Golovna > Kindergarten that school > The system of special correctional training in Russia is a law. The system of providing specialized assistance to children with limited health abilities in Russia

The system of special correctional training in Russia is a law. The system of providing specialized assistance to children with limited health abilities in Russia

Suitable for organizing children with disabilities

The problems of special education today are one of the most important problems for the robots of all developments of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, as well as the system of special correctional installations. Tse pov'yazano, in pershu black s tim, that a lot of children s with limited possibilities healthy and children with disabilities, unsightly growing up .

At the given hour Russia has over 2 million children with limited abilities (8% of all children), about 700 thousand. become children with disabilities. The increase in the number of children may be of all categories of children with limited health abilities, there is also a tendency to change the structure of the defect, the complex nature of the disorder in the skin of the skin of the child.

Освіта дітей з обмеженими можливостями здоров'я та дітей-інвалідів передбачає створення для них спеціального корекційно-розвивального середовища, що забезпечує адекватні умови та рівні зі звичайними дітьми можливості для здобуття освіти в межах спеціальних освітніх стандартів, лікування та оздоровлення, виховання та навчання, корекцію disruption of development, social adaptation

Otrimanya children with interchangeable opportunities for health and children with disabilities to educate one of the main and invisible minds of their successful socialization, ensuring their full participation in the life of welfare, self-realization different types professional and social activities.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Law “On Education” say that children with developmental problems have equal rights to education. Daily transition to special (correctional) enlightenment of the field at the fold internal і foreign minds for the development and correction of children (with disabilities).

1. Zovnishni wash away- Statement of power and support to children with disabilities. Zovnіshni think well illuminating children with disabilities can be safe with the policy of the state:

creation of working areas;

Demand for the labor market of the community with disabilities.

2. Internal mind- laying a lighting mortgage at the robot.

Guidelines for the development and correction of children with disabilities (the school itself prepares a child for a distant independent life in the state and society);

Pre-profile and profile training in schools with the improvement of the demand for practice for the in-line period.

In Russia, the validity of special (correction) lighting installations is regulated by the typical camp "About a special (correction) lighting mortgage for students, development of education and development" (1997) and a sheet “On the specifics of the activities of special (correction) lighting mortgages of I-VIII types”.

Special lighting installations are subdivided into:

· correction (compensating) install preschool education:

Day nursery;

Children's gardens;

Pre-school groups at child care centers and children's houses of infamous recognition, as well as at special schools and boarding schools.

· corrective lighting install:

Schools I - VIII species;

Special classes in certain pledges of global education.

· corrective installation of post-professional education;

· lay a foundation for children who will require psychological and medical social assistance:

Diagnostic Center and Consultation;

Center for psychological, medical and social support;

Psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation and correction.

· Healthy lay a sanatorium type.

Welcoming children to all correctional lighting installations of the PMPK. The commission gives a draft about the camp of the psychophysical development of the child and recommendations for further forms of education.

Special (correction) set in Russia to be divided into 8 views.

In order to identify defects in the official name, the schools are named after the serial numbers of the type of damage.

Type I- Special lighting installation for deaf children.

type II- Special lighting installation for deaf and deaf children.

III view– special initial mortgage for blind children.

IV type - special lighting installation for children with waters of dawn.

V look- Special lighting installation for children with severe disabilities.

VI looking– special lighting for children with damage to the musculoskeletal system (ICP).

VII look- Special lighting installation for children with difficulties in learning - from obscured mental development.

VIII look- Special lighting installation for children with rose steel.

You see shkіl, krіm of the rest (VIII type), to give your graduates the so-called qualification education.

The educational process in these schools is composed of three stages similarly to the global educational schools:

2 steps - the main lighting;

3 steps - middle (povna) deep lighting.

· Special (correctional) lighting mortgage I type

A special (correction) lighting installation of the first kind is created for the education of the sightless children.

Deafness - stіyka is a waste of hearing, if it’s impossible for me to self-sufficiently volodinnya my and arranging sprinyattya movi.

· Special (correctional) illuminating mortgage of the 2nd type

Correction of the second type of setting is created for the education and development of children who weakly sense (mayut frequent loss of hearing and different steps of unrecognized language) and deafened children (deafened in preschool or school age, but saved their independence of speech).

The training of the weak-eyed is carried out by the assistants of the masovo school, who are taught by a larger font and special transformations of the images, accessible to the starry child.

Pluses and minuses of integrated learning


1. Children with disabilities learn to mate with peers	1. A child with disabilities is more likely to acquire their own education program
2. Children with disabilities feel equal to other children	2. A child with disabilities cannot be shown to have high initial ambition
3. Children with disabilities are preparing for the future independent life in the household	3. The teacher cannot give sufficient respect to children with disabilities
4. Integration of education allows you to activate the forces of children with disabilities, to improve them on the side of life's difficulties	4. Lack of specialists in work with children with disabilities (specially trained psychologists, speech pathologists, medical practitioners)
5. Other children to start accepting children with disabilities as equal members of the partnership

Other options for the education of children with disabilities

1. Home training

Vikladachi osvіtnyoї establish organіzirovanі іdvіduyut іdіtinа і spend іz it occupied without intermediary fіїї її її living;

Navchannya is conducted for a wild chi supplementary program, prompted by the improvement of the possibilities of learning;

After the completion of the education of the child, a certificate of completion of the school of the infamous education is seen from the designated programs, for which the education took place.

2. Distance learning- a complex of lighting services, which are provided to children with disabilities for additional specialized information and lighting medium, which is based on the exchange of basic information on the media (satellite television, radio, computer calls). For zdіysnennya distance learning you need multimedia equipment (computer, printer, scanner, webcam, etc.), for the help of some kind of support, you can contact the child with the center of remote training. In the course of the initial process, it is necessary to spit out the order with the child in the online mode, as well as the electronically, with further strength of results to the center of distance learning.

Today in Russia, with the help of distance learning, you can get it like an average one, and most importantly, enlightenment - before the programs of distance learning, rich universities have been actively involved.

Ø Center for the development of children at OmDPU, Omsk State Pedagogical University

Addresses: Kiev - Mira avenue, on top.

Ø Lado

Dopomoga at navchannі, razvitka that podannі important situations. Logopedic center. Center for tutoring services. Psychological help.

Phone: 499-105

Ø State establishment of the Omsk region "Social-rehabilitation center for the disabled "Nadiya" the city of Omsk"

Prevention of carelessness and bezpritulnosti, as well as social rehabilitation of the incompetent, as if they were in an important life situation. The subject of duty is the social support of the incompetent.

Ø Social and rehabilitation center for the disabled
Addresses: m. Kiev, Kamerny prov., 16a

Phone: 561401

Ø Znayka+ , lighting center

Phone: , 8-65

Ø Regional PMPK

Addresses: Navchalna, 191

Ø MOU "Missky Psychological Health and Lighting Center" (Miska PMPK)

Addresses: m. Kiev, vul. Orlovsky - 10.

(filiya gіr. PMPK) - vul. Kuybisheva, 27/7

Ø Sovereign Lighting Mortgage of the Omsk Region

G. Kyiv,

tel/,

Ø BO "PMPC" Center for Pedagogical Support of Early Family Education

Addresses: Komsomolsk mistechko - 14

Ø "Down Syndrome Omsk" Omsk Regional Public Organization of Disabled People

Addresses: st. Gorky - 87,

Ø GROUP MUSIC THERAPY FOR CHILDREN WITH HEALTH POSSIBILITIES IN THE MIND OF THE CENTER FOR SOCIAL HELP.

