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Complicated ischemic heart disease. What is unsafe ischemic heart disease

Ischemic ailment heart (IXC) - ailment, as it develops as a result of insufficient blood supply of the myocardium behind the coronary arteries through a change in their lumen. Show different symptoms: angina pectoris, disrupted heart rhythm, myocardial infarction and rapt heart death.

The diameter of the arteries of the heart is even small - 2-4 mm, so they clog them more, lower, for example, the aorta or the sternal artery. About 25% of cases of early death and disability in summer people fall on ischemia of the heart. In this case, the cause of rapt coronary death won't be registered in the skin of the third ill woman and in half of the people who suffer from IXC.

Form an illness

Ischemic heart disease manifests itself without any clinical forms. Signs of them are not given for a long time, although in the body there is already a ruinous process. Other symptoms call out, but you can't help but remember.

• Bezboleva, or "nima" form th in people with a high pain threshold. It is more often heard by people and women who are engaged in an important physical practice, and by those who are evil with alcohol. The risk group also has people after 60 and diabetics.
• The most common form is angina pectoris, or "angina pectoris". If it is blamed for a sudden onset of factors, then it is called stable or angina pectoris. If it is important to prostezhit, that you yourself provoke an attack, go about unstable angina (angina pectoris, calm, that attack is blamed on calm).
• Myocardial infarction - in the early part of the heart membrane through the disruption of the blood flow to the center of the plant.
• Cardiosclerosis and chronic heart failure. For the form of ischemic disease, the heart on the myocardium becomes scarred from scar tissue. Changes in the business do not take the fate of the short-lived m'yaz, call the hypertrophy of the heart and deform the yogo valve. The normal process of pumping blood is broken, and the heart suffers from lack of sourness.

Symptoms of a heart attack can be blamed for such a phenomenon as coronary spasm. Vin also disrupts the bleeding of the myocardium. However, it is not a ringing through a plaque, but a reflex spasm of the coronary arteries (due to fear, cold, pain, with infectious inflammation). My mood is not about ischemic heart disease, but about past ischemia.

Cause that mechanism of development

The heart mucus (myocardium) is supplied with blood by two arteries, as if they are in the aorta, they are divided into sprats of tiny little needles and they spit on the heart with a “crown”, or a “crown”. There is another name for the coronary arteries - crowns. The skin from the number of judges' needles live on the heart's heart, and as one of them sounds, the tissues begin to suffer from acidic starvation, it develops ischemic disease of the heart.

In this order, without a middle reason for IXC is the lack of need for cardiac myocardium (myocardium) in vital speech and sourness and the possibility of their delivery through the coronary arteries. So traplyatsya, as if the arteries change through atherosclerosis, but atherosclerosis provokes other factors, which is added to the passage of the vessels:

• spasm of the coronary arteries;
• they have established thrombi after rotting plaques;
• disruption of the rapid growth of the myocardium.

The persistence of arterial hypertension also worsens the bleeding of the myocardium and provokes the development of ischemic heart disease. Make sure that the coronary arteries are healthy, the sound of other vessels changes the blood flow to the heart mass.

On the cob of ailment, heart disease “on a starvation diet” is less likely to be carried out with significant physical stress: running, walking with vantage, important physical work. Years of pain and attacks appear at the Daedalus of weak ambitions, and then the heart ceases to cope with its function and at peace. In parallel with stenocardia, there is an increase in heart failure with back and bruises.

Raptogenesis of an atherosclerotic plaque provokes the start of the process of thrombosis. Small clots migrate through the bloodstream and dissipate over time. Great buildings more often, or maybe more often, block the coronary artery and provoke a myocardial infarction, a heartbeat and rapt death. Myocardial infarction, which always leads to death, but ischemic ailment after a new progress is made.

What influences the severity of angina pectoris?

The severity of angina pectoris depends on the location of the plaques, their length, the number of stenoses, and how many arteries suffered from them. It is important to have an ailment, which less becomes the enlightenment of the coronary arteries, the damage caused by cholesterol attacks. You can see three steps of their sound:

1. Inappropriate. Officials riziku vzhe vplyvayut on the coronary artery, that yoga lumen is filled with wide. The sounds are less than half lower, the heart is coping with the adventures.
2. Іstotna. The lumen of the artery is reduced by 50-80%. In a calm person, people do not feel the symptoms of illness, but at the hour of physical troubles, the heart no longer sours and sour speeches.
3. Critical. The diameter of the artery changes by over 80%. The heart is no longer able to cope with the least challenges, and heart failure is settling. In order to develop a myocardial infarction, the lumen of the artery may be reduced by 25% from its normal diameter.

Show that severity of angina pectoris in case of ischemic heart disease to lie down and in addition, as atherosclerotic plaques are spread on the inner wall of the judge. So called eccentric (75%) cholesterol levels occupy part of the lumen of the coronary artery, and concentric (25%) cover the entire diameter.

Eccentric shawls are more likely to grow, more shy to develop (in times of transition to a healthy wall of the artery) and more risky for myocardial infarction. Concentric - call for a post, or fixation of the feet of the ringing of the coronary artery, which is more likely to lead to acute coronary symptoms, but sometimes forms a heart failure.

Factori risiku

Factors of risk of ischemic heart disease and її complicated by a significant world are avoided by such for atherosclerosis:

• Become a human being (atherosclerosis and IXC are threatened for 45 years for men, and 55 years for women), early menopause in women. This difference is explained by the fact that until the present menopause, estrogen (female hormones) protect the woman's body from atherosclerotic plaques.
• Summer Vic.
• Decay (atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction in close relatives).
• Atherosclerosis; diabetes and other endocrine pathologies that lead to disruption of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism; hyperthyroidism, hypertension; increased blood viscosity.
• "Nervous" robot chi stress in Sim'ї; insufficient physical activity, more often – physical overload; alcohol and chicken.

Women with diabetes in any other country suffer from IXC as often as people. People of both articles with impaired carbohydrate metabolism suffer from it more early in life, lower, who have a normal level of glucose in the blood.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of ischemic heart disease are heaviness, pain behind the sternum, trivality for a few seconds up to 20-30 minutes. On the cob of ailment, people sometimes stray and signs of angina pectoris with a stove.

• Angina pectoris, as the name screams, provokes physical stress or psychoemotional overstrain. Vaughn is characterized by three signs:
  • A squeeze, a heaviness behind the sternum (“a stone at the breasts”, “nibi clench the heart at the fist”); rіzhuchoy, scho crush pain. Won can be local or in front of the shoulders and shoulder, under the shoulder blade, in the neck, lower slit. Possibility of weakness in the left hand due to the daily pain.
  • Zalezhnіst attack in the form of physical, emotional stress.
  • I will attack in 10-15 seconds after taking Nitroglycerin or provoking factors.

  As if a sick person has all the listed signs (ischemia of the heart), to talk about a typical variant of angina pectoris, as if two of them, be it ever so - about atypia, cause some need to be diagnosed additionally. One sign can be indicative of those who could be more pozadzhennya.

