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The image will be worn on the square. Linear perspective

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Captions before slides:

Points at a Glance Basics of Linear Perspective

Intro. Front perspective. Kutov perspective. Tritochkov perspective. Visnovok. Plan

In the figurative art of the object, the basis of the form of which lies in a rectangular parallelepiped, may 1, 2 or 3 points immediately fallow in the form of yogo growth at a glance, the surface of the picture

One (head) point is immediately tapped at the front perspective, if the planes, which form the frame of the object, are stitched either parallel to the plane of the katini, or perpendicular to it, then the stitching object is “straight” according to the look of the poster. Frontal perspective

In this situation, the lines parallel to the plane of the picture become parallel, and the lines perpendicular to it converge at one point on the line to the horizon. Such a point is called the head point immediately. head point immediately

P Frontal cube perspective

Frontal perspective of the room

street perspective

Possible different position of the object according to the line of the horizon.

Kosokutna (kutova) perspective Kutov's perspective of the object vinikaє, if the object is spread on a horizontal plane, but turns like a plane of the picture.

A skewed (edge) perspective In a skewed perspective, the vertical lines are less parallel, but converge to the horizon. As a result, two bundles of lines come out, which converge, at the same time two points at the same time.

Here it is also possible to set up an object according to the line of the horizon.

Krapki immediately znahoditsya on the line of the horizon. Vіdstan mіzh them lie down in vіd vіdstanі vіd posterigach to the plane of the picture. What they gave the posterigach, then they gave the points right off the bat.

Vіd vіdstаnі mizh points immediately deposit sprynyattya ob'ektіv

1. As a way to spread out distant points at once, close one to one, it seems that the objects that threaten you are more dramatic. 2. More "normal" appearance is created, as if one point at once (otherwise insulting) to go beyond the border of the little one. 3. As soon as the points of the kill were dispersed, there are fewer visible ways to appease the finished little one. Explanation to the front slide

Kutova perspective of the interior

Kutova street perspective

In a real painting, different options are heard: some objects are frontally stitched, others under different cuts

In such situations, there are different additional points at once for a particular object

Three points at a glance Such a prospect wins, if the object is not only under the hood to the posterigach, but also on the frail surface where the posterigach looks straight ahead (or the posterigach’s glance under the hood to the surface of the earth).

Often the third point is immediately necessary to depict tall buds from below, from the “height of the bird's flight”.

Such a perspective is called a three-point perspective. AT English language If the third point is right off the bat, the term Worm's Eye perspective is victorious. Worm's Eye (literally) - the look of a worm. Correct: the Russian language has the term “toad perspective”, which means an image from an even lower line of the horizon, if the objects are “lifted” above the posterigach.

In the figurative art of the object, in the basis of the form of which lies a rectangular parallelepiped, may 1, 2 or 3 points immediately fallow in the form of roztashuvannya at a glance, the surface of the picture. At the front and apex perspectives, the points immediately lie on the line of the horizon, in the three-point perspective - one point is located in the mountains or at the bottom of the picture (sound the pose of the boundaries). When different objects are depicted, different options are heard: some objects are stitched frontally, others under different folds. Pіdbivaєmo pіdbags

For respect!

Behind the topic: methodical developments, presentations and summaries

Rozrobka before the lesson figurative art on the topic "Rules of Linear and Appropriate Perspective" include a report plan-outline of the lesson and a presentation with reference material.

Terminological dictation "Image obsyagu on the square and linear perspective. Illumination" (grade 6)

The terminological dictation for the 6th class of figurative art consists of 20 meals, which are viewed by those from a linear perspective, enlightened.

Qile:

• Learn the rules of perspective.
• Vchiti imagining the landscape according to the laws of perspective and transferring depth to space.
• Refine the technique of work with watercolors in a sire.
• To attach love to the little fatherland, to develop in the meantime bachiti and appreciate the beauty of the native lands.

Ownership: scheme for changing the height of the line to the horizon, a scheme for assigning the line to the horizon on the picture plane, a guide, a demonstration map "Find pardon in perspective", images of a pedagogical baby, reproductions of paintings by landscape artists, photographs of views of the native village

Glossary: edge view, linear and reversed perspective, line to the horizon, picture plane, glance.