Ø Psycho. Clinic of Omsk - 85

Ø Rich Center –

Ø "Up to sixteen" - clinic (university specialties)

im. March 30, VLKSM - 48

Ø "Armos" center of alternative medicine

Non-state lighting installations

Ø Non-state illuminating pledge "Slovian school in honor of Saints Rivne-Apostles Cyril and Methodius"
4-a

Ø Non-state illuminating mortgage "Author's Experimental School"
-G

Ø Non-state lighting mortgage “New generation”
m. Omsk, Magistralna, 74, kv.109

Ø Non-State Lighting Mortgage Lighting Center "Thumbelina"
m. Omsk, Maloivanovska, 45

Ø Non-state lighting installation Zagalnosvitnya secondary (povna) school "Vidergeburt"
0-a

Ø Non-state primary mortgage of the Central Educational Secondary School "Edelweiss"
5, k.4

Ø Non-state lighting mortgage "Center for Education and Development"
32-a

Ø Non-state illuminating mortgage School "Alpha and Omega"
8-a

Ø Non-state initial mortgage School "Renaissance"
3-b

Ø Non-state initial mortgage School "Intellect"
m. Omsk, Kamerniy prov-k, 52, 20

Ø Non-state initial mortgage School “Premier”
0-a

Children's cages of combined and compensatory appearance

District: central

Addresses: omsk - 50 rokiv VLKSM, 12a

Children's nursery No. 000, which compensates for the view

metro station Omsk, Zhovtneviy district, Shinna 6-a, 7

tel. (3812) 56-10-13

Preschool primary mortgage No. 000, Yalinka, corrective for children with damaged musculoskeletal system

Kindergarten No. 000, combined view

m. Omsk, district Zhovtneviy, Molodіzhna 1-sha, 22,

Vikoristovuvana literature

Slovnik-dovidnik. "Defectology" / Ed. B. P. Puzanova - Moscow: New School, 1996.

Slovnik-dovidnik. “Correction pedagogy and special psychology” / Order. N. V. Novotvortseva - Moscow: Academy of Development, 1999.

"Correction pedagogy" /, that in - Rostov n / D .: Berezen, 2002.

“Fundamentals of correctional pedagogy” / A. D. Goniev ta in. - Moscow: Academy, 2001.

"Correction pedagogy" / - Rostov n / D: Phoenix, 2002.

“Correction of pedagogy in the postgraduate education” / Ed. G. F. Kumarina. - Moscow: Academy, 2001.

"Psychology of children with impairments and recovery of mental development: Reader" - St. Petersburg, 2000.

"Psychological-medical-pedagogical education of children" / - Moscow: Arkti, 1999.

"Special Pedagogy" / N. M. Nazarova - Moscow

“Special Pedagogy. Reader "/ N. M. Nazarova, G. N. Penin - Moscow, 2008.

"Deaf Pedagogy" / M. I. Nikitina - Moscow, 1989.

"Surdopedagogy" / Є. G. Rechinska - Moscow, 2005.

"Lіkuvalna pedagogika" /Є. M. Mastyukova - 1997.

"Abelitatsiyna work for children of the early age with hearing impairment" - St. Petersburg, 2007.

“Family education of children with inspiration from the development” / Є. M. Mastyukova, Moskovkina - Moscow, 2004.

"Children from the dark mental development" / Vlasova, Lubovsky - Moscow, 1984.

“Vidbіr rozumovo-vіdstalih children at special. install "/ S. D. Zabravna - Mlskva, 1988.

"Doshkіlna oligophrenopedagogy" / A. A. Kataeva, E. A. Strebeleva.

"Typhlopedagogy" / A. G. Litvak - 2007.

K. S. Lebedinsky razdil "Basic nutrition of the clinic and the systematics of mental development"

 N. Yu.

Martin W. Barr, Mental defectives: history, treatment, and training, 1904

N. Yu. Boryakova, Pedagogical systems navchannya that vyhovannya children z vіdhilennyami rozvitku, 2008

2. The system of providing specialized assistance to children with limited health opportunities in Russia

The Law of the Russian Federation "On the education of objects with the provision of facilities for health (special education)" provided for the provision of education for children who may have special lighting needs in the form of an excellent education in the central lighting installations, integration of a hospital education, education in a home likuvalny mortgage (6; 11).

The integration of learning is the core of learning of the osib, yak it may be physical and (or) mental deficiencies, that osib, yak it is not possible for such nedolіkіv, with victories of special zabіv and methods and for the participation of teachers-fahіvtsіv. With whom, for persons who may be mentally and (or) physically handicapped, all the benefits are saved, with which the stink is coryzed during the hour of training at a special lighting deposit. Integration can be given to the superior class (group) with additional individual help or additional help in a correctional, including speech therapy, office (point), as well as training in a special (correctional) class (group) in the fund. Illumination of an institution of a vulgar type does not have the right to recommend to persons with physical and (or) mental deficiencies in reception for the motive of obviousness, they have a lack of evidence for the absence of contraindications before the start of that (or) professional education. Spіlne navchannya osіb z vadami and osіb, yakі їх do not think, it is not guilty to negatively signify on the results of navchannja the rest.

To provide individual assistance to children with special needs lighting needs correctional cabinets are created, as if they are financed from the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation. The skin of such an office of servants is one or the number of illuminating mortgages, the total number of classes (groups) in some may not be more than 40, and the number of quiet ones, who are trained for special needs, is not less than 12.

In order to help children who may be damaged in oral and written language, speech therapy centers are organized, which are financed from the budget of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Such a point of service is one or the number of illuminating installations, the total number of corn classes in some may not be more than 25.

Also, various specialized centers for rehabilitation are created (not less than one in the skin subject of the Russian Federation) for the training and rehabilitation of children and those who have grown up in age up to 21 with serious and folding nedolіkami development. The heads of such centers are the formation of new recruits and self-service, elementary labor trainings and to occupy on individual programs training. Activities at the centers are organized in groups of children from 3 to 10; a large number of students at the center can revisit 100 people.

AT Russian Federation and special lighting installations are created. Special (Korekitzina) Out of Petanova (Dali - Korkitzina Postanova) I see for the forefront of that vihovannya of non -pissing ears, the same all -free roding in the tіnny stars of the formances of the verbal movia spi -Klokavnnya on the rumor of the core in the psycho, for the core of the Coruman. development, otrimannya zagalnosvitnoi, labor and social training to independent life. Behind them, frontal and individual activities are carried out to develop the auditory spriynyattya and thoroughly learn to move in the course of the entire illuminating process. For deaf children with a folding structure, a defect in the warehouse of the lighting mortgage of the first type is organized in classes, the work in which will be for special initial plans.

Korkitzina Postranova II, shell for fortunately, I vihovannya diye, the weakness of the weak (May Otstkov is in the rumor of il ilzniy Streniy Movili) I pyzolokhlikh (derailid in the doshkiyal nitro, ale of the zbereta preparation for a free movable speech on the auditory and auditory basis. For the provision of a differentiated approach in the development of weak and deaf children, two specializations are created: 1 - for development with mild underdevelopment; educate the impaired hearing; 2 - for vikhovantsiv with deep underdevelopment of the language.

Correction of the III and IV types to ensure the development, development, correction of the primary and secondary rehabilitations in the development of impairments with broken eyes, the development of saving analyzers, the formation of correctional-compensatory developments, which will help social adaptation of the state of health Blind children, as well as children with a superfluous vision (0.04 and lower) and a greater severity of vision (0.08) are accepted for the correction of the III type, for the obviousness of foldable damage to the normal functions of the eyesight with progressing eye diseases that lead to blindness; the common term of education is 12 years. In the correctional mortgage of the IV type, children are accepted with a severity of 0.05 to 0.4 at a better rate. With this, the state of other healthy functions is protected, the form is that the pathological process is overrun. They can be accepted by children with a greater severity of dawn in case of progressing or often recurring illnesses, for the presence of asthenic manifestations, which is blamed for the hour of reading that letter in the near future. In addition, before the correction of the IV type, children with skewed eyes and amblyopia are accepted, as they may see the severity of the dawn (greater than 0.4), to continue the glee of the dawn. If necessary, you can organize a hospital for the education of blind and visually impaired children.