• Angina pectoris calmly is called a form of illness, with such an attack it is accompanied by severe pain and develops in calm or insignificant susilla - sickly, changing the position of the body. With any possible risk of arterial pressure, tachycardia, torrential petritis, tedium and vomit, not tiredness. On unstable angina pectoris, I suggest those that it is not difficult to manifest itself cyclically and at the singing hour (often at night and when waking up). For a sick attack, a sick person needs to take nitroglycerin once in a while.
• Mayzhe in 60% of cases of myocardial infarction there is an attack of angina pectoris: pains in the heart are blamed for rapt, often accompanied by unreasonable fear and panic. For a long time, the signs of ischemia grow, and become unbearable. On the lookout for pain in angina pectoris, stinks are not used with nitroglycerin and other drugs and try until a few years.

Coronary death: how to prevent hardship?

According to statistics, up to 70% of deaths in men and women with IXC are caused by acute heart failure and a tooth of the heart. Rizik increases after taking alcohol and for obvious disruption of the rhythm of the heart, especially in the pulmonary (paroxysmal tachycardia).

The death of a patient in whom does not start a mitteva. You can come for a stretch of six years from the cob of a painful attack or attacks of tachycardia. That’s why it’s necessary to call a shvidka negainally, as if on the aphids of “savage” angina pectoris:

• signs of disorder of the central nervous system - confusion, "flies" in front of the eyes, sharp weakness, paresis and judiciary;
• a sharp decrease in arterial pressure;
• Nudota chi vomit, bіl belly, flatulence.

In people, the risk of rapt death is higher, lower in women, so there is no mention of diabetics. Imovirnіst zupinki heart moves in quiet, who after myocardial infarction vinikla aneurysms of the heart.

In the minds of the hospital in case of early death, a defibrillator and drug therapy should be put in place. As if a person had a charge for you, a heartbeat has become, її you can try to “launch” for the help of the so-called precardiac stroke, indirect massage of the heart, that piece of dihanna. The precardial is called a sharp blow with a fist from a height of approximately 20 cm from the breasts to the bottom of the lower third of the sternum. Those who don't know how to be afraid can start with a massage of the heart of that piece of crazy that they spend until the arrival of shvidko.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is started by taking an anamnesis - raising the patient about his case, concurrent illness, and those who are in yoga with this people, who suffer from heart pathologies. Detection of IXC allows skarga for stinging, which presses on the breasts, bloating due to illnesses and other symptoms of angina pectoris and heart failure. The patient is assigned a clinical biochemical analysis blood, analyzes for glucose and cholesterol, and also carry out:

• Electrocardiography (at the first appointment) or additional ECG monitoring.
• Navantage functional tests, which allow you to make a difference, how the heart copes with dosing physical challenges. For them, an exercise bike (veloergometry) or a walking track (treadmill test) should be installed.
• Medical tests (for the reaction to the drugs, one can judge the presence of ischemic heart disease).
• Scintigraphy and computed tomography of the myocardium - to assess blood flow and aneurysms.

When necessary, conduct coronary angiography. Vaughn gives the doctor the ability to diagnose the rozmіri, kіlkіst and roztashuvannya plaques in the heart vessels and the degree of disruption of the blood flow. The procedure is broken pid mіstsevim znebolennyam inserting a catheter at the stehnova or promenev artery

Medical therapy

It is impossible to overcome ischemic heart disease: having started, the pathological process in the vessels progresses irreversibly, and it is impossible to reverse yoga. ale modern methods Drug therapy is allowed to treat disease under control, to improve its development and to ease the state of sickness.

The pleasure of ischemic heart disease is directed at those who want to reduce the need for heart meat in sour and lively speeches and/or increase their delivery. The main groups of drugs for medical therapy: nitrates (the most common of them - Nitroglycerin), beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.

• Organic nitrates: nitroglycerin in tablets or aerosols (Nitromint®), Nitrosorbide, Molsidomin (Corvaton®, Dilasid®). The stench expands the veins of the judge, improves the blood circulation in the heart and knows more.
• Beta-blockers (Concor®, Atenolol [Tenormin®], Nebivolol [Nebilet®] and others). We prescribe ailments from angina pectoris, Tim, who suffered a myocardial infarction: stinks reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks and rapt death. Drugs reduce the frequency of heart rate and AT, for which the need for the myocardium changes in acidity; effective in different arrhythmias in the diagnosis of "ischemic heart disease".
• Calcium antagonists (Verapamil, Nefedipine, Norvasc® and other). Faces change the number of attacks and the need for nitroglycerin, increase the level of physical desire acceptable for the patient. The stinks galmuyut penetration of calcium ions in the cells of the heart meat, which regulates the processes of arousal and the rapidity of the myocardium.
• Metabolic preparations (for example, Preductal). The stench is injected into the exchange of speeches in the myocardial cells, helping them to resist the unacceptable infusion of sour hunger and the lack of living speeches.

Treatment of ischemia is carried out in a complex, vicarious combination of drugs. At promoted equal cholesterol in the blood is additionally prescribed statins and fibrati, to prevent thrombosis, - aspirin, anticoagulants, and for the prevention of convulsions, sechoginn.

Surgical treatment

Even though medical treatment does not give a result (attacks continue, angina pectoris progresses), the doctor recommends surgical methods of treatment. All stinks are carried out through a puncture at the shkir or through a minimum cut with video control and special equipment.

• Coronary artery bypass surgery. Vaughn believes in the fact that the surgeon forms a new blood flow, bypassing the path of the increase in coronary artery ringing. For this vicorist, there is a small piece of the patient's stena vein, or a small fragment of the internal thoracic artery.
• Vessel prosthesis - caesamin of a defective boat with a synthetic porous material. Through the years, the veins grow in the tissue of the vessel wall.
• Superficial internal lumen angioplasty. In case of manipulation, the vessel is injected through the catheter with a cryonic spray; if yoga is inflated, it expands the artery. For consumption, a stent is installed in it - a metal mesh-frame near the looking cylinder.

Selecting the type of operation for ischemic heart disease should be carried out in a fallow manner, depending on the individual characteristics of the disease. Coronary bypass surgery - the operation is chosen for people with the greatest risk of cardiovascular complications with severe angina pectoris, ischemia, lesions of both arteries, arrhythmias. With a low risk, complications (one artery is affected, no ischemia, arrhythmias) are more likely to be treated with medication or angioplasty.

Prevention

Ischemic heart disease in all її forms of the disease develops as a result of atherosclerosis. Therefore, heart attacks and myocardial infarction are mainly avoided with the prevention of atherosclerosis.

• Medical prophylaxis. For prophylactic purposes, drugs-statins (Rozucard, Mertenil, Crestor and others) are prescribed. The stench ignites liver-burning cholesterol. Faces may be a serious contraindication, so you can take them only for the recommendation of a doctor!
• Lіkuvannya ІХС is impossible without diet. Zagalom її can be considered as a diet with low cholesterol and animal fats. It is not necessary to take care of them, but it is often necessary to replace them with oil. The living is also intermedium:
  • fatty meat;
  • egg zhovtkiv;
  • offal;
  • fatty sour cream, kefir, milk;
  • rich meat and fish broths.

  People with a diagnosis of "ischemic ailment" are rich in seafood, vegetables and fruits with a large amount of cellulose, non-licorice fruits. Such eating is not only supported by judges, but it is also possible to reduce the weight, which is even more important in atherosclerosis, diabetes and IXC.

