Encyclopedia of Kazakh heroes. Images in Russian folk tales
All were small, and all read Russian fairy tales. Reading fairy tales mi little figuratively about all the characters, about Vodyanoy, Baba Yaga, Koshcheev the Immortal, Ivan Tsarevich, Olenka, Varvara Krasa, and more about rich people. Cossacks taught us to recognize good and evil. At the skin hero of the opovіd it is possible to distinguish between good and bad rice. And the skin is the head hero to take revenge on his own singing sense. For example:
1. Ivan Tsarevich - the main heroes of Russian folk tales. Call in Kazakh wines as a positive hero. Yogo is characterized by kindness - tse kindness, honesty and gentry. At the skin kazts Ivan helps people, ryatuє princess or overcome the enemy. Ivan to teach the skin of a person to listen to his heart, and as if it becomes filthy, do not lose heart.
2. Often the hero of fairy tales is guessing - tse Snіguronka. Vaughn to the readers with a lower, inquisitive, pure soul. Snіguronka vtіlyuє y sobі all sami best capacity, What are the faults of the mother of the skin woman. Snіguronka zavzhdí at the Cossacks may unseemly beauty. Look out for us, that everything, that it is not necessary to shy away from the heart, we will not succeed, and also, that it is not necessary to stubbornly face such difficulties. Just what you want, what you need to practice, and then you will see everything.
3. Prote, our children are treated like positive heroes, and negative ones. For example, Baba Yaga was buried at the bagats. Whose character takes the fate of a skin kazci. Baba Yaga lives with the great dark fox in a small hut on smoking legs. Sob the hut turned around and opened its doors, you need to say: hut, hut, turn your back to the fox, and front to me. And then the hut will turn around obov'yazkovo, and open its doors. Stara Yaga is an old friend of Koshchiy the Immortal, stench sometimes lays down plans. Ale golovna characteristic of rice Babi Yagi, those who are flying at the foot of the stairs. Baba Yaga symbolizes the steps of people, like slacking off all things. Children will remember Baba Yaga like a grandmother at the step with a great bent nose.
4. Koshchiy Immortal - the most famous hero of Russian folk tales. I live in proud self near the castle. Also, wine is rich and greedy. Ale, the head of rice Koshchiya, so those who are not so easy to beat. Yogo death is buried in a crystal screen, in an egg. If you take a head, if it is buried in an egg and broken into two parts, then you will die like a cat. Koshchiy Immortal is the image of evil, approaching and filthy people. Marvel at the new one, Bachimo, that everything, who loves pennies strongly, that shvidko gin.
5. Vodyany - the essence of the human race, who lives near the swamp. You are a good master and indecently protect your will. Ale, how to form yoga, you can take revenge zhorstok. Fishermen, yakі caught fish near the waterways, so that Vodyany did not care for him, the stench appeased yogo. People brought up to the water of the chastovannya, and for a gift for the price, Vodyaniy did not tear their fishing nets, and did not laka riba. Vodyany symbolizes people, as if they were ready not to commemorate anything nasty, as if we were giving it to you. Tse negative character, I do not repeat after him.
6. Gnomes - live under the earth, working in the mines. The stench is already robotic. Ale and they have є negative rice, gnomi nadto lasі for gold. For the sake of a new stench, prepare everything that is worthwhile. People who love money the most in the world, become prototypes of gnomes.
7. Domovik - istota, like living in a skin house. Call Domoviy guard of cleanliness and silence in the booth. People believed that if a brownie lived in a booth, then it would always be clean and comfortable there. Domovik is the image of the gospodars and ambitious people.
8. Serpent Gorinich is the negative hero of Russian folk tales. Win maє chi three, chi nine, chi twelve goals. As a rule, the Zmiy Gorinich says half a day. If you fly, make up your face and the earth shakes. At the Cossacks Zmiy Gorinich the beauty of the girls and scorching the place of that village with his fire. The serpent Gorinich symbolizes filthy people, as if for the sake of their reach, they are ready to drink for anything.
Mustache heroes in Russian folk tales take revenge on oneself great sense. Yes, as negative, there are positive heroes. To understand what kind of hero the Kazakhs are, you need to understand and analyze it. Shards of fairy tales are more curly, it is necessary to read them to children;
A fairy tale plays a role in the life of a people. Tse those who vin feel one of the first after the people; Won well suprovodzhuє yogo offensive stages of growth. It is not only children who love fairy tales, but they have grown up. Your deep philosophical sense gives you the opportunity to marvel at the sound of speech; understand the principles of good and evil; learn to be amazing and don't forget about your role.
Moral values are transmitted through characteristic characters, skins from some of their folk prototypes.