The correction of the establishment of the V mind is created for the education and development of children with important mental pathology, the special assistance they receive, which will help them to overcome the destruction of the movement and the associated mental development features with them. Children are admitted to the 1st division, as they may suffer from severe maladjustment of the grave stage, as well as children, as if they suffer from ardent maladjustment of the mov, which is accompanied by zakanyam. At the 2nd division, children are accepted with an important form of zaїkuvatostі with a normal development of the language. At the time of the adoption of the movable defect of the fathers (legitimate representatives) for the sake of the marriage, that on the basis of the psychological-medical-pedagogical committee should be translated to the illuminating pledge of the slanderous type.

Korekiina Postranova VI, VIT, is to be in vihinnya, the vihovnanya of the musculosen and the rush Aparas with the meta vitnnnnia, the formavnya of the rukhovikh function, the core of the mental arrangement of the rod, the mainly of the former. subject-practical activity.

Корекційна установа VII виду створюється для навчання та виховання дітей із затримкою психічного розвитку, у яких при потенційно збережених можливостях інтелектуального розвитку спостерігається слабкість пам'яті, уваги, недостатність темпу та рухливості психічних процесів, підвищена виснаженість, несформованість довільного регулювання діяльності, емоційна нестійкість, їх mental development of that emotional and volitional sphere, activation of cognitive activity, formation of skills and reduction of primary activity. The transfer of vihovantsiv to the central lighting mortgage is subject to the adoption of corrections to the development after the removal of the central lighting.

Correction of the establishment of the VIII type is being created for the education and development of children from the rosum age with the method of correction in their development by means of illuminating that labor training, as well as social and psychological rehabilitation for the future success. Labor education in the X-XI classes for the obviousness of the virobnic base may have the character of a ruined labor training.

Для дітей, які мають фізичні та (або) психічні недоліки, які вчинили правопорушення, передбачені Кримінальним кодексом Російської Федерації, що досягли на момент вчинення правопорушення одинадцятирічного віку та визнаних у судовому порядку суспільно небезпечними, створюються спеціальні закриті освітні установи, засновниками яких можуть бути лише organs of the sovereign power of the Russian Federation and її subjects.

Directly at the social states closed the light, establish zdiisnyuetsya for the decisions of the court with the arrangements for the laying of psychological, medical and pedagogical consultations (commissions) in accordance with the procedure established by federal law.

Krym tsgogo can but organize an association of fathers, so that children may have problems with their development; center for correction and rehabilitation, created by community organizations.

For a reliable diagnosis of the development of children in the age, for the designation of their special lighting needs, for the consultation of the fathers from the nutritional disorder in the children of the century, permanent inter-psychological-medical-pedagogical commissions (PMPC) are created. The main tasks of the PMPK are related to the development, complex obstezhennі of children with the development of "group risk", the development of individual rehabilitation programs, the recommendation of forms of training and rehabilitation of "problem" children, adolescents, young people. ПМПК розробляють і реалізують на практиці комплекс заходів психолого-медико-педагогічного сприяння розвитку особистості, соціально-педагогічної допомоги з абілітації, реабілітації та соціальної адаптації осіб з різними формами відхилень у розвитку психічних функцій, порушеннями мови, інтелекту, зору, слуху, опорно-двигуна apparatus, with problems in education, communication, behavior. The PMPK is practiced by spivprats with organs and establishments of education, health protection, social protection of the population, commissions on the right of minors, organs of pracevshtuvannya, and community organizations.

Another service that provides a comprehensive specialty to help children and children with education, is a psychological-medical-pedagogical consultation (PMPk) of the educational foundation. PMPk є one of the forms of interdependence of specialists in education, establish what will be united for the psychological, medical and pedagogical support of students, developments in the field of development and / or decompensation.

For training, development and social adaptation of children and children with disabilities, with severe injuries to the development, from concomitant illnesses, as well as for providing them with comprehensive assistance, rehabilitation centers of various profiles are created. Tse mozhut buti centers: psychological and pedagogical and medical and social rehabilitation; social and labor adaptation and professional education; social assistance The heads of such centers receive correctional-pedagogical, psychological and vocational assistance, as well as the formation of newcomers self-service and interpersonal, social interdependence, labor skills in children with severe injuries. A number of centers conduct special lighting activity. Occupation at the rehabilitation centers will be for the programs of the individual group training and training. It is not uncommon for the center to provide consultative-diagnostic and methodical assistance to fathers of children with special lighting needs, including informational and legal support.

In the rich regions of Russia, with the initiatives of the fathers and the community associations, try to find centers for sim's and children, centers for rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation centers help enlighten the principles of mass recognition, as children learn there with special lighting needs: to conduct correctional and pedagogical work and consulting.

Children with a severe stage of disability, basically, perebuvayut beyond the borders of the open space and direct to the boarding schools of the social security system. For children from a foreign age, as they may have multiple damage to their development, they were transferred to the minds of psycho-neurological houses-internations of the system of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development. The basis of the activity of these institutions is the medical model of providing social assistance to children with disabilities (2).

Children, behind the camp of a healthy timchasovo chi, as a matter of fact, they install lighting, organize education at home. This form of education is becoming more and more wide in connection with the fact that the number of such children with skin rock is increasing.

У проекті Закону про спеціальну освіту навчання вдома трактується як освоєння загальноосвітніх та професійних програм особою, яка станом здоров'я тимчасово або постійно не відвідує освітню установу, при якій навчання здійснюється вдома педагогічними працівниками відповідних освітніх установ, у тому числі з використанням дистанційних засобів навчання.

Learn at home one of the forms individual training, if you want to understand the form of organization of the initial ones, if you have a pedagogical influx of the teacher in the school, which is known to the team.

The main priority of individual training is those that do not allow to adapt the mind, methods and tempi of the initial activity of the child to її peculiarities, care for skin disease and operation when performing specific tasks; stezhit for yogo prosuvannya from unknowing to knowledge, make the necessary corrections at the same time as a learner, and a teacher, stick them to a permanently inconspicuous, or controlled situation from the side of the teacher and from the side of the learner. Everything allows you to practice economically, constantly control your efforts, practice at the optimal hour.

In this way, in Russia, at the current stage, children with limited health abilities are given special help without personal institutions that are known under the supervision of various departments (Table 1).

Table 1

Social risk: old age, sickness, disability, unemployment, it is impossible to give social assistance.2. Modern sovereign social policy behind decisions social problems 2.1 Current legal foundations of the social protection of the population “Social power is the characteristic (principle), ...

Ministry of Light	Ministry of Health Protection	Ministry of Health and Social Development	Community organizations
Special children plant that manger	Budinki ditini	Houses-internati for the disabled	All-Russian Suspіlstvoіnvalidіv (children-іnvalidіv) (VOI)
Special (correctional) schools	Children of polyclinics	Centers for correction and rehabilitation	All-Russian Society of the Deaf (VIG)
Special (correctional) boarding schools	Care of children's doctors	Psychoneurological nursing homes	All-Russian Society of the Blind (VOS)
Special child booths	Children's sanatorium	Psychological and pedagogical and medical and social centers	Association of Fathers of Disabled Children
Special groups at the nurseries	Center for Pathology Mov.	Social assistance centers	Thanksgiving partnerships
Specialized classes in spiritual education schools	Audiology centers
Speech therapy stations at global education schools	Diagnostic center

Full text joke:

Golovna > Law >Psychology

Topic: The system of special (correctional) training in the Russian Federation.