• Behavior correction. It is important that the third episode of coronary death in ailing people on IHS can be provoked by smoking and alcohol. A significant part of the heart attacks and myocardial infarctions are blamed on aphids of psychoemotional stress; IXC is more important in people who don’t hang around or can’t fully breathe. That is why people with this ischemia of the heart need to adjust the daily regimen, try to walk more, be less nervous and not get tired.

ІХС and physical adventure

When diagnosing "ischemic disease of the heart" and following a myocardial infarction, it is not possible to unicate physical activity. It's important, so that she won't give you strength.

• Learn to listen to your body! As you see, you can go (sail by the pool, heal) more, lower the school, step by step increase the excitement. If it’s important for you to vikonati planned, swell, your heart is not yet ready.
• It is necessary for the hearts to remember the rule "remember, don't get tired of the docks." It is not possible to force the venture, trying to turn to the equal to the ailment (there is more power for the people).
• It is necessary for the mother to take an hour with her own nitroglycerin or other preparations to help you.

Nitroglycerin can be taken before the future, and in case of symptoms of angina pectoris. Even if the pill didn’t work, take another one for a sprat of khvilin. Ale, as if by a protyag, I didn’t miss a pivgodini, to pin down a busyness and call a doctor. Ischemic ailment does not forgive the ignorance of your health!

Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, heart aneurysms, rapt death). Viniknennia IXC spryaє arterial hypertension, smoking, increased lipid levels in the blood, diabetes mellitus, neuro-psychic overstrain, obesity, poor lifestyle.

What are the symptoms of ischemic heart disease?

Sound in people who suffer from ischemic ailments, symptoms appear after 50 years. The stench is blamed less for the physical preoccupation.

Typical manifestations of ailments є:

• bіl in the middle chest(angina pectoris);
• a little more than a little more trouble in the air;
• blood circulation through the last part of the shortness of the heart (300 and more per fiber). Tse is often the first and last manifestation of ailment.
• Deyakі ailments, like suffering from ischemic heart disease, do not feel the pain and feel like a bad luck again to induce a myocardial infarction.

How to find out, why do you have ischemic heart disease?

Contact a cardiologist for help! The doctor will give you nutrition, which will help to reveal the symptoms and factors of the disease. The greater the risk factors for a person, the greater the ease of manifest ailment. Having poured in more factors, the risk can be changed, ahead of it the development of ailments and vinification. To such factors, chicken, high levels of cholesterol and arterial pressure, blood diabetes are considered to be risky

Remember that success is rich in what to lie in your way of life:

• Don't fire! More important. In people who do not burn, the risk of developing myocardial infarction and death is significantly lower, lower in curts;
• Eat low cholesterol foods;
• Regularly for 30 minutes, do physical activities (walking at an average pace);
• Lower your stress levels.

Symptoms of ischemic heart disease

IXC is the greatest pathology of the heart and the presence of anonymous forms.

Let's start in order:

1. Raptov's heart or coronary death - the price of naivazhcha z uxіh forms of ІХС. Vaughn is characterized by high lethality. Death is here, may it be mittevo, or by stretching the nearest 6 years, I will attack the expressed pain behind the sternum, but then ring out by the stretch of the year. The causes of such a cardiac catastrophe are arrhythmia, total blockage of the coronary arteries, electrical instability of the myocardium is pronounced. A provocative factor is the intake of alcohol. As a rule, patients do not know about the presence of IXC in them, but may have a lot of risk factors.
2. Myocardial infarction. Grіzna and often disabling form of IHS. In case of myocardial infarction, myocardium is strong, often torn apart, there was a heart in the heart, or behind the sternum, which sees into the left shoulder blade, arm, lower slit. More than 30 times more than 30 minutes, if I take nitroglycerin, I won’t pass and change less than unexpectedly. There is a lack of success, a cold fever may appear, a sharp weakness, a decrease in arterial pressure, tedium, vomit, a little fear. Taking nitropreparations does not help. A dilyanka of the heart meat, eating is relieved, dead, consuming mіtsnіst, elasticity and zdatnіst shortly. And a healthy part of the heart continues to work with the maximum tension and, quickly, you can tear up the old woman. Nevipadkovo in the vastness of a heart attack is called a heart attack! Varto only in this camp people grow even the least physical susilla, as if they are leaning on the boundary of death. In this manner, the sense of exultation is felt in the fact that the space was healed and the heart was deprived of the ability to normalize and give. It can be reached both for the help of medicines, and for the help of specially given physical rights.
3. Angina. The patient has more or less discomfort behind the sternum, in the left half of the thoracic cage, heaviness and a bit of a vice in the dilyantsi of the heart - they put a heavy burden on the chest. For the old hours they said, the man has "angina pectoralis." Bil can be different for the character: crush, squeeze, prickly. You can see it in the left hand, under the left shoulder blade, the lower slit, the area of ​​​​the flap that is accompanied by a pronounced weakness, cold sweat, almost fear of death. Sometimes, when venturing, the guilt didn’t hurt, but it seemed to be unsettled again, like passing by the calm. The trivality of an attack of angina pectoris sound a sprat of wheezing. Shards were at the heart often blamed for an hour of ruin, the people were frantic and fluttery. In connection with this, angina pectoris is figuratively called "the ailment of looking at the windows," - after dekilkoh hvilin calm bіl, as a rule, passes.
4. Damage to the heart rhythm and conduction. Another form of IXC. It's available large number different types. At the base lies the disruption of the conduction of the impulse behind the conductive system of the heart. There are signs of interruptions in the robotic heart, almost “zavmirannya”, “screaming” at the breasts. Disruption of the heart rhythm and conduction can be blamed for the influx of endocrine, exchange disorders, with intoxication and drug infusions. In a number of disorders, arrhythmias can be blamed for structural changes in the conductive system of the heart and myocardial disease.
5. Heart failure is manifested by the inability of the heart to provide sufficient blood supply to the organs for a decrease in transient activity. The basis of heart failure lies in the disruption of the transient function of the myocardium, both through death in a heart attack, and in a disrupted rhythm and conduction of the heart. In any case, the heart beats inadequately and its function is unsatisfactory. There is a heart failure in the back, weakness in the presence of tensions, and in calm, sagging of the legs, an increase in the liver and swelling of the cervical veins. Likar may feel wheezing in the legs.

Factori risiku- tse features, yakі spriyat rozvitku, progresuvannya that show zahvoryuvannya.

In the development of IXC, the role of rich risk factors plays a role. You can slip into deaks from them, but you can’t into others. Ті factori, on yakі mi we can get in, are called conventional or modified, on yakі we can’t - non-search or non-modifikovannym.

Non-modified

Non-perebornі factori riziko - tse vіk, become, race and spadkovіst. So, people are more smart to the development of IXC, lower women. This trend persists until about 50-55 years of age, then until the onset of menopause in women, if the level of women's hormones (estrogen), which may be pronounced “zahisnu” in the heart and coronary arteries, will significantly decrease. After 55 years, the frequency of development of ICH in people and women is approximately the same. You can’t do anything with such a clear tendency, as more often that constriction of the heart and the ship from the century. In addition, as it has already been planned, the race is contributing to the illness: the inhabitants of Europe, or rather living in the Scandinavian lands, suffer from IXC and arterial hypertension in a few times, even lower individuals of the Negro race. Rannє Ревостов іхs often Vіdbuvyuyuyu, if the straight of the birth of the pazіntta in Cholovіchi Lіnії Ancestors were postponed by the IFAKT MIOCARDA Aboy to 55 Rockіv, and in the right birthday of Ryodnoche Lіnії Raptov SERTSEVA Death to 65 Rockіv.