Lesson plan:

1. Organizational part.
2. Povodomlennya those lesson.
3. Repetition of twisted material.
4. Vyvchennya new material.
5. Fixed.
6. Staging mystetskogo zavdannya.
7. Physical culture.
8. Self-supporting robot.
9. Translation of knowledge.
10. Podsumok lesson.

Hid lesson

Nі, not a locality pulls me,
Not Farbi, I'll remember to remember,
And those who have tsikh farbakh to shine.
Love and joy of buttya,
Vaughn is spilled everywhere.
Vaughn creak, de beauty.
I. Bunin

1. Organizational part.

- Hospitality;

- Readiness review before the lesson.

2. Remind those of the lesson.

Teacher. Boys, today we are talking about the landscape, about nature native land. Learned from the laws of perspective. Learn to show the clay to space.

3. Repetition of the twisted material.

Guess what it means to understand the landscape? Correct is the genre of figurative art, the subject of which is an image of nature, a kind of mass. It is true that Holland is the fatherland of the landscape, and as an independent genre of wines, it was born in the 17th century. You can see that landscapes are subdivided into rural, urban, architectural, industrial, park, marine.

4. Development of new material.

Today we are talking about the rural landscape, to that we live in the rural world and this landscape is the most dear to us. The skin of a person can be a small fatherland, those are the place, the girl was born. Russian wisdom seems to be: "When you are born, there you will be rewarded." Most of you are small Batkivshchyna - the village of "Maslovsky" in Novousmansky district.

Kozhen of you, singsongly, knows our missive poet Maria Ivanivna Neretina. Let's listen to one of the verses.

Reading study.

I go through the meadows, I go through the fields
I along the blue birch river.
I whisper softly, why don't you zraju,
Road, dear Russia.
And in the spring, breathing in the gardening aroma,
Rozumiyu - happy all the same.
My Voronezky region is rich in beauty,
I don’t have yoga in the world dearer.

Listening to rows, involuntarily yavlyaєsh know the lands. At once, we marveled at the photo of the village, as prepared by a student of the 10th grade, Fomina Masha.

No wonder it seems - mother earth, mother nature. Tim themselves show love to the native land. Landscape painters depicted the beauty of Russian nature in their works. The butt of the canvas of Russian artists - lyricists.

Isaac Levitan"Falconers".

Fedir Vasiliev"Svitanok", "Let me tell you".

Ivan Shishkin"Dash at the oak fox", "Wound at the pine fox", "Fox gave".

Schob competently write a picture of the need for mother knowledge about the future.

perspective- Tse system of vіdobrazhennya on the plane of the depths of space.

For the sake of discussion, let's talk about the planning of the picture.

Foreground. All objects are taken in volume, the color is the most contrasting.

Middle plan. The volume of that color gradually fades.

Rear plan. Everyone gets angry in a puffed-up serpentine.

(Slide 3)

Shown perspective- Changing the objects under the influx of the increased medium and space, changing the color, the contours, that degree of illumination, which blames the world on the appearance of nature in the eyes of the posterigach.

(slide 4)

Linear perspective- exact science, how to imagine on the surface of the object the necessary reality that the corruption of reality was created.

(slide 5)

Need to know legitimize the prospects

1. In the world of change, objects change dramatically.
2. The color is pale.
3. Contrast is progressively reduced.
4. Nearby objects are depicted in detail, and distant ones are blurred.
5. In the distance, light objects are darkened, and dark ones are illuminated.

(slide 6)

Look at the scheme of the line assignment to the horizon. Knowing from understanding - thought, line horizon, picture area.

dot zoru- Tse look from one unbreakable point.

Line to the horizon- Whole line, how to be known on the level of our eyes.

Painting area- the image of visible objects is in order, for some reason.

(slide 7) Discussion from children.

And now let's brutally respect for change schemes the height of the line to the horizon.

(slide 8) Discussion from children.