In Russia, at the current stage, children with limited health abilities are given special help to help impersonal installations under different departments (div. table).
table
The system of establishments to give special support to children with limited health opportunities in Russia

Ministry of Education Ministry of Health Protection Ministry of Practice and Social Development Community organizations
Special children
garden and nursery
(children-invalids) (VOI)
Special
(Correction)
schools Children's polyclinics Rehabilitation centers All-Russian Association of the Deaf
(VIG)
Boarding schools for children's doctors Psycho-neurological
budinki-internati
All-Russian Society of the Blind (VOS)
Child houses

Children's sanatorium Association of fathers of disabled children
Special groups in nurseries
Special class in sacred images. schools
Speech therapy stations at global educational schools Diagnostic centers
Psychological
centri
Psychological and pedagogical and medical and social centers
Psychological-medical-pedagogical commissions
In our country, children with good opportunities for health can get light at special lighting installations, special lighting installations, lighting installations of general recognition in forms, transferred by the Law of Ukraine "On Lighting": in the evening, in absentia; in the form of family enlightenment, self-illumination, external education.
The main tasks, yakі poklikana virіshiti system osvіti, - prepare to normal special suspіlnogo life children with impaired psychophysical development, correct their development, create more opportunities for their independent life.
Children with limited opportunities for health may have the right to be promoted to public recognition for the presence of a prominent vysnovka of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission. With this child, you can take an hour to serve as a helper for the obvious recommendations on how to lay these commissions.
Vidpovly, to “Printing Powers about Special Investigation (Korktzіina), an oversoner set for Scientific Vikhovanzi in the Rosvitka”, we are solved by the urgent of the Russian Federation No. 288 VID 12 birch 1997, the organized-in-laws VIII vidiv. Special (correction) lighting installations I and II are created for the education and training of children with hearing impairments (deaf and hearing impaired). Correction of the III and IV views to ensure the education, development, correction of the child's development in the development of impaired eyesight (blind and visually impaired children). The correction of the setting of the V type is created for the development of children with an important mental pathology, the VI type - for children with damage to the musculoskeletal apparatus, the VII type - for children with mental development, the VIII type - for children with a pink mind.
AT stay rocky the system of education has significantly expanded, having included in its sphere the scope of both special schools, and th special classes, okremikh groups of children at the global education school. A system of corrective and developmental training is being formed (class virіvnyuvannya, compensatory training, additional class, class protect the dawn).
Krіm of the names of the forms of education of enlightenment, individuals who may have special lighting needs, can take illumination from the form of education at home, integrated education and education in the minds of a stationary liturgical pledge.
With the rest of the fates of the Daedalus, the actual integration of learning, that is. splne nauchannya dіtey z obrazheniya zdorovnosti zdorov'ya and dіtey, yakі not mayut such obizheniye, for the additional creation of special minds for the well-being of enlightenment (special benefits and methods for the participation of teachers-fahivtsiv). Integration can be given to the superior class (group) with additional individual help or additional help in a correctional, including speech therapy, office (point), as well as training in a special (correctional) class (group) in the fund. Establishment of an integrated education does not have the right to give children with limited health opportunities for admission to education due to the presence of physical and (or) mental deficiencies in them for the most recent indication before education. Spіlne navchannya osіb z vadami and osіb, yakі їх do not think, it is not guilty to negatively signify on the results of navchannja the rest.
For the purpose of providing individual assistance to children with special lighting needs, rooms for correctional and developmental assistance of various directness are created: psychological assistance, speech therapy and other. The psychologist's office is created with the method of organizing psychological education of scientists, fathers, pedagogical workers; psychological prevention; psychological diagnostics; psychological correction of the short development of studies, and encouragement for consultative activity given to all participants in the creative process. The speech therapy room is being created to help children, as they may be damaged differently. The most expanded form, becoming a speech therapy point at the central lighting deposit.
For children with limited opportunities for health, as if they are going to the trival likuvanni at the stationary likuvalnye mortgages, the minds are also created for their education. Zagalnosvіtnya setting for the place of znakhodzhennya stationary lykuvalnoy establish zdіysnyuє nauchannya dіtey y raznyh forms.
У сучасних умовах інтенсивного розвитку системи спеціальної психолого-педагогічної допомоги дітям з обмеженими можливостями здоров'я йде пошук організаційних форм такої допомоги, що найбільше відповідають сучасним соціокультурним та економічним умовам життя країни, а також задовольняють особливі освітні та реабілітаційні потреби дітей та підлітків з відхиленнями у development.
Another service that provides a comprehensive specialty to help children and children with education, is a psychological-medical-pedagogical consultation (PMPk) of the educational foundation. PMPk є one of the forms of interdependence of specialists in education, establish what will be united for the psychological, medical and pedagogical support of students, developments in the field of development and / or decompensation.
For training, development and social adaptation of children and children with disabilities, with severe injuries to the development, from concomitant illnesses, as well as for providing them with comprehensive assistance, rehabilitation centers of various profiles are created. Tse mozhut buti centers: psychological and pedagogical and medical and social rehabilitation; social and labor adaptation and professional education; social assistance The heads of such centers receive correctional-pedagogical, psychological and vocational assistance, as well as the formation of newcomers self-service and interpersonal, social interdependence, labor skills in children with severe injuries. At the bottom of the center there is a special lighting activity. Occupation at the rehabilitation centers will be for the programs of the individual group training and training. It is not uncommon for the center to provide consultative-diagnostic and methodical assistance to fathers of children with special lighting needs, including informational and legal support.
In the rich regions of Russia, with the initiatives of the fathers and the community associations, try to find centers for sim's and children, centers for rehabilitation.
Rehabilitation centers help enlighten the principles of mass recognition, as children learn there with special lighting needs: to conduct correctional and pedagogical work and consulting.
Children with a severe stage of disability, basically, perebuvayut beyond the borders of the open space and direct to the boarding schools of the social security system. For children from a foreign age, as they may have multiple damage to their development, they were transferred to the minds of psycho-neurological houses-internations of the system of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development. The basis of the activity of these institutions is the medical model of social assistance to children with disabilities.
Children, behind the camp of a healthy timchasovo chi, as a matter of fact, they install lighting, organize education at home. This form of education is becoming more and more wide in connection with the fact that the number of such children with skin rock is increasing.
Start at home with one of the forms of individual training, in order to understand the form of organization of the first to take, with the help of a pedagogical influx of the teacher into the school, which is known to the team.
The main priority of individual training is those that do not allow to adapt the mind, methods and tempi of the initial activity of the child to її peculiarities, care for skin disease and operation when performing specific tasks; stezhit for yogo prosuvannya from unknowing to knowledge, make the necessary corrections at the same time as a learner, and a teacher, stick them to a permanently inconspicuous, or controlled situation from the side of the teacher and from the side of the learner. Everything allows you to practice economically, constantly control your efforts, practice at the optimal hour.

Nurturing children with limited health opportunities

Найбільш повне визначення поняття освіту дав В.С.Леднєв: "Освіта - це суспільно організований та нормований процес постійної передачі попередніми поколіннями наступним соціально значущого досвіду, що є в онтогенетичному плані біосоціальний процес становлення особистості. У цьому процесі виділяються три основні структурні аспекти: пізнавальний , which ensures the attainment of the knowledge of specialty; the development of typological powers of specialty, and the development of physical and intellectual development "5.

In this order, the illumination includes three main parts: the beginning, the twisting and the development, yak, as B.K. spratsovuvannya system.

Correction of education or correction of primary and secondary work - a system of special psychological, pedagogical, sociocultural and jubilant visits, directing them to the hem, or weakening the short psychophysical development of children with reduced abilities, increasing their available knowledge, reducing that skill, developing that molding of their special features in general. The essence of corrective enlightenment is poised in the formation of psychophysical functions of the child and improved practical knowledge, or weakened, smoothed, manifested in the new mental disorder, sensory, motor skills, behavior. Damo primirne zmіstovne deciphering the illuminating correctional process for B.K.Tuponogov:

1. Correction of learning - the knowledge about the paths has been acquired, and the knowledge has been acquired about the lack of psychophysical development and the acquired methods for the acquisition of knowledge;

2. Correction of variation - the development of the variation of typological powers and features of specialness, invariant subject specificity of activity (cognitive, labor, aesthetic, etc.), which allow adapting to the social environment;

3. Correction of development - improvement of the direction (sub-adjustment) of insufficient rosum and physical development, improvement of mental and physical functions, preservation of the sensory sphere and neurodynamic mechanisms of compensation for the defect.