Zaєts
A bunny-beggar, a lilac bunny, a slanting bunny - like only a few people do not call a zvіrka in Russian folk tales. Yogo is endowed with a fearful, but at the same time friendly character. Kazkovy hare can be cunning, spritnist and spritnist. Yaskravy butt - a fairy tale "The Fox and the Rabbit", de a small animal from a timid creature transforms into a smart hero, who is smart enough to fool an evil wolf and help his friends.
In nature, hares are right to make charms, as they help them to have unique teeth of huts. Our ancestors knew the peculiarity of the creatures.
fox
Cunning, sprytna, sensible, approachable, vindictive... With such rice, only a fox in a fairy tale is not given. Vaughn deceive the animals, whisper everywhere the zisk, do not be afraid of people. Fox comrades with the strong, but only for their own sake.
The image of the creature has cunning. The popular prototype is the dishonest, villainous, but at the same time a sensible person. Fear the fox, scorn and respect it at the same time. About tsvіdchit zvіdnennya before her in the tales yak Lisitsa Patrikeivna, Chanterelle-Sister.
Vovk
Vovk in Russian Cossacks instills anger. Vіn polyuє on weak creatures; do not hesitate to do tricky. Other characters are not far-sighted. At the kazci "Liska sister and syriy vovk" a dirty hut was fooled by the ore of Shakhrayk, and in "Three piglets"
Yogo could circle around the fingers of an innocent pig.
Our ancestors associated the wolf also with death. Even in nature, this hut is respected by its own orderly to the fox, which is a favorite for weak and sick creatures. And the human prototype of a wolf can be considered by one who is evil, greedy and vengeful.
Vedmіd
Kazkovy Vedmіd - tse master of the fox. Win is strong, rude, clumsy and wise. It is important that the simple people want to show the image of the bear to helpers. Therefore, in fairy tales, weak creatures are often deceived by weaker creatures, with whom noble people are associated.
At the same hour, in fairy tales, you can see another image of a bear: kind, calm, honest, and strong-willed. To finish guessing, how did the doctor help the maiden Masha, how she got lost, in the same creation.
Cholovik (villager)
The image of a peasant in the Cossacks has a different meaning. In some creations, wines stand as an isolation of the working people: deshcho simpletons, spend an hour practicing, do not put up with the injustice of rich rulers. From the other side, people knew instilled in such a drawing, like wisdom and cunning. Vin practical, not rich, but richly cunning and friendly for assistants and generals.
Baba Yaga
A hut on chicken legs, a black whale, a stupa and a mіtla are the main attributes of a Cossack Babi Yaga. Tsya granny is simultaneously evil (what only you threaten), and good (it helps in important situations). Vaughn is wise, strong-willed, purposeful. You can be a cheerleader, or you can be a threat.
The image of Babi-Yaga in Russian Cossacks is one of the most ambiguous and controversial. She is specializing matriarchal rice. Among our ancestors, Baba Yaga was closely tied to her family.
Chakhlik Undying
In Cossacks, yoga can be used in three roles: a chakluna with special strength, an old king of the underground world, who can be a man of the Serpent and a friend of Babi Yaga. May unimaginable zdibnosti: transforming heroes into creatures and birds. It is possible to overcome yogo only after singing rituals (for the help of an enchanting horse, clubs, spitting). Ignorant of my own, I know that I am not immortal, even if death is on the tip of my head (otherwise, like a drop, at the egg), like a hopeful zahovani.
The folk prototype of Koshchiy is a powerful, evil, cunning and wicked person, endowed with magical powers.
Ivan Durak
In spite of the ambiguous name, Ivan zovsim does not separate foolishness, inspire like yoga and call the creature a fool. Among the Cossacks, the youngest of the blues, who often do nothing, linuetsya, but richly reach in life, the wives are cunning and good luck. Tse positive hero, scho risi, so that people wanted a mother. Like a dream, de without special zusil, from the will of good luck, everyone goes: and we are rich, and take the princess for a squad. Our ancestors in the image of Ivan the Fool wanted to show a happy person.
Ivan Tsarevich
At the sight of Ivan the Fool, to whom everything is easy and without zusil, Ivan Tsarevich, in order to reach his goal, can repair a rich membrane, showing his strength, his mind is mine. Tsarevich wins not only because of the fact of the people, about what kind of inspiration one does not guess, but because of merit. Yak and Ivan the Fool, mostly the youngest of the brothers, less of royal blood.
Kikimora
Kikimora in fairy tales can appear in the image of an ugly stature of an unknown age (tse and maiden, and grandmother, and bring on a man). Separation of evil spirits. She tries to hide herself in front of people, but she lives near the dwelling houses or in the swamp. Її zavdannya - dirty tricks and lies.
The mythological meaning of kikimori among our ancestors is a person who went through life in an unrighteous way. That yoga soul does not know peace.