Modifications

Regardless of the impossibility of changing either your age or your own position, a person can slip into his own camp at the future, turning on the sunken factory risk. If someone has taken the risk of mutual interdependence, having turned on or changed one of them, you can use the other. So, reducing instead of fat in zhzhi to produce not only to a decrease equal to blood cholesterol, but also to a decrease in body mass, which, at its core, leads to a decrease in arterial pressure. All at once, priyaє izmenshennu risika ІХС.

Otzhe, pererakhuєmo їх:

1. Obesity is the overworld accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. More than half of the people in the world for 45 years have an overworld vag. What are the causes of the transcendent vaga? The most important vipadkiv of obesity may have alimentary expenses. Tse means that the reasons for the transcendental vag are the transition to the transcendental high-calorie implantation, instead of the fat one. Another significant reason for obesity is lack of physical activity.
2. Chicken is one of the most important factors in the development of IHS. Chicken with a high level of immunity is used to treat the development of ischemic heart disease, especially when combined with an increase in total cholesterol. The average chicken has a short life of 7 years. Kurts also tend to move in the presence of carbon monoxide in the blood, which leads to a decrease in the amount of acid, which can reach the body's blood. In addition, nicotine, which is found in tyutyun's smoke, causes spasm of the arteries, thereby causing the arterial pressure to rise.
3. An important factor in the risk of IXC is diabetes mellitus. For the presence of diabetes, the risk of IXC increases in the average more lower in 2 times. Diseases on CD often suffer from coronary disease and may have the best prognosis, especially with the development of myocardial infarction. Vvazhayut, scho z trivalnosti obvious tsukrovy diabetes 10 years and more, independent of this type, all ailments can cause atherosclerosis. Myocardial infarction is the most common cause of death in diabetic patients.
4. Emotional stress can play a role in the development of IXC, myocardial infarction and lead to rapt death. In case of chronic stress, the heart begins to improve due to advancing pressures, the arterial pressure increases, the delivery of sourness and vital speech to the organs decreases. In order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in the case of stress, it is necessary to identify the causes of this guilt and try to change it.
5. Physical inactivity, or lack of physical activity, is rightfully called the ailment of the XX, and now the XXI century. Vaughn is another factor in the risk of heart disease, so for the sake of saving and replenishing your health, it is important to be physically active. In our time, in rich areas of life, there was a need for physical practice. Apparently, IXC in 4-5 times more often occurs in people up to 40-50 years old, so they were engaged in light practice (they are equal in number, who win important physical work); athletes have a low risk of IXC, which is less likely to be saved in the fall, as the stench becomes physically active after leaving the great sport.
6. Arterial hypertension is good as a risk factor for IXC. Hypertrophy (decrease in rotting) of the left duct as a consequence of arterial hypertension is an independent prognostic factor of mortality in coronary disease.
7. Increased pharynx. Thrombosis of the coronary artery is the most important mechanism of myocardial infarction and circulatory failure. Vіn priyaє rostannya atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. Damage, which leads to the rise of blood clots, is caused by officials to reduce the risk of IXC.
8. Metabolic syndrome (a complex of metabolic, hormonal and clinical disorders, which are risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease).
9. Stress.

metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is a pathological process that reduces the incidence of disease in diabetes and ailments, which are based on atherosclerosis - ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke.

The general sign of the metabolic syndrome is the presence of abdominal obesity (about a waist greater than 94 cm for men and more than 80 cm for women) in at least two of the following indications:

• increase in the level of triglycerides in the blood over 1.7 mmol/l;
• a decrease in lipoproteins in high blood pressure is less than 1.03 mmol/l in men and less than 1.29 mmol/l in women;
• arterial pressure rise: systolic more than 130 mm Hg. or diastolic more than 85 mm Hg;
• elevation of blood glucose in venous plasma and blood pressure more than 5.6 mmol/l or earlier than the manifestations of type II diabetes mellitus.

myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction is one of the complications of IXC. In most cases, a heart attack affects people, as they suffer in the absence of rukhovo activity on aphids of psycho-emotional stress. Ale "the scourge of the XX century" can impress people with a strong physical training, inspire young people.

The heart is a muscular bear, like a pump pumping blood through itself. Ale, the very heart m'yaz is sour through blood-bearing judges, which are suitable for a new call. І axis, through various reasons, as part of these vessels are affected by atherosclerosis and cannot already pass enough blood. Blame ischemic heart disease. In case of myocardial infarction, the blood supply of the part of the cardiac mucosa is attached directly and indirectly through the total blockage of the coronary artery. Start to induce a thrombus development on an atherosclerotic plaque, more likely - a spasm of the coronary artery. Dіlyanka heart m'yaz, eaten food, guinea is spared. Latina is dead fabric - a heart attack.

Signs of myocardial infarction

In case of myocardial infarction, myocardium is strong, often torn apart, there was a heart in the heart, or behind the sternum, which sees into the left shoulder blade, arm, lower slit. More than 30 times more than 30 minutes, if I take nitroglycerin, I won’t pass and change less than unexpectedly. There is a lack of success, a cold fever may appear, a sharp weakness, a decrease in arterial pressure, tedium, vomit, a little fear.

Trival pains in the region of the heart, which last for 20-30 minutes and do not pass after taking nitroglycerin, may be a sign of a myocardial infarction. It is necessary to call in the Shvidka terminologically, the hospitalization of a sick person is carried out only by a team of helpers.

Myocardial infarction is a life-threatening situation. Treatment for myocardial infarction may be carried out only at the hospital. It is not possible for any one to try to “endure” such a camp, the call is not safe for life!

Blockade and arrhythmia of the heart

Our heart works for one single law: "Everything is nothing." Pratsyuvati vono maє from a frequency of 60 to 90 strokes per whilin. If it is lower than 60, ce bradycardia, if the heart rate is soon over 90, you can talk about tachycardia. And, obviously, as it works out, to lay our self-feeling. Damage to the work of the heart is manifested in visual blockades and arrhythmias. The main mechanism is the electrical instability of the cells of the heart meat.

The blockades are based on the principle of opening a call, the same as a telephone line: if there is no trouble, there will be a call, if you open it, then you can’t talk. Ale heart є more successful "zv'yazkіvtsem", and once I've opened the zv'yazku, it is not necessary to know the detours of the route to the signal of the wake of the rozvinenіy provіdnіy system. And as a result, my heart continues to rush at the opening of some lines of transmission, and the doctors know the electrocardiogram, register the blockade. With arrhythmias trohi іnakshe. There, too, “opening on the line”, but the signal is vibrated in the form of “opening the month” and begins to circulate without interruption. Tse viklikaє chaotichny skorochennya heart meat, shko vіdbivaєєtsya on zagalnіy yogo robotі, viklіkayuchi hemodynamic damage (falling arterial pressure, due to obscuration of those other symptoms). Axis why arrhythmias are not safe, lower blockade.