At the basis of the functioning of the correctional pedagogical system, there are such positions, formulated by L.S. Vygotsky at the boundaries, developed by him the theory of cultural and historical development of the psyche: the folding of the structure (specific features) to the defect, the general regularity of the development of the normal and abnormal child. Metoy Kuhniko Roboti Z.S. Svigotsky is guilty of Vistypati Orintatziy on the All -Tysky Roditika Ditini Yak Zvihina, Along the same as the healthy virekalennya, that is not the Slip, Ale Ditina Persh for all. Vikhovati blind..."(22). Correction and compensation of an atypical development can effectively be carried out only in the process of training, with a maximum of sensitive periods and reliance on the zone of the actual and closest development. The process of enlightenment spirals like a formed function, and it forms. Zvіdsi, the most important zavdannyam korektsіynogo nauchannja є - stupova and posіlіvne zvіdvne znіlіzhchogo razvlenija razvitija in the zone of the actual development of the child. The implementation of corrective-compensatory processes of atypical development of a child can only be possible for a gradual expansion of the zone of the closest development, as it can act as a guideline for the activity of a teacher, a teacher, a social teacher and a social practitioner. It is necessary more systematically, more and more thoroughly, and the improvement of the nearest development.

Correction and compensation for the development of an atypical child cannot be spontaneous. It is necessary to create singing minds of one: pedagogical education of dovkіllya, and to develop productive support of various social institutions. Вирішальним фактором, від якого залежить позитивна динаміка психомоторного розвитку, виступають адекватні умови виховання в сім'ї та ранній початок комплексних лікувально-реабілітаційних та корекційних психолого-педагогічних, соціокультурних заходів, які мають на увазі створення трудотерапевтичного середовища, орієнтованого на формування адекватних відносин до оточуючих , teaching children to laboring beginners, developing and thoroughly integrating mechanisms with the method of inclusion, helping children with problems in children, socially accepted socially and culturally blue. L.S. Vygotsky wrote at the link: “It is super important from a psychological point of view not to see such children among special groups, but it is possible to practice their intercourse with other children more widely” (19). Obov'yazkovoy intellectual realization of the integrated learning is orientated not so much on the specificity of obvious damage, but on the front of the viability and possibility of their development into a non-typical child. Іsnuє, as appointing L.M.Shipitsina, a model of integrated education of children with problems:

Navchannya for minds masovoї school (ultimate class);

Education in the minds of a special class of correction (vir_vnyuvannya, which compensates for learning) for the mass school;

Navchannya for different educational programs within the same class;

Training at special educational correctional schools and boarding schools, de and class for healthy children.

How early does the organization of that event correctional work Timing successful zdijsnyuetsya to the defect and yogo nasledkiv. Due to the improvement of ontogenetic features of children with special lighting needs, they see a low principle of corrective initial-spiritual work:

1. The principle of unity of diagnostics and correction of development;

2.Principle of correction - developing directness of training and development;

3. The principle of a comprehensive (clinical-genetic, neurophysiological, psychological, pedagogical) approach to diagnosis and realization of children's abilities in the process of education;

4. The principle of early intervention, which transfers medical-psychological-pedagogical correction of the damage systems and functions of the body, with the help of children;

5. The principle of relying on savings and compensatory mechanisms of the body with a method of improving the effectiveness of the system of psychological and pedagogical approaches to be carried out;

6. The principle of individual and differentiated approach within the framework of correctional education;

7.Principle of continuity, approachability of preschool, school and vocational and technical special correctional education.

Correction of the primary and secondary work with a system of pedagogical approaches, the contribution of a weakened disruption of the psychophysical development to the subdivision for additional assistance in the development of special educational aids. Vaughn is the basis of the process of socialization of abnormal children. To the correctional manager of ordering all the forms and seeing classy and class-by-class work in the process of molding children with high-level education and labor knowledge, reduce that skill. The system of corrective primary-spiritual work will be an active way of saving the abilities of an atypical child, "healthy", but not "spool of illness", behind L.S. Vygotsky's figurative vislov. In the history of development, looking at the change and the form of corrective primary-spiral work, they founded different directives (35):

1. Sensualistic (lat. sensus-perceived). Yogo representatives respected what was most damaged by the process in an abnormal child and sprinyattya, as it was respected as the main source of knowledge of the world (Montessori M., 1870-1952, Italy). Therefore, in the practice of special installations, special occupations were introduced to develop sensory culture, enriching the sensitive awareness of children. Not a lot of it was directly reported about those that the development of the mind is automatically developed as a result of a thorough sensory sphere of mental activity.

2. Biological (physiological). The manager is O. Dekroli (1871-1933, Belgium). Representatives respected that all the initial material is necessary to group the basic physiological processes and instincts of children. O.Decroly saw three stages of corrective-spiritual work: guarding (the stage of the sound theory of Montessori M. is rich), association (the stage of development of thought through the development of the grammar of native language, spiritually enlightening subjects), mov) , spіvi, painting, manual work, ruhіv).

3. Socially - diyalnisne. A.N.Graborov (1885-1949) developed the system of development of sensory culture based on the socially significant science: gras, manual practice, subject lessons, excursions to nature. The implementation of the system was developed with a method of development in children with a rose-based culture of behavior, the development of mental and physical functions, and quite a lot of changes.

4. The concept of a complex anomalous child in the process of development. Directly took shape in oligophrenic pedagogy in the 30s - 40s. XX century in the following report about the development of the significance of the process of learning with a fire (Vigotsky L.S., Gnezdilov M.F., Dulnev G.M., Zankov L.V., Kuzmina-Sirom’yatnikova N.F., Solovyov I.M.) . Denmark is directly related to the concept of a dynamic approach to the development of the structure of the defect and the prospects for the development of rose-colored children. The main source of this directly was and is lost in Denmark, those who corrected defects in cognitive processes in children with a background in development are not seen at the water Kremlin, as there is little space earlier (for Montessori M., Graborova A.M.), but for to the whole process of training and development of atypical children.

In this hour, before defectological science and practice, there are a number of organizational and scientific problems, the solution of which would allow to improve the process of corrective education (51):

The creation of permanently healthy staff psychological, medical and pedagogical commissions-consultations with the method of more early manifestation of individual structure and defect development in children and the cob of correctional training and development, as well as the improvement of the quality of selection of children in special) (additional;

The creation of a total intensification of the process of corrective education of children with limited health opportunities for the development of defectological general education and the promotion of pedagogical mastery;

Organization of a differentiated approach with elements of individualization to a didactic process in the middle of four categories of children from the background of development;

The cramp-in-law-shaped Roboti in the activities of the senior specialized discharge, the Yaki Klioki Doshkille Vika, the method of optimal in the way of a psychological and pedagogical riboty for the success of the Kordovyki.

Empowerment to take away adequate enlightenment for all children, as if it could damage the psychophysical development. Insufficient (incomplete) enrollment of atypical children by special (correctional) schools is appointed. Nearly 800,000 children in the region have defects in development or are not suffocated by school education, they are taught at mass schools, and they may have adequate minds for development, and it is impossible to conquer the enlightenment program;

Improvement of the material and technical base of special correctional preschool and school settings;

Creation of a rich clinical research and experimental development for the development and preparation of small series of technical training for children from sensory and developmental disorders;

The development of sociological problems associated with defects in ontogeny, which is acceptable to identify the reasons for the development of development, the implementation of prevention of defects, the planning of the organization of measures of special installations to improve the breadth of children with the development of opportunities in different regions;

Expansion of measures of socio-cultural support of families, raising children with intermediary health opportunities, defectological education of fathers, promotion of innovative forms of robotic education of children from this atypical child.