Vodyany
Vodyany є gospodar vodi. Tse napіvstariy-napіvriba. Live for the mliniv, for the viri that polontsi. Lykaє people and drag them to the bottom; lamaє mlini and drown thinness. Ale water can be fooled, overcome cunning.
The most popular Russian fairy tale hero is Ivanushka the Fool, Prote, who is far from being a leader, makes an exclusively positive image. In the kazci "Ivan the peasant's son and marvelous Yudo", the image of the Russian Ivan is the most beautiful and unambiguous. A robotic hero fights with a sword and bare hands, cunning and cunning with miracles that flooded the Russian land. Vin is kind and beautiful, merciful and respectful, strong and sensible, undoubtedly, not a positive image of the Russian kazka.The second Ivan at the "Kazzi about Vasilis the golden scythe" also ryatuy all the people and their views of a terrible snake, which captivated the beauty of that yogo native sister. Ivan Gorokh is a strong and wicked hero, ready to be arrogant with some kind of evil, to protect the native land that is worthy of the honor of his sister. And the axis of the kazci "Ivan Tsarevich and Sirius Vovk" is a positive character for the whole time, Ivan Tsarevich was less fortunate for hearing such a faithful friend. The same trend can be seen in the fairy tales “Konik the Humpbacked Man”, “According to the Pike Velinnya” and many others.
The Russian people respected the “humpbacked grave” to fix the grave, Russian fairy tales are not characterized by the transformation of the hero from a negative character into a positive one.
The most positive female characters in Russian fairy tales are Vasilisa the Beautiful and Wise. The Russian beauty is in front of us with wisdom and kindness, she helps her way to overcome evil cunning and cunning, to reach the enchanting object, or directly yogo is wise. It’s not surprising, but in some fairy tales you can inspire Baba Yaga positively, as if you’re safe on the road with parting words, long-standing knowledge, she gives you material help in looking at enchanting objects: a hook, a comb, a ball of thread or a mirror.
Positive heroes of foreign fairy tales
The heroes of European fairy tales are radically different from the Russians, the stench is weak physically, their intelligence and cunning do not develop as well as in folklore. In the first place, such vivacity appears, like kindness, pokirnist and pracity. Bіlosnіzhka i Popelyushka - slaughtered beauty, people of love and luxury, ale, from the will of evil people, the stench can win over the role of servants. The stench does not report the annual zusils to change their share, the stench succumbs to it and rages like kaydans, out of will, and out of the blue. Moreover, the main idea of such fairy tales is a thought about those that only honesty and practicality are needed for the triumph of justice, and God bless the fairies to generously reward the heroine for all the shortcomings.Pinocchio is a fairy tale by an Italian writer about the transformation of a bad, unheard-of and sometimes hard wooden lyalka into a kind and daring boy. Pinocchio or Pinocchio is one of the most positive childish characters.
Heroes-warriors in foreign fairy tales are rarely presented, one of the few such characters is respected by Chipollino, who in the big world has the image of a revolutionary who fights against dictators against the bourgeoisie and slavery. It's OK to stand and the other positive hero is the middle revolutionary Robin Hood. Selected image noble robber-warrior romanticized and spiritualized. You have to fight against evil in the person of zhorstok feudal lords, against lawlessness and injustice.
Similar fairy tales in their ideas are closer to the Russians, for example, Aladdin is an analogue of Ivan the Fool or Emeli. Similar characters, like Russian ones, are often helped by cunning, spritnist and spritnist, the most popular hero is the “Baghdad villain”, a villain, like a zoom to circle a finger around a dozen tovstosums and so and not be drunk. Mayzhe in the skin of the Arabic Kazakh is the guiding hand - like in the Russian tradition, the lady. That cunning squad of Ali Babi, Sakine, Scheherazade, Yak and Vasilisi in Russian fairy tales is sensible to such cunning and cunning, as power is not given to women.
Thoughts are formed on fairy tales, fantasy and light-gazer rich generations. Fairy tales like rozvazhali us in childhood, but the heroes of Russian fairy tales taught us to distinguish between good and evil, be merciful and do justice.
At one time, the Cossacks saw the occasional vіruvannya, look at that manifestation to the people. As a result, the development of the fairy tale was completely changed, those functions changed. As if it was originally victorious with a magic spell method (calling good luck on the water, save yourself from the enemies, or I will secure the victory in battle), then by the time, having used ritual meaning, the kazka nabula is aesthetic, nabula character or rozvalny character.
I've lost my wits and fairy tale characters. The stench is tipi, but not individuality, henceforth, they are described in slang, often idealized, magnified, exaggerated. Think of the headlines here forever antagonistic: one comforts goodness, is more beautiful; the other is evil forces. Zvіdsi - їх characteristics - dії, vchinki, namіri, mova. Vidpovidno to functions, heroes of Russian fairy tales are mentally subdivided into benefactors, evildoers and miserable.