5. Fastening

The time has come to practically review it, as you have mastered the material. For which victorist we can use the demonstration material “Find forgiveness from the prospect”. Let's talk about the options for both the reverse and linear perspectives. It is necessary to know the pardons and explain how to suck them.

(Slide 9,10,11) Discussion from children.

6. Setting up an artistic director.

And at the same time, lads, vikoristuyuchi take away knowledge, you paint the edge of technology in orphan.

1st stage of work.

– Forgive the Olivet create a contour baby (slide 13)

2nd stage of work.

- Moisten everything with water and quickly change the color of the solution.

- Start the robot from the sky, from the background to the front (slide 14)

3 stage of work.

- Paint the finer details on a dry farbi ball.

– Strengthen color contrast (slide 15)

7. Physical culture

Close your eyes, relax. Show yourself that we are going with green onions along the winding roads, so that it is far to be ruined here. A row of stitches in the foreground delights the look of a squire. The trees on the distant plane are shading their clear contours and are small. Birds are chirping overhead, fluttering in the clear black sky. In front of you, I will check the receptions of the zustres, seeing the joys of that happiness.

8. Independent work.

Learn to independently design sketches of the landscape, zastosovuyuchi practical otrimani knowledge.

9. Knowledge revision.

Choose the correct answer from the presented options

Perspective is...

1. the science of color.
2. image from the zastosuvannym line to the horizon.
3. a system of fermentation on a flat expanse of depth.

(slide 16)

10. Pouch for the lesson.

Exhibition robit Young, lads, landscapes looked superbly different. You were able to win love to the native land, zastosuvat lawful prospects at your work, by the same token revealing the depth of space. The skin of your creations deserves special respect. For a little more thoroughness, I recommend to continue the work of Oleksiy Savrasov, Vasil Polenov, Igor Grabar and other artists who explore the beauty of Russian nature.

Home tasks: write an essay on the work of one of the best landscape painters.

Yaku raznityu wi bachite
at the picture?
writing hour
painting hour
pictures - era
Epoch of Renaissance
Serednyovichchya

In the era
Serednyovichchya
(5-15 st.)
you can look at the world
name
vertical - vіd
earth to heaven.

In the era of the Renaissance (15-16 centuries)
the world has changed. Yogo can be called
horizontal - coal space
Leonardo da Vinci "The Last Supper"

Stretching century artists
virobly image methods
navkolishny light on the square,
yakі sweatim changed into
regulations. With one of them today
let's know.

Linear perspective

- the whole image system on the flat
depths of space.
This system includes methods
images that are allowed
create the illusion of space
flats.

How to paint on the slopes of the edge of the country,
yaki mi bachimo for viknom, vide
promising little ones, but slo u
At times it will be a picture area.

Rosmіri, shape, clarity of contours of objects
change drastically in fallow land
in the distance.
A. Gerasimov.
"Bilshak"

in the distance from our eye of the world
subjects are changed.
At

horizontal lines,
for example,
rails, wires, sockets
smoog on autoways vіddalyayuchis, how to converge
at one point on the visible line of the horizon.

And from the vertical lines of the stovpiv, budinkiv, trees become vertical, even if we change in the distance.

The line of the horizon is clearly visible, if you stop
in the open space and marveling in the distance,
where the sky converges from earth and water.

When climbing a mountain, the line moves to the horizon and increases the viewing space

If you sit on the ground, then the line to the horizon
to go down and visibility to change.

Line
the horizon
know each other
eyes to marvel.

Three main equal to the horizon
Look below equal
horizon.
Objects are higher than the line
horizon, which is visible from below.
Position on the horizon.
Items are on the line
horizon.
Look higher than equal
horizon.
Items are below the line
horizon, that can see
beast.

Basic lessons for the lesson
The horizon is a distant line,
such a heaven can converge from the earth.
Krapka right off the bat - tselyanka to the horizon, on
Yakumu zaliznichni slats
disappear out of respect.
The horizon of expansions is at your height
the eye is independent of the one on which
in the face of the earth.

Bulgarian middle skylight school №1

from the destruction of vchennyam okremikh subjects.