Main symptoms:

• Visible heartbeat and interruptions in the breasts;
• Even the beaten heart of a swede, or rather the beat of the heart; Sometimes bіl at the breasts;
• Zadishka;
• Zamorochennya;
• Vtrata svіdomosti chi vіdchuttya, close to anyone;

Therapy of blockades and arrhythmias includes surgical and therapeutic methods. Surgical procedure for the installation of piece water in the rhythm of electrocardiostimulators. Therapeutic: for the help of various groups of drugs and electro-pulse therapy. Indications and contraindications for all types of symptoms are more than a cure.

Heart failure

Heart failure - ce camp, in which the building of the heart is destroyed, for the safety of blood supply to the organs of the prosecutor's office and tissues, according to their needs, which, most of all, is the legacy of IXC. As a result, the damage to the heart is weaker and cannot adequately improve its pumping function, as a result of which the blood supply to the body is reduced.

Heart failure is often characterized in a dependent way by the severity of clinical symptoms. IN stay rocky obtained an internationally recognized classification that assesses the severity of heart failure, divided by the New York Heart Association. Easy, I will die, heart failure is stalely diagnosed depending on the severity of symptoms, in front of the buttocks:

• 1st functional class: it is not enough to endure the strong urge to provoke blame for weakness, heartbeat, buttocks;
• ІІ functional class: less exchange of physical goods; vikonannya normal physical navantazheny vylikkaє weakness, palpitations, buttocks, attack angina pectoris;
• ІІІ functional class: the manifestation of the exchange of physical demands; comfortable less at the station of peace; with minimal physical anxiety - weakness, buttocks, heartbeat, pain behind the sternum;
• IV functional class: nezdatnіst vykonuvaty be-yakі vantazhennya without the appearance of discomfort; symptoms of heart failure are blamed on calm.

Laboratory investigations for ischemic heart disease:

Minimum list biochemical indications in case of suspicion of ischemic heart disease and angina pectoris, it includes signs in the blood:

• total cholesterol;
• high density lipoprotein cholesterol;
• low-grade lipoprotein cholesterol;
• triglycerides;
• hemoglobin;
• glucose;
• AST and ALT.

Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease

The main instrumental methods for diagnosing stable angina pectoris include the following:

• electrocardiography,
• Test with physical urges (veloergometry, treadmill test),
• echocardiography,
• Coronary angiography (chi coronary angiography) is a method of diagnosing the state of the coronary bed. It allows you to determine the localization of that stage of the sounding of the coronary arteries.

Note. If it is impossible to carry out a test with physical complications, as well as the so-called painless ischemia and variant angina pectoris, an additional monitoring of the ECG is indicated.

Current and forecast

Perebіg ischemic heart disease is non-negotiable. Tse means that there are no benefits, that I will more and more win. All modern methods of brilliance allow this world to control the ailment and improve it, but the stench cannot turn back the process.

The heart attack goes without interruption, and in parallel with other organs: nirks, cephalic brain, subscapular fold. This process is called the "cardio-vascular continuum", including such ailments as IXC, atherosclerosis, hypertensive ailment, stroke, transient arrhythmia, metabolic syndrome and others. All these illnesses are mutually related and obumovlenі zagalnymi causes.

Briefly, the main stages of the heart-vessel continuum can be described as follows:

Asymptomatic stage– the risk factor may have its own negative impact, in the vessels of the heart they are deposited with cholesterol, but their clearance should be wide.

Appearance of the first provisniks – movement of the vice, blood tsukor, cholesterol. At this stage, cholesterol plaques in the vessels grow and can already curl up to 50% of the lumen. In the heart meat, the process of remodeling is initiated, so that the structure is changed, which leads to heart failure. The appearance of that increase in symptoms - ass, interruptions in the robotic heart, beat behind the sternum. On the ultrasound of the heart, at this moment one can see the expansion of the empty heart, the thinning of the heart pulp. Enlightenment of the arteries more sounds.

Final stage- The appearance of congestive heart failure, a sharp deterioration in the work of the heart, the appearance of swelling, stagnation in the legs, a sharp increase in the pressure, a quick arrhythmia. Pain behind the sternum with the least pressure and wind at peace.

At any of these stages, but, as a rule, at the third or fourth, there may be a myocardial infarction or a heart attack. A heart attack is not bound to lead to death, but after a new ischemic illness, you will speed up your flow.

The term "ischemia of the heart" may not be a diagnosis, but a pathological state, when the blood supply of a part of the myocardium is damaged. The heart m'yaz works without teeth all life, taking care of the passage of blood by the body. In addition, the myocardium itself can also take away the acid and life of speech behind the coronary arteries in order to support the practice, to restore the energy balance.

Impairment of vessel patency in the form of short-hour spasm to a complete overlap of the diameter leads to ischemic heart disease (IXC). This is how the diagnosis sounds like up to the current cardiological classification.

Why is myocardial ischemia unsafe?

Ischemia of the heart is the main cause of raptian mortality in the population of the procedural age. Most often, it develops in people from 40 to 50 years old, but after 50 years, however, it affects both people and women.

It is necessary to carry out the bleeding of the heart pit before replacing the m'yazovyh cells on the scar tissue. In this process, part of the affected area becomes necrotic. It is important that nerve bundles can pass here, with which impulses are transmitted and expanded, commands about the correct speed. The rhythm of the heart breaks down.

To bring the vines from the ruins of the great myocardium to a change in strength soon. Susidnі m'yazovі fiber is not easy to take wine rewitching. Tse priyaє stepwise development of heart failure.

The German scar of the wall of the heart is groaning with constant stitches. Possible development of aneurysm and rupture of the myocardium.

Where is the best place to know?

With further investigations of ischemia, it was established that the most slender to the zone is the left sliver from the side of the anterior wall of the heart, especially the yogo top. Tse s features of the blood supply of the cієї dilyanki.

Ischemia of the posterior wall of the left duct and the base of the heart takes another position at a similar frequency.

Bіchnі dіlyanki, the right slunochok, that in front of the heart, the ears cuddle closer.

Why does ischemic disease develop?

The work on the prevention of IXC, the prevention of important forms of ischemia and new methods of treatment is being carried out in all countries. The main causes of illness have been identified.

• Ringing of the coronary arteries is possible with a pronounced atherosclerotic process. The vessels of the heart are seen to the type of arteries, in which between the inner and middle balls there are atherosclerotic plaques. Їx zbіlshennya lead to step-by-step ringing of the lumen of the venous arteries, improve blood flow and help deposit platelets, which additionally leads to thrombosis and perekryvaє vessel. Among the factors that prevent atherosclerosis are hypertensive ailments, diabetes mellitus and endocrine disorders, obesity, lack of physical activity.
• Not everyone can see that viruses (influenza, cytomegaloviruses, adenoviruses) in the plaque of the intima of the artery are infested before the introduction of low lipoproteins. This is confirmed by the one-hour increase in manifestations of ischemic heart disease and widespread influenza infection among the population. Prevention of influenza avoids the causes of ischemia.
• Stresses begin to be injected into the coronary vessels, causing spasm for adrenaline. With good stamina, the spasm is quickly relieved, blood flow is not broken. Ale, in humans, due to the partial overstressing of the nervous regulation, it is not observed. Trival spasm causes a breakdown in eating.
• Nicotine and alcohol act like a provocative factor, visually disturbing the nervous function. Dim_ cigarettes have speeches that paralyze judges without middle.
• Spadkov's schilnіst grє scho among sim'yah, chinniki may be listed.