The largest group of kazkovy folk epos is formed by enchanting, fantastic tales. Explanation of rich motives and features fairy tale heroes you can know more about ancient rituals, elements of the socio-religious way of life of ancient Europeans. Let's try to analyze the deeds ourselves Vіdomi characters Russian fairy tales.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Baba Yaga
Baba Yaga is a character of the Yangan mythology and folklore. Sound the virtuous old woman, endowed with magical powers and enchanting objects. Often witch, chaklunka. Most often - a negative character (I lure children and good fellows from their hut on chicken legs, to get away), but sometimes they act like a helper of the hero. Watching Volodymyr Propp's folklore in Galusia, you can see three types of Babi Yaga among the Cossacks: the giver (giving the head hero a Cossack horse), the giver of children, and the warrior (fighting the head hero "not for life, but for death").
In the current manifestations of Baba Yaga - the master of the fox is the guardian of the cordons of the "inshoy world" (far away kingdom). That is why she has a stone leg - to stand by the world of the dead. In bagatioh fairy tales, the Baba Yaga to drown the lazna and viparyuє the hero, zdіysnyuyuchi rite obmivannya. Let's sweat yoga, to work like a beat feast at once with him. And you female image Babi-yagi claims, on the thought of doslidnikov, from the matriarchal statement about the power of the social world.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Vodyany
In the words of the "Janian mythology" - the spirit that is near the water, the master of the waters, the instilled elements lead like a negative and unsafe cob. Stand in front of us at the looking flabby old, frizzy, with a ribbed tail. I have a majestic beard and a vusa, sometimes - rib'yachi rice, paws with tarps on the head. Live at the vira, viriyah, but especially love the watery melt. To this, the mistresses did their best to appease, and also buried under the deck, where there would be doors to the floor, living black piss, or other protective attributes. Often the Waterman is associated with the sea king.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. firebird
The kazkovy bird sings є to the joke of the hero of the kazka. Firebirds shine and strike with their beauty. Live by the Garden of Eden, by the Golden Gate. To live with golden apples, with your spіvom zlіlyuє ailments and turn zіr blind. On the earthly mythological equal to the separate fire, that sun was bright. To that close of autumn the Firebird dies, and the spring springs up. On the cross-cultural level, there may be an analogue - the bird Phoenix, which is reborn from the ashes.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Serpent Gorinich
The nesting dragon with a kіlkom of heads, the isolation of the evil cob among the Cossacks and bilins. Live ringing in the mountains, whitening the fiery river and guarding the "Kalinіv Mіst", as they consume the kingdom of the dead. The number of heads of the Zmiya-Gorinich call three (3, 6, 9 or 12). Cossacks from snakes ring out associating fire elements. The serpent-Gorinich steals the girls (often the queens) to kiss. After all head hero come to the new one for a duel, persh for driving in yogo ditinchat-vipers.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Ivan Durak
An even more popular image in mythology, which, when problems are solved, is solved by powerful, non-standard solutions, which often super-heal a healthy mind, but bring success. The meaning of "fool" is interpreted differently. Some of the doslednikiv vvazha tse talisman against the street. For a different version of Ivan, they call him a fool, the oskelki ring out among the Cossacks of the wines - the third son, who does not have a share of the father's recession (the stars and the mind think outside the box, know how to get out of difficult situations). Etymologically, the image of Ivan the Fool is tied up in the image of a priest, even if he knows how to sleep and play on various instruments, and also speak in riddles. At the end of the tales, Ivan the Fool takes away wealth and the princess for the squad.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. kit-bayun
The majestic whale-ludozher, with a charming voice. From one side, vіn zamovlyaє i prisyplyає with their kazkas mandrіvnіkіv, zіnshoy, yogo kazka can zlіlyuvati. The very word "bayun" means "balakun, Cossack". At the Cossacks Kit Bayun sit on a high stovpі for distant lands near the thirtieth kingdom, or at the inanimate fox, there are no creatures. In one of the tales I live at Babi Yaga.
