti, - vicorate not a spray can, but an olive. Paint at home on the arches of paper, zmalovuchi like a little baby, or look like good characters.

If you are satisfied with the result of the painting on paper, think about creating a sketch of a little one, which you will then transfer to the wall.

In the meantime, you will learn how to work stencils for graffiti, exactly how to paint the technique of thinness and yaskravyh farb, find out why you need markers, airbrushing and kepi, like a farb, it’s better to cup and why you can’t paint in windy weather. Only knowing all these subtleties, you can clearly understand what such graphs are like.

Graphite culture

It appears, it's understandable. It includes two main rules. Pershe - the writer does not in any way psuє in a good way budinki. Wine can only be created there, de facto, it is necessary to live the gloomy and fresh landscape of the industrial zone, or the zanedbany wastelands, backyards.

On the other hand, the writer does not in any way zafarbovuє little ones of other writers, otherwise it is not possible to inflict on the new slander that hostility of colleagues.

graphite ( graffiti in Italian graffito - writing) - street painting. Superechki in addition, we’ll directly mark the art of chi varto vvazhati grafіtі so that an act of vandalism does not smell and dosi. Before the graffiti, it was accepted to see whether images were placed on the surface of the walls, budding and other large-scale objects. What is it, how is this wine directly, how is it developing, what is the accepted practice of introducing graphite into modern art?

History of graphite: from the ancient world to the new hour

At the same time, graffiti is accepted to name any kind of street art and rozfarbovuvannya walls; Nezalezhno vіd step profesіonalіzmu applied image. In history, this term has already been conquered for a long time. Moreover, earlier, I went to two understanders, so it’s like dipint and graphite. The term is similar to the Greek word "graffiare", which in translation from Italian means "to shave". The word “dipint” meant inscriptions, crushed with farboi.

This is a fact: earlier, the techniques of raging and applying farbi were often combined. Apply such a technique, which the potters were afraid of, as if they were writing on the upper ball of the farbi, thus exposing the inner ball. Obviously, it is important to call such a technique at once graphite in a classic roaming word, but it was also one of the first examples of the technique used. Especially often the masters signed their robots in this way.

It is accepted to analyze the history of graphite from the moment, if the wall writing was revealed. The first examples were known in the lands of the Ancient Skhod, Rome, social and Greek. Formerly, be it a graphic, like a bula was applied to the surface of the walls, it was signified like graphite, and in the rich countries it was regarded as an act of vandalism. Namely, but the first little ones appeared already at the thirtieth thousand years before ours. The on-wall images themselves became the prototype of that directly mystetstvo. So, like tools, natural pigments and fine objects were victorious: so, like brushes of creatures, stones and stumps of hardened rocks.

Ancestors of graphite - old-fashioned rock babies

The first prototype of graphite, which we called bachiti yogo at once, was ruffled near Ephesus, which is found in Turechchina. Before the wines lay ancient Greece and navit zberig badges of culture. The first text was an advertisement for the services of a new one. The little one depicted the line of the palm, which far away guessed the heart, the figure and the beat of the leg. All this little one is treated as the sum of payment for singing services.

The ancient Romans also spared a little humor, and most often robbed caricature graffiti from the images of the owners. Todі tsey directly vykoristovuvsya like a tool and for osvіdchennya in kokhanni, and transmission of their thoughts and for political rhetoric. At Pompeii, the volcano Vesuvius erupted, various curses, magic spells, the alphabet, the political faded and richly different. Yak zrozumilo z th list - directly buv more richly faceted. Zavdyaki tsim, I’ll write in the distance to solve a lot of riddles and unreasonable aspects of roman language. Vrakhovuyuchi low rіven illumined by the greater part of the people, richly written, they appeared as a serious help to rozumіnі movement.

It is noteworthy that the graffiti practically appeared overnight in various parts of the world. Navіt near Egypt on the territory of the historical complex of Giza, the successors knew the impersonal writings and little ones, which were also brought to this style. It matters that they have been deprived of alarm clocks and religious deacons for an hour.

Graffiti vikoristovuvalosya navit there, de not a good connection with civilization. The ancient tribes of the Maya, in one of their largest settlements - Tikal, deprived the impersonal little ones, which they took good care of. Dovga and rich history of the appearance of graphs and similar words. Novgorod has saved 10 butts of robots, as they commemorate the eleventh century. The greater message of this people carried a prayerful message, although some may know that it is a hot message. Varto signify that folk spells were often applied, even if people were zabobonnymi.