The diagram shows the mechanism of ringing of the coronary judge

Main clinical forms of IXC

International classification has solidified the clinical forms of the disease with characteristic manifestations and symptoms. It is necessary for the development of standards of excellence at all stages of medical assistance.

"Angina pectoris" or angina pectoris

A typical symptom of angina pectoris is to press behind the sternum with irradiation to the left in the shoulder, fingers, under the shoulder blade, in the crack. Other features:

1. Attack against physical urges, pereidannya, praises, breaths of cold weather.
2. Trivality of pain from 15 to 30 hvilin. To pass independently after the application of an adventitiousness, to the reception of nitroglycerin.
3. A stable break in the disease is friendly for the selection of the liquor. Patients should carry preparations that they know the pain, shoot fire, control the physical pressure.
4. With an unstable form, it’s better to turn around. Attack blame uncontrollably, for no apparent reason. Often I indicate a pre-infarction camp. A similar look can be blamed on life or develop after a severe heart attack.
5. For typical trials, attack at nighttime, which are accompanied by poison. The dose of nitroglycerin should be increased.

myocardial infarction

The pains are localized in the anterior ventricles of the chest (irradiation like in angina pectoris), have an intense and compulsive nature, linger until a few deb. In specialized departments, anesthesia is required for their total withdrawal. The cob is the most common of the wounds. Nudity, vomiting, confusion, growing weakness, buttocks are guarded. Sometimes the liver is in the epigastrium and the stomach is swollen.

Fallow in the form of breadth, posterity of different steps of the ushkodzhennya of the activity of the left stubby of the heart, the rhythm breaks down, develops. Shock state from sharp falls of arterial pressure intensive care, which will always end with a successful result.

Treatment of myocardial infarction is necessary for a specialized specialist.

Cardiosclerosis

For the form of ischemia, a characteristic development of multiple cicatricial pits. The reason for cardiosclerosis is the overgrowth of atherosclerotic plaques in the lumen of the vessels of the heart.

Even though the area of ​​injury is small, the disease progresses step by step, but it’s still inevitable to lead to heart failure in the back, tachycardia, swollen legs.

IXC without pain

This form was seen in the classification to characterize the symptoms of overrun in people with a high pain threshold, quiet, whom we call "tolerant".

Often a similar clinic is observed in summer, alcoholics, and patients with diabetes mellitus. Instead of pain, patients feel weakness, boredom, heartbeat, strength in the back, oven.

Raptova death

At the first serration of the heart, which has come to a stretch of a decade, after the pain has attacked on the cob, the complication develops swiftly. Resuscitation can be successful, though specialized assistance badly. The most lethal end occurs in people with multiple risk factors.

Diagnostic signs

Diagnosis of ischemic ailments starts from the doctor's eye, the patient's nutrition. A clear description of the complex of symptoms to indicate the signs of one of the forms of myocardial ischemia. Auscultation may reveal disruption to the rhythm. Typical noises of ailment do not give.

By the car "Shvidkoy Help"

On the level of "Shvidkoy dopomoga" the ECG follow-up is carried out. With signs of acute coronary pathology known to doctors of various specialties. On the lines of the ECG, you can see the rhythm is very fast, the growth of the tension on the periphery of the heart, the zone of ischemia, necrosis (in case of infarction), middle or middle one is indicated.

At the hospital

At laboratories likuvalny mortgage obov'yazkovo vyznachayut rіven lipoproteins and high cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose. As a rule, the growth of these indications is accompanied by ischemia. Great significance is hoped for the study of enzymes that indicate the destruction of myocardial tissue. Leukocytosis and early SHOE to talk about the stage of infarction.

ECG waves can provide sufficient information about ischemia

At a specialized hospital, additional tests are carried out on the basis of the ECG: the change of the heart will soon be changed under the influence of a dosed physical pressure (sit down, a bicycle ergometer) or it will be possible to imitate the pressure for additional introduction of special drugs. Trapleyatsya, scho show іschemіchnі zmeni, although the calm did not worry.

The ECG is carried out for a few times, change the possibility of an attack over the first day, but an offensive one.

Holter monitoring allows you to record changes in the ECG by stretching the doby. Decryption shows changes in case of a physical need for increased sleep. In this manner, one goes into registering a periodic disruption to the rhythm. Tse maє meaning of the exaltation of the sick.

Ultrasound of the heart is based on echocardiography. The method of registering hearts and empty hearts, allowing the work of the valve apparatus to work. Sochasnі fit all the data you can see in the digital values. The doctor is left with less to analyze them in the complex. For the detection of signs of ischemia, stress tests with stress tests are required.

A deep x-ray examination of the organs of the thorax allows to reveal the expansion of the heart volume, the suspicion of an aneurysm, and signs of stagnation in the legs.

The patient is put on an electrode for Holter monitoring

At specialized centers

The magnetic resonance imaging technique measures the size of the cardiac vein, indicating a thrombus.

Angiography (coronary angiography) is an X-ray sign of the heart after the introduction of contrasting speeches in the vessel bed. Significance may be the picture of the vessels that revive the m'yaz of the heart. Obstezhennya nebhіdne vypіshennya nutrition operative lіkuvannі, vybor optimalї localіzаtsії installation of the stent.

Under the control of the x-ray machine, catheterization of the empty heart is carried out. The method allows you to control the signs of blood flow in the empties, to report about the damage to the robotic valves, heart valves, to show the broken patency of the coronary vessels.

How is the treatment of ischemia carried out?

Treatment of ischemic heart disease is carried out on an outpatient basis or in a hospital, depending on the form and severity of the patient.

Obov'yazkovo under the hour of frequent attacks of angina pectoris necessary bed rest. Gostriy myocardial infarction vimagatime more than three times sparing regimen. Only in such a way can you change the focus on the heart.

Eating sick

Diet in IHS will be based on the principle of preventing the destruction of factors of risk: the maximum intermixture of animal fats (cholesterol) and malt (glucose).

Such a sign of varto should be placed at home for a skin patient with IXC

Eating includes: fatty meat, lard, butter, smoked meats, all oiled herbs, licorice confectionery varieties and zucchini. For znyattya zduttya belly is not recommended vegetable herbs with cabbage, legumes, spices gostrі.

Dairy products (kefir, syrup, sour cream) can be used with reduced fat content.

Fish is shown with a cooked eye, birds with birds, olives, porridge, salads with fresh and cooked vegetables. Fruits do not overlap.

You can drink green tea, juices, mineral water without gas.

Medical therapy

In a serious situation, treatment is indicated by symptomatic needs: come in for anti-shock, anti-bolic diseases, preparations that are injected into fibrinolysis (if possible, remove a blood clot in the coronaries).

Nadalі patients obov'yazkovo accept:

• nitrate (change the need for m'yaz heart in sourness);
• statins (reduce cholesterol);
• anticoagulants (encourage platelets to stick together and resist thrombosis).

With cob symptoms of heart failure, sechogens are prescribed. Patients with hypertensive ailment, aggravated ischemia, have a chance to look at the faces of those dosing earlier.