Spymati Kota Bayun - tse sound the test for the main character, which is to catch yogo at the slick kovpak and slick mittens. Then let's take Kit Bayun to serve at the royal court, heal the sick with their excuses.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Kolobok
A Kazkovy character looks like wheat bread in a kulya form, which sticks in a grandmother and a mother, in a variety of animals, and a fox in the gardens. This character is clearly tremblingly placing the words of the Yang people to the core of that sacred meaning. And the shape of Kolobok itself is round, which is so long, that it has made us up to the cult of the sun.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Koshchiy (Kashchiy) Immortal
Evil sorcerer, whose death is buried in a number of investments one in one enchanting creatures and objects. “On the sea, on the ocean, there are islands, on that island there is an oak, under the oak there is a screen, at the screen - a hare, at a hare - a pitching, at a pitching - an egg, at an egg - the death of Koshchiy.” Often I name the main character. In appearance - thin (Koshchiy - like the word "kistka"), a tall old or living skeleton. Sometimes on a moving and flying horse. A powerful enchanter that allows one to call the priests prototypes as well.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Lisovik
The spirit-ruler of the fox in the mythology of words. Zovnіshnіst yogi is different, sometimes navitelnym in different kazkah - sometimes wines of small stature, sometimes a giant, sometimes anthropomorphic іstota, sometimes a creaturely image. Have any time - the nature of yoga is potoybіchna. The attitude of people to the new is also twofold. From one side, to be afraid of it, you can confuse a person to get lost, sometimes empty, you can punish for improper behavior in your Volodya. At one time, Lisovik himself is protecting the forest, in view of which the great world is to lie down the life of a person.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales. Miracle Yudo
The character of folk tales is that bilin, and inspires the ancient Slavic mythology. The positive or negative nature of the character is clearly not meaningful, yak i yogo rіd - different epochs vіn buv i zhіnochim, i cholovіchim, i serednіm. Miracle Yudo - the character of the ancient floor, which the survivors cannot tie Yogo to any kind of manifestation.
Tse can be a sea creature, a mythical snake, a dragon. On the author's kazzi of Pyotr Yrshov "Konik the humpbacked horse" (1834) present Miracle Yudo Riba-whale - rib-island.
Rashitova Gulnaz Samativna
5th year student, Faculty of Foreign Languages, MarDU, RF, Yoshkar-Ola
Astankova Tetyana Petrivna
science kerіvnik, Ph.D. philologist. Sciences, Associate Professor, MarDU, RF, city of Yoshkar-Ola
The linguist has a growing interest in skin rock to folk songs. literary creations, zokrema, proof, from the perspective of the gender approach as a possibility for the universal marriage of the role of the people, the realities of the succession and interpersonal relationships. Many scholars (G.G. Slyshkin, M.L. Boloneva and others) were engaged in the development of representations of the concepts “man” and “woman” in literary and folklore creations of Russian and foreign literature. They stink in their robots, that most of the tales were written down in an hour, if in society, culture and the literary canon dominating the patriarchal pidkhid, then the image of a woman is unremembered, and among the creations it was blatant on a fallow camp. Only in fairy tales of the 20th century, in the wake of growing feminist turmoil, began to appear as rіshuchі and vіdvazhnі heroines, as if they took on the role of a man from a row of other characters. The following shows that in the given hour the image of a woman in the literature has changed: the stereotype that leadership belongs to a person, now we will reach a woman, which confirms the “expansion of the old canons of a fairy tale”.
Fairy tales are indicative of action, so for additional analysis of fairy tales, you can take a picture of the light of the eyes of the inhabitants of that hour, find out about them, they were told that they ruled the behavior that they panned in suspension. Fairy tales give us the opportunity to more vividly reveal the images of people and women, supporting their head drawings and special character. When getting to know the work and the characters, the reader is guided by the stereotypes that have formed into the new one, since the main characters are called a man or a woman, the new one already formulates for them a familiar image and a simple behavioral model.
We have carried out a sequential analysis of the images of a man and a woman in the Cossacks of the British Isles. 35 tales were analyzed.
Let's create a list of nominees, which are used to designate people and women in the analyzed stories.
Nominees for people: “a man”, “a fellow”, “a boy”, “a friend”, “a lad”, “a gentleman”, “a marn” (the dialect of Vim’s word “a man”), “a mate”, “a chap”, “a chep” (the dialect of the Wim word “a chap”), “a feller” (the dialect of the Wim word “a fellow”), “a youth”, “a gaffer” (the may mean "old man"), "a roisterer" (a word that gives a negative characterization of the character; the meaning is "reveler"). The heroes of fairy tales can also be charіvnі іstoti, so one of the nominees was the word a merryman (water).
Nominees for women: "a woman", "a gentlewoman", "a maid" ("diva"), "a maidy" (which is sung in a rose style, adopted as the word "a maid" with the help of the variegated-motley suffix "y " ), "a maiden", "a female", "a dame", "a lass", "a girl", "Aunt", "a lady", "a gal" (Wim's dialect is "a girl") , "a witch". The heroes of fairy tales can be enchanting, that is why such meanings for mermaids are used, like “a merrymaid”, “a creature”, “a sea-woman”.
Varto signifies that we analyzed the tales were written in an hour, if the basis of the tradition was the patriarchal way, then the leading heroes of the big boulder were the people, and the women either played a different role, otherwise they did not guess at the Kazakhs.