The Institute of Correctional Pedagogics RAV is engaged in the development of these problems.

1. Regulatory and legal security of the system of corrective support for children, as a means of improving health in the Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, the rights of persons with problems in development are recognized in the form of documents in the Organization of the United Nations (UN): the Declaration of the Rights of the People, the Declaration on the Rights of the Disabled. Declaration on the rights of rozumovo vydstalih osib, Convention on the rights of the child (5).

Liberty, justice and obov'yazki hromada, enshrined in the norms of international law, regulated by a system of normative legal acts, seen by the bodies of state power structures and other competent authorities: the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education", the Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law “On introducing amendments and additions to the Law of the Russian Federation “On lighting” and so on. Vіdpovіdno until Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on 1 chervnya 1992. it was expanded the whole new developmental program “Children-invalid”, straightened out the foundations of a complex solution of the problems of children from the birth in the development, the creation of the minds of the independent life of a part of the population.

The trip of the Federal District Federal Property Committee 21 Berezi 2007 Rock Bula was introduced into the federals of the federal Tsilov Probe "Diti Rosії", a part of the set of arrivals of the stimulus for the rosvita of the same ash, the rosemizes-the rosema-and-ninnovani-and

Laws of the Russian Federation tell that motherhood and childishness, sіm'ya perebuvayut under the protection of the state. In the fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of the population, it is written that in case of illness, in the practice of practice and in other cases, the population may have the right to medical and social help, for bezkoshtovnu medical help in the state and municipal systems of health care, in the field of prostheses, orthopedic, corygous virobs, hearing aids, transfer devices and other special methods.

The rights of the rights say, the uninvited fi -nickname of the psychic outstanding of the Batkiv sub -osіb, yaki deputy, can be exaggerated in the system of social systems for the background of the Opob, and the same fountains. replace ( 12).

The Law of the Russian Federation “About enlightenment” says that the citizens of the Russian Federation are guaranteed the opportunity to start enlightenment independently in the form of status, race, nationality, movement, travel, place of residence, promotion to religion, reconciliation, life, I will become healthy, social, main and camping camps . And so it goes, what the state creates for the people of the community with the development of minds for their well-being, enlighten, correct the damage to the development and social adaptation on the basis of special pedagogical approaches.

Rosiyska Federalsya, Vydaidichi in the priority of suspended human fesds, vicious people of the right of people in the rest of the Zakhist’s right to the sovereign, the bazai of the legislative base for the superfluous of the specialty, there are a specific health of the stiff. social minds, prepared federal law“About the enlightenment of health with the intermediary possibilities of health - special education” (11). The Act expands to:

* children and grown-ups, the ability to achieve enlightenment, including professional, obmezhenі in connection with physical and (or) mental deficiency, confirming the established order;

* fathers of children, and navit grown-ups - legal chi with an indispensable rank of upovnovazhenih representatives;

* pedagogical, medical and other personnel who take part in the special lighting process;

* sovereign, municipal and non-state bodies, townspeople, as well as legal and physical individuals, like taking part in special education.

Special education for people with physical and (or) mental deficiencies, the ability to increase their physical and mental health with the method of adhering to the social environment, training for labor activity, self-service, self-sufficient life and that life. The special is a part of a part of the system of comprehensive medical and pedagogical, profession of social reabilis, osіb, yaki maythe (Abo) psycho-northecies, and it is turned on to іndivoe signs of such osіbovsiye to the legislation of the sorts of This law transfers sovereign guarantees of the rights of people, as they may be especially required (11).

The laws of Rosiysko federals of the Russian Federation guaranteed to such persons Obvyazkovo in the same time incredibly in the stages of the fіzichevo, the mental disadvantage of the moment of the triviality of the main stagnation. . In addition, it is guaranteed that the education is free of charge regardless of its forms at the borders of the sovereign lighting standard; free access to enlightenment, whether it be equal, which is taken in the minds of an integrated education, viable to psychological and pedagogical and medical indications (counter-indication); training with a possibly minimal isolation from the suspense. And also the training for individual programs is up to special lighting standards, which is compatible with the programs of training in mortgages of the common type, which is to protect the character of that stage of the obvious physical and (or) mental failures; care for special medical indications by transport means for delivery to the nearest initial mortgage. Persons with physical and (or) psychic vadas after completion of training are guaranteed pracevlashtuvannya in the future until they have completed and (or) vocational training in the order prescribed by the legislation on work and legislation on employment.

Fathers of children, may have special lighting needs, the Crimea is right and obov'yazkiv, transferred to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, are covered by special rights:

* be present when looking at the child at the psychological, medical and pedagogical consultations (commissions), express your thoughts and slander in the established order of the commissions;

* take part in the development and implementation of individual primary programs for children;

* but we will accept prior to the pledge of your professional education with a competition at the cost-free training in pedagogical specialties, which will meet the profile of the special education needs of the child. The Law of the Russian Federation “On the provision of health care services with the provision of health facilities (special education)” also entrusted to the state to ensure the provision of facilities, as may be special lighting needs. In the first place, the fee for training at the borders of the state lighting to the standard of osib, may have special lighting needs, does not apply. In times of consumption, individuals need to be provided with transport of the same type and type for delivery to the lighting installation, or to organize cost-free training at home. In a different way, fathers of children, may have special lighting needs and yak at sіm'ї, vіdshkoduyutsya vouchers for training at rozmіrah, appointed by the sovereign standards of vitrats for training at a high-ranking type and looking like a sovereign chi of a municipal institution. Vіdshkoduvannya is paid for the mind of a successful sovereign attestation of a child. Thirdly, on the basis of state security in municipal lighting and special classes (groups) of state and municipal lighting institutions, there are children:

* incomprehensible and weak;

* blind and visually impaired;

· With heavy damage to the movie;

* with damage to the support apparatus;

* Rozumovo vіdstali;

* with changes (deep) disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere and behavior;

* with pronounced difficulties in the navchanni (from the obstruction of the mental development);

* with folding waters.

2. The system of providing specialized assistance to children with limited health opportunities in Russia

The Law of the Russian Federation “On the oversight of the Osіb with the intended hands of healthy (special overstone)” is rumbled by the reckoning of the lords, and the good consumption of the form of Zvichyanniye, the form of the podanovykh, and the unhealed all -in -law (6 .

For the purpose of providing individual assistance to children with special lighting needs, correctional rooms are being created, which are financed from the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation. The skin of such an office of servants is one or the number of illuminating mortgages, the total number of classes (groups) in some may not be more than 40, and the number of quiet ones, who are trained for special needs, is not less than 12.

Also, various specialized centers for rehabilitation are created (not less than one in the skin subject of the Russian Federation) for the training and rehabilitation of children and those who have grown up in age up to 21 with serious and folding nedolіkami development. The heads of such centers are the formation of new recruits and self-service, elementary labor skills and the implementation of lighting to take over individual training programs. Activities at the centers are organized in groups of children from 3 to 10; a large number of students at the center can revisit 100 people.

The Russian Federation is creating that special lighting installation. Special (Korekitzina) Out of Petanova (Dali - Korkitzina Postanova) I see for the forefront of that vihovannya of non -pissing ears, the same all -free roding in the tіnny stars of the formances of the verbal movia spi -Klokavnnya on the rumor of the core in the psycho, for the core of the Coruman. development, otrimannya zagalnosvitnoi, labor and social training to independent life. Behind them, frontal and individual activities are carried out to develop the auditory spriynyattya and thoroughly learn to move in the course of the entire illuminating process. For deaf children with a folding structure, a defect in the warehouse of the lighting mortgage of the first type is organized in classes, the work in which will be for special initial plans.