District seminar of readers

artistic and aesthetic cycle on the topic

Lesson ІЗО at 6 "A" class

by topic:

"Perspective"

teacher ІZO

IIqualification category

m. Bolgar 2009

Perspective.

Target: Learn to convey the space on the image area.

Develop the skills of painting perspective.

Vihovuvati interest and watchfulness to the necessary light.

Possessing that material:

1. Pictures of artists,

2.Scheme to encourage the perspective of the little one (slide)

3. For students: album, olive, gumka.

Hid lesson

org. Moment.

Regional view (slide 1.)

Guys tell me what is shown in this picture? (landscape)

What does the artist want to show in the landscape? (nature, expanse)

So. Today, it dawned on us that the edge of the country - tse us in front of the image space. Ale rozumіnnya ways of picturing the expanse was different from the different epochs.

In the era of ancient Egypt, the images did not create the illusion of a hole in the wall, but straightened the flatness of the flat, spreading in rows, like rows of leaves. Images moved peacefully, rhythmically repeating gestures. The image was transferred to the square not in that way, in whichever way the eye is, but in the one that most expresses its essence.

1. wall painting. Ancient Egypt. (Slide 2.)

The ancient Egyptians took one picture of the beast, front view and profile view.

2.Sad ta rates. Ancient Egypt. (Slide 3.)

The art of the Middle Ages focuses on the spiritual and emotional life of people. The images carry a symbolic and rosy, opposing sense.

3. Miracle of Archangel Michael about flora and laurel. Icon. Russia. 15 century. (Slide 4.)

Bilya expanse your icons, induce your laws. The icon of the nіbi looks like the people who stand in front of it. The lines in the icons, as if they were continuing, converge in front - on people who pray, they do not blink at him.

In the epoch of Revival in the mysticism, having taken a mountain of interest until marriage, one really guards the light and specialness of a person. І axis appeared "vіkno", through the yak the artist marveled in the distance, and the understanding was born - perspective, line to the horizon, point immediately.

What is perspective?

Perspective - tse zasіb imagining the depth of the little one, conveying the expanse of the image area.

Example: uyavimo zaliznitsyu. Must know what slats to lie in parallel but tse means that the stench does not stink anywhere. (Slide 5.)

But if we stand on the path and marvel at the distance, then let’s say that from far away we see the slats converge closer, closer, for now, nareshti, not piling up at one point. (Slide 6.)

You yourself can succumb, as if to go to the straight lot of the splendid road. Only here instead of rails converge the edges of the road. The point, de reiki chi the edges of the road zadnuyutsya, name "point to point". Qia dot zavzhd lie on lines to the horizon. (Slide 7.)

Word "skyland" everyone, obviously, know. With this word we call the line, as if we see the sky in the visible earth.

The line to the horizon is high and low, for the sake of variety. For the transmission of earthly distances, a high point to the dawn is needed, and if the line to the horizon is ruffled in the lower part of the picture, we would like open spaces of heaven. (Slide 8-9.)

And what does one see with objects in the world of their remoteness? (Slide 10.)

The stench is changing, the color is changing.

Let's name the basic rules of linear and reversed perspective:

1. Straight, parallel lines converge on the little one at one point.

2. Objects that go near the distance, change near the world.

4. In the world of distant objects, colors lose their intensity and contrast, shine.

5. The close shot is warm and contrasting, the middle one is soft, the far one is bright, aggravated, everything is angry at the smoky serpentine.

Practical work:

Today, with you, we will draw a street for all the rules of perspective, but on the back of the head it will be її on the doshtsi.

(The robot was teaching the baby, posting the street, discussing the skin care)

1. May the sheet be horizontal.

2. Draw a line to the horizon (temporal)

3. Small road with a convergence point on the horizon line.

4. Budinki, starting from the first plan.

5. Let's forgive the oliver.

Sub-bag for the lesson:

The analysis of robots - I will show the best to the whole class.

Robot farbami on the offensive urotsi.

Home tasks:

Caution of linear and reversed perspectives.