Tim is not less, raznomanіtnіst zasoba appeals like to a man, so to a woman is the same. People are characterized by the words "a friend" ("friend"), "a chap" ("old man"), "a fellow" ("friend"), in which simplicity and kindness are emphasized one to one. A person stands in a negative image closer, lower than a positive one, but in a few different ways in the representations in the image of a passer-by ("a roisterer"), who loves a drunk, or a bad peasant, who is easily outwitted (kazka "The Mare's Egg").
The woman is depicted in the role of a simple villager, the head turbot like a family. To young girls, people often turn affectionately, vikoristovuyuchi lexemes (a lass, a maid) and adding to the words change-colorful suffixes (a maidy). Povaga to the vіku that love of the otochyuchih can buti podkresleni animals "Aunt" ("titonka").
So, as in the fairy tales, the realities of the singing hour are fixed, the devices of life and sound, they constantly reinforce the importance of such a valuable orientation, like a family. Almost all the characters in the fairy tales, like men, women, friends, they have two or three children. Some fairy tales tell about lonely old people (the fairy tale “The Tulip Pixies”) or about women who have spent people and continue talking about their children (like in the fairy tales “The Lady of Llyn y Fan Fach”, “The Boogies an' the Salt-box ”)). Yunaks are also represented in fairy tales as friendly: as if they live with their fathers, for example, fairy tales stink like a girl, they make friends with any good (the fairy tale “A Pottle o’ Brains”). This, however, is not always typical for a young girl: she can get enough of it herself, inspire a wiser kohan (the fairy tale “Cherry of Zennor”).
In the analyzed fairy tales, the role of women is repeatedly emphasized as the guardian of the fire, to that it is necessary to occupy and zdіbnosti, like the stench of the city, to be able to look after the family and the master: they are engaged in gardening, moreover, they are encouraged to specialize in love (“garden care” - about a woman’s summer at the “The Tulip Pixies” Cossacks), working as housemaids (“Jan Coo”, “Cherry of Tennor”), nannies for the children of the rulers (“The Sweating Fairies”), or serving them around the house yak rest or economy (tales "Cherry of Zennor", "Cap o'Rushes", "The Lancashire Witches"). Cossacks conjure up special magical vibes, like spirits. The stench can stop them for the good, help people with joy, or win the role of a doctor.
People take care of their families, as a rule, being engaged in farming (shepherds) or abo ribalism. The professions of a shevts, a forester, a miroshnik, a priest, a doctor, a salesman, a cook, a viysk one, are born more often. The professional skills of people are revealed in the mind of the master: they are characterized as “skillful” and “a wonder with the sheep”.
The heroes of fairy tales are people of a different age, and the skin age of a century is characterized by a song characteristic: young (“young”, “youthful”), grown up (indicated in: “thirty years of old”) and summer (“old”; epithets "ancient", "out-and-out old"). Junkie and young people, as a rule, tend to have a familiar sound (“handsome”, “powerful”, “with brilliant and piercing eyes”, “eyes are bright”). The old look of people of a frail age reassuring their wisdom and living the rocks (“white-haired”, “bald”, “his face was shrunk like a long-kept apple and covered with small wrinkles that ran together like cracks in rock”). The zvnіshnіst of enchanting іstot (elves, dwarfs) is also described in fairy tales: their main characteristic is a small spіst (little, tiniest wee specimen of humanity imaginable).
The age of a woman varies from young (young) to frail (old). Most of the girls are mumbling an ordinary sound. In the description of these characters, their youth and strength are emphasized (“lusty” in the meaning “strong”, “mіtsniy”, “healthy”). In lonely women, the girl stands in the image of a beauty (“handsome”, “as sweet as a rose” in the Kazakh “Cherry of Zennor”). True beauty is less than charming: mermaids (“fair”, “golden-colored hair that shines like sunbeams”, “eyes shine like the brightest of stars on a gloomy night”, “the most beautiful creature that mortal ey”, primari ( “lovely”, 'pretty”), see (“beautiful”). leave the kohanimi (“The Boggart of Hellen Pot” fairy tale). , or make friends with them (the fairy tale “The Lady of Llyn y Fan Fach”), the prote їhnє zhіtta develops tragically. When describing the summer women, the їхній вік і вік and vikoristovuyutsya prikmetniki with a negative connotation (dry-boned, ugly-looking).
The main drawings of the character of a person correspond to the canonical manifestations of the patriarchal way of life: the stench is bold and strong, the building resists negligence (hedger, bold as a lion, did not fear man nor devil). Human villagers are endowed with positive characteristics: kindness, sympathy, willingness to help and love to their own family, honesty (“kind”, “friendly”, “loving”, “tender-hearted”, “didn't like anyone to be in trouble”) , “honest”, “willingly gave aid free to those too poor”, “nursed the twins with great care and tenderness”). The stinks stand up to the enchanting circumstances, as if they were negative characteristics (“sly”, “cunning”) and are constantly introduced into life ordinary people. The villagers are identified with people with a high social status, and the stinks are most often seen as mastery and zhorstok (“cruel and wicked”, “tyrant”, like in the Kazakh “The Sunken City of Llyn Bala”), which reinforces the severity of the problem of social unrest at that time. People of a frail age are depicted as suvori, mistrustful people whose thought is important to change (“stern”, “stubborn”, “disbelieving”).