Already in the era of the Renaissance, such famous artists as Michelangelo and Raphael broke into the golden house of Nero de viruzali powerful names, after which the stench began to work actively. Later, the French soldiers littered the writings at the beginning of the Egyptian campaign, which was captured by Napoleon. Lord Byron also left his mark at the Greek temple of Poseidon. On the first hour of the Second Holy War, the Radian soldiers destroyed the majestic number of inscriptions on the walls of the Reichstag.

The origin of modern graphite

Apply the graffiti of the new hour to the base, on the basis of which the present day was created directly. A lot of culturologists vvazhayut, scho schochasny kind of uninterrupted matches with hip-hop and break-dance. Prote, tse pardon, even the first whilya of the little ones appeared in the 1920s at the New York subway, which is why it was so easy to call the theory. Babies can often be seen on the surface of the cars, as well as at the pedestrian crossings.

Inscriptions on train cars in New York, 1920s

Sweat, at the hour of the Other Holy War, the words “Kilroy was here” began to spread. Tsey wrote announcing the end of the war again. Over the years, she began to add to the images. This phrase was celebrated by American soldiers under the hour of war, through which the phrase was recognized in American culture.

Famous graphic art from the Other Svitova “Kilroy was Here”, 1940s (current interpretation)

Then there was a hell of a lot of writing all over New York saying "Bird Lives". In Paris, during the strikes of 1968, the phrase "L'ennui est contre-révolutionnaire" became popular, which in translation means "Boredom is counter-revolutionary." As can be seen from these applications, drawings of the whole foundation of the people were intertwined in yoga culture.

Center for the development of graphic culture

There is no formal one center for the expansion of graphite culture as such. Some people think that the center of this directly is the city of Sao Paulo, which is the inspiration for graphic artists from all over the world. This place is often compared to the New York of the 1970s, here the atmosphere is similar. The period from 1969 to 1974 is considered to be revolutionary in history. The very same originated impersonally directly, and the center for the development of this kind of art moved from Philadelphia to New York. From that hour, New York itself was taken as the center for the development of graphic art.

Svіtovy dosvіd opistanja grafіtі that power

The whole world has a two-way staging to street art. In rich countries, graffiti is vandalized, and people who inflict small things are fined or sued to administrative punishment. In some countries and states, for such diyalnіst, they indulge the will.

In the 1980s, Philadelphia created an organization to fight graffiti – the “Philadelphia Anti-Graffiti Network (PAGN)”. Vlada Shvidko began to realize that graffiti and wall paintings are actively expanding less in the poor districts of the city. Different graphs have their own reflections of the life of people. Then the government of the USA began to fight with devastation in places in order to incapacitate the blame of the little ones on the walls.

Photo by documentary graphic artist Marty Cooper for Subway Art

In 2006, a member of the city for the sake of on behalf of Peter Vallone, having propagated the issuance of a bill, zgіdno zgіdno zgіdno sіmіm people, yakі did not reach 21 roku, mothers with their own real markers or aerosol farb were harrowed. The same fashion designer Mark Eko filed a lawsuit for violating the rights of artists, and the same fate was heard. The supporters of Mark Eco were satisfied, but they saw the corrections of the legislature. Vіdomy vipadok, if in Chicago in 1992 before the sale of fenced aerosol furbite and іnshі zasobi applied small ones on the wall. In the same fate, a law was seen that imposed a fine of 500 dollars on those who put graffiti on the wall.

With this amount of fine, having exceeded the sum, it was imposed for perebuvannya with alcohol intoxication in the community, as well as for the disruption of religious services. In 2005, a system was created that allows the little ones to be entered into a single data base, which made it easier for the artist's jokes, and even behind a wild drawing, it was easier to reveal the author's. One of the first plantations was Joseph Montana, who was called the king of graphite. I wrote more than 200 days, for which I was sentenced to 2.5 years of freedom.