If you are sick, you should always carry a preparation and a group of nitroglycerin with you, or a small spray can in the form of a spray (isoket). The blame for the pain in the heart is unbearable. It is necessary to immediately accept the recommendations for learning the language.

For the exaltation of ailments, it is categorically contraindicated in hvilyuvannya and stress, work is strained, physical stress.

People's interests

Celebration folk secrets Helps lower blood cholesterol, supplements with vitamins and strength during the period of renewal. Namagatisya folk ways it is not recommended to pour into the blood at the heart. Tse garna supplement to diet.

Berries ripen in the autumn, you can choose and prepare the tincture on your own

• berries of kalini z'їdati in tassels;
• nutmeg peas to drink with milk;
• take the sour sour, sour before the meal;
• add cardamom to porridge and drink;
• drink infusion of young pine cones;
• the famous recipe “for good luck” - honey from a teapot and lemon;
• bred from herbs woodlice, nettle, bluehead;
• tinctures of valerian, hunger, dog's spices are sold in pharmacies in ready-made form, they relieve unnecessary stress, improve the rhythm quickly.

All methods of treatment are good, as the patient may have an internal installation for treatment. So drіbnitsі, like vіdmova vіd kuіnnya and alcohol, unimportant, if there is a story about life or early death.

Not a skin person knows why IXC develops, what is the same and how її exuberant. This abbreviation is deciphered as ischemic heart disease. Tsya pathology is even more widespread among the mature population. At the basis of the development of ischemic ailments lie the damage to the blood supply of the myocardium. A similar diagnosis worsens the prognosis for a healthy and short life of an ill person.

Development of ischemic heart disease

IMPORTANT TO KNOW Zasіb for the cleaning of ships and lowering the pressure, which is recommended by doctors

circulatory system people are already fluffed up. Vaughn is formed from the heart of that vessel. The myocardium itself will gradually require sourness and alive speeches. They go there with the coronary (crown) arteries. Stop living the heart itself, supporting its functions with proper rank. Ischemic ailment is called a pathological camp, in which case it is broken or the myocardium is bleeding more and more.

Tsya pathology is organic and functional. With IXC, there is a high number of lethal outcomes. An unfavorable prognosis is most often associated with acute illness (myocardial infarction). IXC is the most common cause of rapt death. Tse serious medical i social problem. Nearly 1 million people are dying in Russia due to ship's illnesses. Bіlshіst is a practical population. Increasingly, ICS develops in young people.

Riven of sickness in people is the highest. Mindful of active chickens, alcoholism and addiction to fat їzhi. A lot of people become disabled. It is observed after the transfer of infarctions and the development of heart failure. The current health protection is still not possible to deal with a similar problem and change the situation. The only way to reduce the rate of mortality and illness is to change the way of life.

Different types of ischemic ailments

WHO (all-world organization for the protection of health) looks at the IXC as a profound understanding. Vono is going to fall ill. To enter the IXC group:

• rapt coronary death (with lethal outcome and without it);
• angina pectoris (tension and spontaneous);
• painless variant of IXC;
• myocardial infarction;
• discord to rhythm and conduction;
• heart failure;
• postinfarction cardiosclerosis.

Painful forms of ischemic ailments are the most common. The most widespread such pathology is angina pectoris. Vaughn is stable and unstable. Okremo saw Prinzmetal's angina pectoris. Rich fahіvtsіv vykoristovuyut such an understanding, like hostile coronary syndrome. Vіn revenge a heart attack. This includes unstable angina. It is not necessary to stray from an ischemic heart disease and a stroke. Tse raznі understand. A stroke is called severe damage to cerebral circulation.

Etiological factors

Officials of the ІХС risik to the skin cardiologist. At the heart of the development of cardiac pathology lies a lack of acidity. The cause may be damage to the coronary arteries. The most important for the development of IXC may be the following factors:

• atherosclerosis of the crown vessels;
• chicken;
• thrombosis;
• hyperlipidemia;
• circulatory diabetes;
• high arterial pressure;
• alcoholism;
• wrong eating;
• hypodynamia.

Ischemic disease often develops and causes atherosclerosis. The reason is the disruption of the exchange of lipids.

Cholesterol is established in the body of the skin person. Vіn po'yazany іz blood proteins. Distinguish between low, high and even low lipoproteins. In atherosclerosis, they move in place of LPNH and LPDN. Updating rich rokiv lipidi vіdkladayutsya on the walls of the coronary arteries.

Atherosclerosis

On the back, the symptoms are daily. Progressively, the clearance of the vessels changes and at the same time the blood circulation becomes difficult. Shchiln_ plaques are formed. Pogіrshuyut situation kurinnya, wrong eating that hypodynamіya. Chinnik riziku rozvitku ІHS - hypertonic ailment. It will improve myocardial ischemia in a few times.

IXC often develops in people who suffer from endocrine pathology (obesity, diabetes, hypothyroidism). This form of ischemic disease, like a heart attack, may be associated with acute thrombosis (blockage) of the crown arteries. Causes of IHS vindication include chicken. This is a serious problem, it’s impossible to turn it off.

Not safely active and passive chicken. Speech, which can be found in dim, saturates the spasm of the arteries, which leads to hypertension. Oxide of carbon helps reduce the level of sourness in the blood. The mustache of the fabrics of the chickens is known for acid starvation. Another risk factor, which can be used, is stress. Vіn to produce up to the rise of AT due to the increase in the production of catecholamines (adrenaline and norepinephrine) and acid deficiency.

At ІХС the etiology may be known for skin medicine. Before the risk factors for the development of pathology can be seen in the summer, genetic schilnist, abstinence in eating and becoming a person. Symptoms of IXC are often blamed on people who are poisoned by animal fats (stinks are found in meat, ribs, topsoil, mayonnaise, cowbass) and simple carbohydrates.

Development in a person with angina pectoris

Three of the most common forms of IXC angina pectoris are the most widespread. This pathology is blamed for acute pain in the heart on aphids, blood loss. Distinguish angina pectoris and spontaneous (variant). The stench may be important vіdminnostі each other.

Angina pectoris is more important in people of mature age. The risk of development of pathology in people younger than 30 years does not exceed 1%.

The breadth of angina pectoris in the mid-grown sagaє 15-20%. The rivulet of illness is getting worse from time to time. The most common cause is atherosclerosis. The symptoms are blamed only if the lumen of the arteries sounds at 60-70%.

With angina pectoris, tensions (navantazhennya) are guarded by the following clinical manifestations:

• bіl at the breasts;
• butt;
• the glare of the skies;
• stronger sweating;
• change of behavior (almost fear, anxiety).

The head symptom of cієї form of IXC is bіl. Vaughn blames the result of seeing mediators and teasing receptors. He was paroxysmal. Vaughn is blamed for physical navazhenni, shvidko posilyuetsya, suvaetsya nitrates, press or clench and vіdchuvaєtsya in the breasts levoruch. The attack lasts a few seconds, or hvilin. If wine is delayed by 20 minutes and more, it is necessary to turn on myocardial infarction.

Bіl v_ddaє at the lion's part of the toulub. Angina pectoris is either stable or unstable. The first one worries about the fact that the attack is blamed for one and the same physical preoccupation. Pain syndrome is felt by stretching less than 15 minutes. The attack is known after taking 1 tablet of nitrates. More trivaly with unstable angina pectoris.