Practically all people can have a high intellect and smart ways to outwit the charming nature of a woman’s status (knowledgeable, wise, as wise as owls, particularly clever). Some people are described as the smartest people in the world and when they get in trouble, they can't tell. In this way, a satirical effect is created, so that one should not talk about them as if they were bad people, but, on the contrary, they reinforce their wisdom and reason (the fairy tale "The Mare's Egg"). Young people can also be characterized as people who are not self-reliant, who lie in front of their mothers (“foolish”, “no more fit to look after thysel' than an' unborn babby” in the Kazakh language “A Pottle o' Brains”).
Young girls are described as cheerful, in love with their souls and their suspense. Cossacks emphasize their youth, bezturbotnist and tukavist (full of frolic and mischief, curious, nice, courageous). Foreign women are characterized as loving and generous mothers who lie around their children (“good”, “nursed the twins with great care and tenderness”, “did not like to leave her children by themselves in their cradle, even for a minute”) . Some women characters are not humble, but smart and cunning women. In the Kazakh "Mary Who Were Afraid O'Nothing", the main heroine spends nothing at the crypt, chats with the mayor and deceives the lord's house, having taken away the wealth of the lords. Talk about her as if she were merciful in the settlement (“afraid o' nothin' that's alive nor dead”), wanting a person to take it like a weak woman. In that hour, young girls and women are characterized positively, summer heroes stand like women with a filthy character (“ill-tempered”).
Women's characters, on the lookout for people, rarely have a high intellect. The girls are portrayed as naive, and the women have to turn to the wise man for help (Egg-shell Pottage). Summer women can be endowed with wisdom and knowledge, like stench victorious for special purposes, deceiving people (kazka A Pottle o Brains) or istot, endowing with supernatural strength (kazka How Oud Polly Gorst Cum Agin).
The tales of the British Isles analyzed by us are classic, they describe the way of life wonderful people That they were engaged in farming, breeding thinness, fishing and didn’t lighten up, to that the language of heroes is original and shows equal enlightenment of people, as if they lived on that hour. Mova characters in power are short, omitted words and service parts, grammatical pardons. The following is also indicative of the peculiarities of the vim characters, the intelligence of their adventures.
For the movement of a person in a different age, it is more typical to speak in a language great number vigukiv (“pah”, “ess”, “wall”, “wela”, “wbwb”, “dare me”, “o lorks”, “weel”). In human language there is a lot of space and vulgarism, which is not used in woman language (“you ugly brute”, “ye druffen rascal”, “thou cock-eyed raggamaffin”). Before the phonetic features of human language, one can see the occurrence of voice and voice sounds on the cob and in the end of words (“doan ’ ee know ’ tis mortal unlucky”, “what dis here ol’ fellow's got under ’ is arm", " ’ er must ’ a bin mistook”) and the wrong Vim ending “ing” in the deaf forms (“there's someone calli n’ ”).
The following designate the dialectical features of the language of the characters in the fairy tales: for the last part (the dialect of Vimova slіv (“a mistook”), especially the form of the ending of Participle I, like the speech “I should be with marrimaids drinkan rum or huntan sharks”), for pіvdno-shіdnoї (replacement of sounds (for example, [ð] go to [d] from “did you hear date”), a larger voice of Vim’s voice (like Wiguk’s “yes” - “ yahs”), a sign of a nasal sound (for example, for “good marnin’ ”)), for the central part (especially the Wim borrower “one”, the name of the nasal sound (like in the word “ unclickin toad”), especially vim’s wiguku “no” - “ nay”), for the native English (closed voice sound in the dialect word “to have” (like in “she likes to hev”)), for Yorkshire and Lincolnshire (for example: “as this ma’ es me t’ scratch”)). From the point of view of authority, my people and women are not afraid. Dialectisms are common among all the heroes of fairy tales.
However, when the speeches of people and women are equal, the number of pardons among people becomes more pronounced, especially in grammar: the word-word-link is incorrect (“I aim’ t the least bit frightened”, “if them ’ m ready to larn”), wrong shape borrowers (“ us had better let'n bide”), subverted (“dere aren't’ tno fairisees”, “all de staff in your shop can’ t do me no good”), pardons in mental speeches (“I am, if you willdirect me”), the wrong form of the word (“I havebroke my peel'”). The language of people is also characterized by the use of eloquent speeches (“Dat so?”). The language of the kings and priests is correct, they have short, omitted, vulgar words, which are often used in promotions of unlit people (the fairy tales “Cherry of Zennor” and “A cure for a Fairy”).