The fight against street artists was also observed in Europe. A law was passed to prevent sales of aerosol farby to individuals who have not reached 16 years of age. And, regardless of those that the greatest struggle for graphite was feared by the Great Britain, the most important artist appeared here on the prize of “Banksy”, who was called an art terrorist. Naytsіkavіshe, after the old fates of the fight, yoga robots were brought into the cultural bathhouse of Great Britain. The artist knows the light, the wines are installed in all countries, the art of yoga works for millions of dollars. Ale navіt in a different way - yogo special dosi is not revealed.

Policemen vantage Banksy's robot into a car. New York, 2014

The struggle with street painting has gone on and on. In Iran and Israel, the art is directly followed by the law. And in Singapore, the American school was sentenced to 4 years of freedom. With whom, in Hong Kong, a writer (graffiti writer) on behalf of Tsang Tsu Choi, who has watched the title of “King of Kowloon”, and partly of his work is rebuffed by an official zahist.

Zvorotny bek: the formation of graphite as a new direct art

Jean Michel Basquiat was accepted as one of the first artists, who started his career from real little ones. Vіn having filled in short phrases with a deep zmіst throughout New York, for which he gained popularity. The project was ended with the phrase “SAMO IS DEAD”, after which a new stage began in the life of the artist. Look, together with Endi Warhol they victorious stencil technique for applying the image on the wall.

Among the moderns, I especially popularized having taken off a street writer on the "Banks" prize, whose specialty was tormented by mystery. Vіn destroying the current nutrition and the vismіyuє absurdity of the situation in the current politics. Bagato yoga robots were recognized as light masterpieces.

Materials and technique of folding

Today's writers win the number of low tools:

aerosol farba (and anonymous application technique)
markers
rollers
penzlya
stickers
cardboard stencils and in.

As an experiment, magnetic light and projections of little ones were victorious. Artists are engaged not only in restoration, but in the transformation of old robots, new technology applied. "Yarnbombing" conveys a variety of knitted fabrics that are fastened to the baby. It is being established now between classical graffiti and installation.

See that style of classic graffiti

The songs of the application technique took away the names of the authorities. "Tag" (tag) - the main technique, which may be on the signature of the writer, applied to his name. Sounds like the technique of "graphite tagging", as it is one of the most popular at the moment. You can write mothers initials, letters, calligraphy. "Pissing" - one of the different types of teging, as if transferring the filling of an empty fire extinguisher with a farboa, after which small ones are applied to it. The folding nature of this technique lies in the fact that it is too massive, that it is often difficult to rob it.

"Trow-up", also "bombing" - are painted swidko, with one or more decal colors. Here it’s a smut to apply the little ones, sacrificing yoga for an hour. "Masterpiece" is a foldable vikonannya named after the writer. “Roller” or “blockbuster” are massive robots, which are consonant with other manners. When folding, the rollers and rollers are twisted, for the help of such a technique, the farba lies on the entire surface of the wall or the object. "Wildstyle" is one of the most popular types of graphite. It is characterized by cunningly wise forms of letters, intertwined together, with serrations. Okremo next guess about such a phenomenon, like “capping”, which can be covered with one image in another. This method is vikoristovuєtsya for psuvannya alien robots and do not hover in the midst of graphite writers.

Blockbuster

masterpiece

Graffiti - tse okremy svіt, where people mate with their mine. The stench is to carry a messenger, to strike reality, to be afraid to think and to laugh. To love directly chi buti the opposite is an individual choice of the skin.

Articles on topics:

Association of Self-Regulatory Organization "Bryansk Regional Association of Projectors Changes at Federal Law 340 VID 03 Last week, for the help of our St. Petersburg expert on the new Federal Law No. 340-FZ dated April 3, 2018 "On the introduction of amendments to the Local Code of the Russian Federation and the legislative acts of the Russian Federation". accent buv z	Who will cover the cost of alimony? Alimentary fencing - tse sum, which is settled in the absence of penny payments for alimony from the side of the goiter of an individual, or private payments for the singing period. This period can last an hour as much as possible: Until now
Dovіdka about income, vitrati, about the main state service A statement about income, vitrati, about the mine and the goiter of the mine character - the document, which is completed and submitted by persons, if they claim to replace the plant, renovate for such transfers of insane obov'yazok	Understand and see normative legal acts Normative-legal acts - the whole body of documents, which regulates the legal framework in all areas of activity. Tse system dzherel rights. It includes codes, laws, regulations of federal and municipal authorities, etc.

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