Krym tsgogo can but organize an association of fathers, so that children may have problems with their development; center for correction and rehabilitation, created by community organizations.

For training, development and social adaptation of children and children with disabilities, with severe injuries to the development, from concomitant illnesses, as well as for providing them with comprehensive assistance, rehabilitation centers of various profiles are created. Tse mozhut buti centers: psychological and pedagogical and medical and social rehabilitation; social and labor adaptation and professional education; social assistance The heads of such centers receive correctional-pedagogical, psychological and vocational assistance, as well as the formation of newcomers self-service and interpersonal, social interdependence, labor skills in children with severe injuries. At the bottom of the center there is a special lighting activity. Occupation at the rehabilitation centers will be for the programs of the individual group training and training. It is not uncommon for the center to provide consultative-diagnostic and methodical assistance to fathers of children with special lighting needs, including informational and legal support.

In the rich regions of Russia, with the initiatives of the fathers and the community associations, try to find centers for sim's and children, centers for rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation centers help enlighten the principles of mass recognition, as children learn there with special lighting needs: to conduct correctional and pedagogical work and consulting.

Start at home with one of the forms of individual training, in order to understand the form of organization of the first to take, with the help of a pedagogical influx of the teacher into the school, which is known to the team.

Table 1


Ministry of Light	Ministry of Health Protection	Ministry of Health and Social Development	Community organizations
Special children plant that manger	Budinki ditini	Houses-internati for the disabled	All-Russian Society of the Disabled (Children-Disabled) (VOI)
Special (correctional) schools	Children of polyclinics	Centers for correction and rehabilitation	All-Russian Society of the Deaf (VIG)
Special (correctional) boarding schools	Care of children's doctors	Psychoneurological nursing homes	All-Russian Society of the Blind (VOS)
Special child booths	Children's sanatorium	Psychological and pedagogical and medical and social centers	Association of Fathers of Disabled Children
Special groups in nurseries	Center for Pathology Mov.	Social assistance centers	Thanksgiving partnerships
Special classes at global education schools	Audiology centers
Speech therapy stations at global education schools	Diagnostic center
Special closed lighting installations

Mіzhvidomchi PMPK

3. The main provisions of the social protection of the child before

Social protection of the childishness in to the current world, Like in Russia, one of the most important, the main officials in the economic, social, cultural development of society, represents the basis of the social policy of the state. The right to receive social protection has become one of the most important elements legal status child, and in such a way it is enshrined in international legal standards and constitutions of the most developed countries. So, in the Preamble of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), it is written that a child, calling for physical and rozum immaturity, will require special protection and turboti, including a strong legal defense (5).

In Russian legislation, scientific literature and different ways, I can understand the protection of children, often distinguishing it from their native categories: legal protection of the child, protection of the rights of the child, social protection of the child. For a zagalovzhivannomu meaning zahistiti means protect, protect, intercede, do not give an image. It is not uncommon for a defender to think about how to protect the right in a sense of zabigannya, to get used to preventive approaches with a method of preventing a swing for the good, which should be special, so that you have rights, freedom.

Theoretically, the rights under the protection of the mind all the sukupnist zahodіv, shchob to ensure the normal implementation of the rights of the economic, political, organizational, investment in the creation of the necessary minds and the basis of specialness.

Vidpovidno to the main directives of the state social policy to support the establishment of children in the Russian Federation (National plan for the greed of children), approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on 14.09.1995. № 942, в яких вперше була розроблена цілісна система соціально-економічних та правових заходів щодо вирішенню пріоритетних завдань життєзабезпечення дітей, що лежить в основі державної соціальної політики щодо покращення становища дітей у РФ після ратифікації Росією Конвенції ООН про права дитини, сутність соціального захисту дитинства полягає in order for additional organizational, legal, financial and economic, socio-psychological, organizational and legal benefits, forms and methods to support support and help children with the method of satisfaction and needs of interests (10). From the point of view of the social defense of the childishness, it is better to understand the legal defense of the child, the protection of the rights of the child, the shards of splintering the whole fabric of the organizational, legal, economic, social, psychological and pedagogical guarantees that secure the rights of the child. Otherwise, hanging on, the social protection of the childishness is accepted as a system.

Continue the work of the development of the system of social protection of children of the federal program “Children of Russia”, direct the creation of friendly minds of the complex development and life of children, and bring the sovereign support of children in an important life situation. The federal target program "Children of Russia" for 2007-2010 is the continuation of the federal target program "Children of Russia" for 2003-2006. Yak showed practice, sociality of problems that are inquisitive with the Stoyan is healthy at the Federal Federal Administrative District, Permitory of the Prochisen, the method for the basics of the realization of the Zaberechi, Zbvyuvanosti, and the mortgage. 'I'm at all stages of child development (13).

The system (in Greek systema qile, folded parts; z'єdnannya) impersonal elements, which in vіdnosinah i zv'yazkah each with one, utavnu tsіlіsnіst, єdnіst (1; 4). Be it a system, it may have the same main signs:

Zagalnu tsіl'ovu spryamovanіst, scho vyznaє zmіst, zavdannya, form that її її funktіonuvannya;

The presence of a singing structure, that is mutually related and mutually related elements;

Pevna ієrarchy of functional competence of її elements (coordinate, control, organize).

The system of social protection of children is resilient, permeating all the institutions of the process of socialization of the specialty of the child and rich in what determines the effectiveness of this process.

At the establishment of the system of social protection of children O.V. Stepanov prostezhuє such moments:

The development of the system of social protection of children is observed in an inconsistent link with the development of successful social institutions of the welfare;

The development of social institutions of the welfare is determined by the needs of the welfare of the security of the human potential, the foundation of the nation;

Formation of forms, methods, structure of social zahistu childishness is determined by the equal socio-economic development, socio-cultural features of the development of society.

In the most infamous sensation, when looking at the social zahist of the childishness, as a system, it comes out of the mind as a totality of such warehouses:

Legislative security and the stage of formation of the regulatory and legal field;

The mechanism of management, the order of interaction between the competent authorities and the institutions, between

vzaimozv'yazku, organizatsiiyni forms of fialnosti installations;

Vikonanny order;

financial and economic and material and technical security;

Scientific-methodical and personnel security;

Enlighten.

Отже, під системою соціального захисту дитинства слід розуміти систему здійснюваних суспільством та його офіційними структурами організаційних, правових, фінансово-економічних, соціально-психолого-педагогічних заходів щодо забезпечення гарантованих умов життя, підтримки життєзабезпечення та гармонійного розвитку дитини з метою задоволення її потреб та інтересів ( 2).

At the same time, it is important to emphasize the fact that there is a difference between the understanding of the social protection of the child and the social protection of the child (2; 7; 8). The social protection of the child is considered as a criterion for the effectiveness of entering the social protection of the child (physical, material and spiritual well-being of children). Основними показниками соціальної захищеності дитинства є об'єктивні (відповідність соціально-економічних, матеріально-побутових умов життя дітей встановленим у даному суспільстві нормам харчування, побуту, правового захисту) та суб'єктивні (індикатори, що характеризують ступінь задоволеності (незадоволеності) дітей їхнім соціальним zakhistom and (or) specialists (experts) visits to the gallery of social zakhistu childishness).

The antipode of the understanding of the social protection of the child can be the understanding of the social protection of the child, or proponed by E.M. Ribinsky’s understanding of the socially unfavorable children, as evidence is due to such factors as self-feeling, the steps of a well-being of a child’s life and satisfaction, as well as a quantity of benefits and services and zapіv (8). Socially disadvantaged children are also characterized by such that they follow the norms of moral-psychological and moral behavior, which reduces the level of training of children to the optimal entry into the social and professional structure of the household (7; 8). Like Bachimo, for the sake of socially unfavorable children, it’s different, to lie down like a superfluous child of the middle of life and without a middle ground with their equal life. Otherwise, in a concentrated looking socially unfavorable child, it can be marked as material insecurity, physical, mental and moral ill health (7; 8).