Promotions of people victorious have old forms of words “to be”, “to have” and borrowers “you” (“ef thee art my old woman, they hast had a narrow escape, I can tell thee, of being left as bad as a widow”), like a woman’s promotions are not fastened. For the promotion of people of a frail age, such syntactical features are characteristic, like inversion. Ring it out victorious at the promotional queens (“ Soenit. I shall not oppose you”). Tim himself hopes for cleanliness and speaks out on the importance of what is being said.
When the promotions of people and women are divided, stylistic considerations are more often used in the promotion of people: they often have a difference. , vegetables, gooks, hairpins and horses, yak brigade, scho nibi, and epithets ("a whippie Tam") and idioms ("as sure as a gun", "I'm sick as a toad of it", "as bold as brass").
For promotional women, stylistic features are practically not narrowed down. Blame it on a woman of high social status, for example, a princes (wonderful words for expressing love: “I love you as fresh meat loves salt” in the Kazakh “Cap o’Rushes”). The woman of the language is revered by the lesser wiguk women, most often by the language of the summer women (“ess”, “ah”, “aye”, “lor”, “lork”, ‘laws, no”) and the same vulgarism. Vimova’s woman is so self-sufficient, like Vimova’s cholovikiv, there are dialectical features, and for him, the sound is characteristic, voiced and voiced, on the cob of the word (“I'll ate ’ um”) and in the end ('They be lulli n’ їх babies to sleep. If the l i'l dears b 'a int a-kissi n' their babies 'f ore they pick 'n up”). Dialectic features of Vimovy are heard in my grown-up women (zvіnkuvannya zvіnkuvannya, especially Vym's borrower "one", the replacement of sounds, like, for example, in "I run vor salt box and drawn a handvul at un», « noo agin”, “so I tuk it”) and that in my big women of the summer women (viepadannya sound [l] in “she was not the owdest widdy”, especially Vimov’s borrowers and non-standard forms of modal words (for example: “ yew musent bring a light”), ringing of voices, lowering voice sounds, a special form of the word in Participle II, like in “what sooart ov a nest-egg I'd getten”).
In women, on the vіdmіnu vіd cholovіkіv, grammatically correct mova, pardons are rarely used for this: for example, the form of the borrower is wrong (“leave stink kegs”), pardons of the sanctified miraculous step of the applier (“the beautifullest lady”), an incorrect form of the additional dialect (“that don’ t signify"). Like the pardons of the greater world, the taman promot the people of the frail age.
In this rank, among the Cossacks of the British Isles, the most widespread hero is a man-peasant, who is engaged in cattle breeding, farming and fishing. Yogo is the main task of helping safe families. From time to time, wine is relied upon in a twisted situation, but it’s goodness, kindness, and strength to help you know the solution. A man, who looks like a woman, seems to be a sensible, knowledgeable person, just like a wise woman can be more than a summer woman or a chaklunka. The description of the beauty of the people does not add much respect, even as a woman's beauty, especially the enchanting istots, is always considered a person, often with the best stylistic features.
In fairy tales, the images of the characters are created in the form of a description of their ranks, prote z promotion of the characters, and it is also possible to make vysnovkas about the character, behavior, degree of illumination, social status and the position of the heroes. At the promotion of people, space, grammatical pardons, dialect vimova are often spoken. People with a high social status do not have such a thing. Mova zhіnok, porivnya z promovoy cholovіkіv, literate, have nіy vіdsutnі vulgarism, and pardons, most importantly, are made in the osіb of the older generation.
Women more often become the heroines of fairy tales, and the image that is most often spoken of is the woman-village woman, who acts as the guardian of the family nest. In the description of the image of a woman, she voices herself in the role of a mother. The activity of a woman is also tied to the masters, and behind the house, call out the nurse, the economy, or peace. Women more often than men, appear as mystical essences, as if they victorious their strength to harm people.
The investigation carried out by us allows us to develop a non-trivial vysnovka in those who, in the analyzed kazkas, are prone to the idea of a patriarchal way of life in the household, the role was played by the people, and the woman was changing at the fallow camp. Vidpovidno before the manifestation of suspіlstva and created images of a man and a woman in the Cossacks of the British Isles.
List of literature:
- Bolonova M.L. The concept of woman and man in the discourse of fairy tales // Bulletin of the Irkutsk State Technical University. - 2014. - No. 2. - P. 41-48.
- Folk tales of the British Isles: collection / order. J. Riordan. M.: Veselka, 1987. - 368 p.
- Slishkin G.G. Gender Conceptual Sphere of a Contemporary Russian Joke// Gender as an intrigue of knowledge. Almanac. Pilot issue. - 2002. - S. 66-72.