Skin offensive attack is provoked by lesser interests. Quite often we blame the calm. Signs ІХС include back. Such ailments are seen again and again. Quite often it is blamed for the attack of angina pectoris. Її the appearance is maddened by the reduced function of the heart, stagnation of blood in a small amount and increased pressure in the legs of the vessels.

Dihanny ailments become deep and part. With angina pectoris, the heart rhythm is often disrupted. It seems to be part of the rare heartbeats, confusion and instill innocence.

With angina pectoris, the behavior of a person changes: she dies, bends over, tries to take a pose that makes her feel better. Often the fear of death is blamed.

Variant that angina pectoris calm

Classification ІХС sees angina pectoris, which is to blame for calm. For the form of ischemia of the heart, it is more characteristic to blame the painful attack independently from the physical challenge. It is one of the different types of unstable angina pectoris. The pathology is given in acute, acute and chronic forms. Quite often it develops in 1-2 days after myocardial infarction.

Causes of angina pectoris may include atherosclerosis, aortic ringing, inflammation of the coronary arteries, hypertensive ailment, cardiomyopathy with hypertrophy of the left duct. For ciєї form ІХС, the appearance of pain syndrome is characteristic in the state of calm, if the person is resting in the supine position. Quite often it seems like an hour of sleep. The attack is trivaє up to 15 hvilin and prot_kaє important. Tse on vіdmіnu vіd stenocardiї naprugi. Bіl usuvaєtsya after receiving 2-3 pіgulok nitratіv.

To the factors of risk, which will help to relieve the development of ischemia, to lay down those conditions, which will reduce the severity of the disease or worsen the symptoms of the disease.

In European countries, there are specially developed scales for assessing cardiovascular risk: SCORE and Framingham scale.

The stench allows you to predict the risk of heart disease in the next ten years. Qi of the scale of zastosovnі and іnshih kraїn, z urakhuvannyam deyakoї modifikatsії.

Officials for the risk of ischemia of the heart can be subdivided into condi- tions and insecurities.

To the non-separating ones one can add:

• v_k for 40 years;
• to become - a cholov_cha over a woman (the inclusion of a woman of an older age after menopause);
• recession - relatives who died of heart disease, genetic mutations.

Conditional risk factors:

• tyutyunopalinnya;
• high arterial pressure;
• high cholesterol;
• tsukrovy diabetes, tsukor in the blood above the norm;
• irrational eating;
• great vaga that fatness;
• violations of speech exchange;
• zhovchnokam'yana twig;
• low rotability;
• love to alcohol.

Most of these officials are rightly not safe. For example, risk of falling ill for ischemia with high equal cholesterol is increased in 2-5 times, with hypertension - in 2-6 times. Even more strongly on the development of ailments, smoking is added, leading to the development of ailments in 2-6 times.

Hypodynamia, circulatory diabetes and supra-world vaga also provoke a risk of ischemia. Significantly increasing risk of falling ill for ischemia. soft drive with a small amount of mineral salts (potassium, calcium, chromium, zinc, lithium), shards of damaged speech exchange. Rozumov's perevtomy, psychic stress and stress - nevid'emnі factor, what to add to the development of IXC, not to the process, what can not be brought to bloodshed.

You don’t blame yourself for stress, the reason for everything is that you have poured into the special features of the people. Stress is not easy for an easily awake person with a choleric temperament. Such people are shy to high ambitions and Marnoslavism, being constantly dissatisfied with everything they can reach, resting at the constant pressure. Ischemia of the heart develops more often in them, lower in people more balanced and phlegmatic.

The main goal in advanced ischemic heart disease is to reduce the maximum value of all risk factors. Even before the first symptoms of illness appear, the next step is to make recommendations for improving the normal way of life.

2. Symptoms

The main symptoms of ischemia of the heart can be seen:

• physical weakness;
• a little tightness in the heart - a partial symptom of IXC;

Symptoms of ischemia in angina pectoris are characterized by intense paroxysmal pain, which lasts for a short period of time. If you look at the pressure on the chest, it could be in the left part of the body. Maybe turbuvati bіl under a rib, an arm or a leg, under a shoulder blade, under a slit that one bіk shiї.

Similar symptoms suggest a little bit of a stove, or discomfort in poisoning, so a person can not guess about the signs of ischemic heart disease.

Ischemia can be characterized by psychic manifestations:

• unreasonable restlessness;
• feel panic, fear of death;
• weary mood, lethargic mood to the point where it seems to be;
• sharp failure again.

Another symptom of IXC is pain in the breasts after taking nitroglycerin. Often you can blame spontaneously, for example, at the hour of taking a cold shower or changing the temperature regime when you go out into the cold or wind, when chicken. Bolovі vіdchuttya can be blamed for rіzkih rіhа or аbоdіy, аbout nіbnіy nіbrіbnі іrіzky rush of blood.

A lot of people, not savagely respecting the symptoms described above, continue to lead the normal rhythm of life without any thought about unsafety. However, it is impossible to ignore the manifestation of ischemia, shards of permanent lack of blood in the heart meat, threatening myocardial necrosis and rapt death.

3. Reasons

The development of ischemia of the heart is taken by the following factors:

• arterial hypertension;
• great is the burden of that irrational eating;
• recession factor;
• low rotability;
• tyutyunopalinnya;
• love to alcohol;
• circulatory diabetes;
• parts of stress;
• strong emotional tension.

The main cause of ischemic heart disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries in the heart due to plaque build-up of cholesterol and arterial lumen. As a result of these pathologies, the blood cannot, in the necessary case, enter the heart area - the myocardium. On the cob, show ailments can be blamed for the hour of high anxiety - angina pectoris.

Step by step, the court’s enlightenment sounds and a person can feel discomfort with a small vanity, there are bruises and backs, heart failure develops. In times of undeveloped plaque development, the lumen of the artery may overlap, cause a myocardial infarction, bulge the heart and death will come.

Vіdsotok all vipadkіv development of ischemic disease of the heart through atherosclerotic processes, milking malium. In case of any type of depression, ischemia is due to changes in the vessels, regardless of the reasons that call for this process.

Varto signify that the stages of the pathology of the heart are stale in the artery, in which case there was a blockage - the more there is more and more, the less problems. Myocardial infarction develops in a change in the artery by over 75%. As if there is a rapt obstruction of the arrhythmia of the heart and it doesn’t stick to it, death is coming.

4. Diagnostics

When making a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, the following methods are used:

• electrocardiography, which reveals the primary symptoms of ischemia and myocardial infarction;
• echocardiography - assessing the functional work of the myocardium;
• biochemistry of the blood, which indicates the presence of troponin, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, myoglobin and aminotransferase, a high indicator of such indications for the presence of low-grade heart cells or infarction;
• blood analysis for cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low lipoproteins - in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis;
• functional test for assessing the performance of the myocardium under the pressures;
• CT of the coronary arteries and angiography, which allow visualization of the vessels, like living the myocardium;
• monitoring holterivske - fixation of the ECG with a stretch of doby, with which the registration of vivid activities is carried out (the camp is calm, the effort is too thin);
• internal stravochidna ECG, which fixes the electrical activity in the atria and atrioventricular side.