In this manner, the socially unfavorable children act as an integral (integral) ostentatious and suupnist ostentatious, which reflects the essence of power. Among the integral indications (indicators) of social well-being (unfortunate) can be seen demography, health, food, education and health, financial situation, criminal manifestations. It should be noted that the designations of the collection of warehouse integral indicators of the social disadvantage of children are considered as one of the possible ones at the first stage of the social and economic development, and the analysis of the selected information is considered to be proponated by Є.M. Ribіnskoy system of evidence to allow the dynamics of the analysis of the children's life, to show the impact of various social institutions and processes on the formation of social well-being or disadvantaged children in the household (8).

Thus, in the wild rices of spivvіdshennya to understand that so chi іnakshe succumb to the nourishment of the social protection of the childishness. All the stunning of the Odnanni tuning method, the yak Polega at the serpentine status of Ditini Yak Gromyanin, half the camps in suspension, the same valuable for the collapse of the priority, the MAHALITITION OF THE PRIITIVE OF THE SUBSTITIONALS, know the ENTENTIONAL WIRE.

4. Ways to develop a system of specialized assistance to children with limited health opportunities at the stage

The first stage of the reformation of the system of special education ended with positive changes in this sphere. Another stage of the reformation is transferring the sprat directly:

* The barrel on the basics of the laying of the hunting of healthy and the psychological-medical-pedagogical consumer consultants of the Early Viyavlennnya Viylennnya Supply at the rosvitka, the early truster, the early rod, the nadalic ryanny of the noble Ekonomichny to the system was near, yak_snoi preschool correction. -pedagogical help, you can learn from the illuminating pledges of the sacramental confession, and not from the special (correctional) ones, the versatility of which is richly expensive;

* scientific and theoretical development of the foundations of preschool correctional and pedagogical work with children;

* Completely priyomіv vyyavlennya that medico-psychological-pedagogical education of children with raznym vіdhilennyami, starting from the early age (1-3 years), with the method of selection of optimal minds and utrimannya corrective-pedagogical help of a child in a specific skin condition;

* the creation of a system of psychological and pedagogical support for children who were not stunned by special education (deeply rose-colored, including those with Down's syndrome, with severe and multiple injuries);

* Creation and development of special lighting minds for companies with intermediary capabilities in the system of lighting a global recognition, on all types of lighting, in all types and types of lighting installations (accompanying the development of integration processes), as well as ensuring the development of minds for corrective ;

* stabilization of the activities of the main and development of innovative types of special (corrective) lighting installations, minds of their functioning (material, initial-methodical, personnel, etc.);

* creating there, decedently, a sufficient number of small-scale special (correction) lighting installations for the place of living of children with the method of maximum rotation of the child with the possibility of co-opting up to family and security of family development and post-children's integration;

* the creation of a psychological service in the system of special education and a permanently developing system of psychological, medical and pedagogical counseling for families, like raising children from foster care to development (11).

The implementation of another stage of the reform of the system of special education will be carried out in accordance with the Law “On the education of facilities with intermediary health facilities (special education)”, which will establish an economical planting of the reform stage, transferring low legal and regulatory acts. The economic security of the rough stage of the reform is moving away to the full extent of the mechanisms of rich-channel financing of the sector.

INFORMATSINA TRASTENT THE STREEMENTS OF THE SYSTENT SYSTENTS OF THE NAYARITHY FECTION FECTION DAYS, I am a barrel of vicoristan, Model -format -mere meres for admission,

The system of early detection and correction of development, in our opinion, is to include some of the main blocks.

The first block is screening for children of the first fate of life. Vono transfers us to the development of cards of factors for the risk of development of children. The card is obliged to be placed in the canopy booth with a note about the presence of the risk factor in the registrant, then it is transferred to the clinic for the place of residence for systematic monitoring of the development of the child, and obstezhennia. For the first time, you should suspect that the child is growing up, or that the pace of the development of the child is to be blamed for the complex medical-psychological-pedagogical education.

The main task of the block is the detection of children with suspicion for those who are more likely to develop. For a successful outcome, it is necessary to jointly with the Ministry of Health Protection to test and test:

* Cardi factors of risk in the development of a child;

* screening methods of obstezhennya neuro-psychic development of a child of the first fate of life;

* the procedure for obstezhennya children and guarding for their development;

* Efficient and inexpensive technical tools for screening diagnostics.

The other block is differential diagnostics, which is used in children's polyclinics, specialized centers, and liquor stores. Її zavdannya - manifestation of improvement in development, clarification of the structure of the defect, determination of the possibilities of medical infusion and psychological and pedagogical correction of recovery in the development of a child.

Differential diagnostics will require further thorough techniques and the introduction of the latest technology, to develop those methods and techniques, as well as already, allow the block to complete the task successfully.

The third block - medical-psychological-pedagogical correction of the development of the child. It is necessary to expand and test various organizational forms of correctional injection. So, our report shows that for children with CNS disorders, intellectual problems and other problems, it is possible to organize correctional training in children's polyclinics after the place of living, supplementing their staff with teachers-defectologists, like practicing early in childhood. Children with sensory impairments, problems in emotional development, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, folding structure, defect and specific flooring, which require special help from early childhood. It is necessary to create a system of correction for the gnuchka, so that I can help the child in the clinic for a living, so I specialize in specialized medical and medical-psychological-pedagogical (rehabilitation) centers. The rest could take care of the child's help for the place of living, work with the teacher-defectologist of the polyclinic.

In our opinion, it is also possible to expand such new forms of correctional infusion, like a group of home-based training and short-hour training with special (correctional) preschool mortgages (9).

It’s not at one time in the TSOMO Blotsi and Taku Lanka, Yak Schorichna Nilbliene Medical and Psychological and Pedagogue, the monastery of Ditini (on the Pershoma Zhitty Bazhno is not on the RIK). -pedagogical infusion.

The creation of a system of early detection, correction of the development of the child and the functioning of the system, require special respect for the training of personnel.

The fourth block is the creation of a primed, coordinated state program of training and retraining of faculty for the system of early detection and early correction to help children with education in development.

It is necessary, zocrema, to organize the purposeful training of teachers-defectologists (at the defectological faculties of pedagogical universities and institutes, through advanced qualification courses) for work with children of the early age, for the correction of additional forms of help.

Ninі vіd be-yakіh novatsіy chekayut on ekonomіchny efekt. Unfortunately, this program, like everything that is related to the interests of children with problems, does not show that they can. In the course of the її the number of children with care for the development of the child should be increased for the account of the “unrevealed reserve”. The very implementation of the system of early detection and correction of the damage to the development in the general case will be costly (including modern technical assistance for diagnostics and correction). At some point some of the children will be given some other care, some of the children will be prepared before they will be taught at the mass ceremonial and lighting pledges. And if so, for any child, to give a boost to the child’s development (for example, from moderate and severe hearing impairments, to the ear, to the musculoskeletal apparatus) require constant psychological and pedagogical support and systematic corrective assistance.

Early medical-psychological-pedagogical teaching should be allowed to relax, and in the worst of times, to forget the consequences of that ch іnshoy vodhilennya in development, to help grow people, to take an active part in the life of prosperity. The main economic effect is over the change in the number of different special installations, and the decrease in the number of people with disabilities (8; 9).

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The system of special correctional training in Russia is a law. The system of providing specialized assistance to children with limited health abilities in Russia

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Special psychology (1)

Special preschool pedagogy and psychology

Social policy in special (corrective) boarding schools