Bring farbi, jar, penzli.

slide 1

Main provisions of the theory of linear perspective Zamorina Marina 303 gr. Kerivnik: Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor S.I. Gudilina

slide 2

Perspective Objects in a useful sense are found in space, so some of them are closer to us, others are farther away. Like, for example, marveling at the electric lights, which are far away from the poster, or the telegraph stations, then you can work, like the stinks are created such that they change in height, wanting to really make the same rozmіr. the little one is bigger

slide 3

slide 4

Changes in the size of objects, which are located on a different distance from a peephole, can be stitched on the butt of a booth, ruffled bridles of a street. In such a rank, if objects are known to the eye, then the stink is less. If one marvels at the same subject from different places, or if one changes the position according to the position to the point of view, then one should visually perceive it in a different way. Apply: Colo Book

slide 5

Colo ZVOROTNO When changing the position of the stake according to the date to the posterigach, you can bachiti, how to change your outline. In one direction, you can sway at the right stake (like it is stoked frontally), in another direction - at the sight of the ellipse, in the third - at the sight of a straight line. It’s worth laying in the same way as the position is borrowed according to the date to the level of the dawn (line of the horizon) and to the plane of the picture. WISNOVOK

slide 6

THE BOOK OF ZVERNENNYA Changing the outline of an object in a fallow position in the slightest way can be stitched on a book. The book can be spread according to the size of the eye so that in one slope we have two, and in the other slope - three її flats. WISNOVOK

Slide 7

Visnovok REVERSE On the basis of the buttstock, you can make such a visnovok - the type of the object is changed in the fall depending on the type of dressing of the posterigach.

Slide 8

Linear perspective The development of the theory of linear perspective as a method of depicting spacious forms on a flat surface was studied by such prominent artists of the Renaissance as P'etro della Francesca, Paolo Uccello, Leon Battista Alberti, Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer and others. Engraving by Albrecht Dürer

Slide 9

One of Durer's engravings gives a statement about the principle of taking perspective images, which is the basis of that current theory of linear perspective. Here we may have the following basic elements: the object of the image, a single unbreakable point of sight (the artist marvels at the object with one eye through the pipe), the clearing of the plane, the gap between the object with that eye of the poster, on which the little ones are seen. Show little ones

slide 10

slide 11

The possibility of imagining an image on a clear plane of an object is explained by the laws of variation, the expansion of that glare of light. Vіdbіtі change svіtla, scho vіd vіd object, zastrіchayuchi vіd slyakh prozor flat, obstructing nibi nіbi trace like a faceless dot. Yakshcho tsі vyavnі point of view, mi otrimaemo at tsіy plane contour of a visible object. This value will be less than the actual size of the subject, which is to be guarded. look over the little ones

slide 12

REVERSIBLE Similar images are viewed as a perspective image of objects, removed by the central projection method, so that all changes in the change pass through one point - the optical center of the eye (zinitsya). The height of this point in practice is defined as a horizontal plane, which passes on the level of the eyes of a small one, which is depicted as a horizontal straight line and is called the line of the horizon. A rectangular projection looking at the plane is called the head or central point.

slide 13

The guarding of nature through the gap and formed the basis of the term Perspective. A gap is a vertical plane, through which the artist creates objects, theoretically perspectives are usually called the plane of a picture or a picture. about what was already meant more. Moreover, this little one complies with all the rules of linear perspective.

slide 14

Perspective ZVOROTNO (from Latin Perspectus - stinging of a sho-nebud, clearly slapping) - one of the ways to depict volumetric bodies on a flat or on a surface, it’s possible to change their size, shape and clarity, to call out the space a step in the distance from the posterigach.

slide 15

The picture area ZVERNENNYA This area is a middle ground between a painter and an object that is guarded, from one side, between nature and the area of ​​the paper arch, on which the image will be - from the other side.

slide 16

Truly, on the right, we call it otherwise. They paint not on the open spaces, but on the splendid slit paper, and before nature they don’t set up a clear space. Rozmov, about the clearness of the plane with painting from nature, we can go as if it were possible to see through it objects with improved perspectives, or as a clear plane of the picture from the sky, let’s shove it on the arkush paper, which is to lie in front of the little one. Inquiry Literature