Franz Kafka short biography. Short biography of French Kafka Gravestone monument to himself

Creativity of Franz Kafka

U. Eko about Kafka's novel "The Process" in the cycle "Internal Reviews": "It's not a bad book, detective troshka with Hitchcock's knack. It's good to hit the finale. Zagalom, the book knows your reader. Censorship Navіscho nezazumіlі natyaky, why not call their names and heroes, and the place of diї? І z for all the same cause may be the place of the "process"? it’s more elegant to write “one person” instead of “pan in such and such a place and at such and such an hour”, and it’s poetic. Well, okay.

Kafka is simultaneously called the Austrian and German writer, but in both cases - the classic and the greatest writer of our time. І tse unvipadkovo. Having poured in the prose of Kafka, especially the yoga novels "The Process" and "The Castle", the literature of the twentieth century was superbly wide (the peak of popularity in Western Europe falls on the 50-60th rr., in Russia at the same time Kafka is a hackneyed writer) and called out as if not directly from literature, then it’s a big deal to change the sense of literature. Kafka, who for life did not lie down to the level of the literary current, zoomed in on the fierce aspirations of the modernist art of the twentieth century. Vіn is one of the first in the sphere of artistic prose, having turned to that absurdity and ripped off evidence. Specity of Prose Kafka Poleaguє in this, Scho Novy Zm_st (Tobto Nogogichny, Irratzіonalnia, FyshMagoric, absurdity, "Realnian's dreamy) Vtіlєvyu in deliberately Logіchnіyi, Yasnіyi, Ascetic Formi, at Cyom Kafka Movniy Zherіiguє Traditzіin Movna Structure, Zv..Iniznіst i reasons logical logic. Іnaksha Kuzhuchi, for the additional tradition of the traditional clasic nomі_v Kafka zaggzhuє "Unrealnі" situzії, І YoHO GEROї MODE LOW LOGO OWN HOW KILOKOH STORININK MIRKUVATA PROTEK OGLIKHNIY, JUST NEYMOVІRNI RUCH CUSTRY ON ZVICHYNIY, DANA CUSTRY COMENTAR COMMENTARY vlasny dosvid. As a result, the effect is blamed: "everything is clear, but nothing was clear"; almost like shock, discomfort, bogeville, otherwise - "kafkaana", attached ("permanent") revolution in prose. The most untrue and absurd undertones in Kafka, like, for example, the transformation of a person into a coma, in "Reformed" the floorings are depicted in a basic and report, great kіlkistyu naturalistic details, which are blamed for their indestructible authenticity.

The phenomenon of Kafka and "Kafkaana" repeatedly became the subject of reflections of writers and philosophers of the twentieth century. So, preparing to draw up to ten fates on the day of Kafka's death, Walter Benjamin begins to sing about Gershom Scholem, Werner Kraft and Theodor Adorno, and also talks about Kafka with Bertolt Brecht. Scholem explains Kafka's prose from the standpoint of Kabbalistics, Adorno knows Kafka's lack of dialectics (in Hegelian understanding), Brecht inscribes Kafka in a broad social context, Kraft points to the collapsible link between Kafka's texts and law and his representatives. Ezhen Ionesco, French playwright, creator of the "theater of the absurd" talking about Kafka:.

Hoffmann and Dostoyevsky, the other philosophers - Schopenhauer and especially Kierkegaard, whom Kafka respected most of his relatives, added to Kafka's original and unique prose. Kafka's artistic manners are taman savory and lucidity of form, strict logic is the development of thought and plot, allegorical and rich meaning, the subversion of fantasy and reality. The light is often seen by Kafka without giving concrete examples of the hour of that month, the passage of an hourly unreal light of motives behind the real laws of the suspense. Kafka often goes as far as the grotesque, allegory and parables, as well as the creation of satirical allegory and philosophical exaggeration. Kafka is called the master of allegory. To the thought of Walter Benjamin, in the prose of Kafka's eternity, archetypal situations, like Kafka did not write style himself, retelling the words, zooming in on the deep layers (collective unfamiliar?).

All of Kafka's prose, beyond redkish vinnyatkas, has a parable character (divine, for example, the novels "How great the Chinese wall was", "Hunger", "At the prison colony"). The universal archetypal parable model conveys the following figure to the text:

polysemanticity - The presence of a wealth of equal meanings, the possibility of various misunderstandings in the text, tobto. the text may at once be a sprat of "correct" tlumachens;

bagatorіvnevіst - The presence of another, attached equal to the text, otherwise - to the subtext. Sound, less on a par with the subtext of encryptions, the initial zmist to the text, sound related to the nourishment of morality. As a result of reading the text, the reader is to blame for self-development of the visnovka, the raising of the susilla and the name of the private to the vulgar, the alegorical abstract figures of the mind with the help of an individual zmist, autobiographical information.

Kafka takes from his prose all the peculiarities of the parable genre (for example, the short story "Reformation", the novels "The Castle", "The Trial"). What's more, the American poet Wysten Hugh Auden appreciates that Kafka is the master of the parable in the purest sense.

The central themes of Kafka's prose - tse pov'yazani one with one thematic complexes 1) "blame, fear, selfishness, punishment / payment" and 2) "the power of that power, the law." It is difficult to understand these thematic connections as richly meaningful and ambivalent.

The parable can be universal and autobiographical, special sense, so biographical information about the author of the parable can help with the clouded text, direct the reader and save it from misreading.

Having commanded his friend Max Brod, Kafka to burn three unpublished novels for his life ("Without the news" ("America", 1912-1914, publ. 1927)), "Trial" (publ. 1925), "Castle" (publ. in 1926), all manuscripts are in print. Prote Max Brod did not abide by his will, and he published all of Kafka's novels, his novels, parables, and wind up students and leaves (with Max Brod's comments). Kafka himself did not want to publish his work for various reasons. One of them is Kafka, having respected his prose for the unworthy respect of the public. Kafka is even more unstoppable in his own person with rich complexes. In childhood, we were weak, we were like a lad, like a fearful father, vchitelіv, koltchakіv on the street. Another reason is the intimate and special morning prose. Kafka's biographies and the first biographer, Kafka's friend Max Brod, knows impersonal attachments, encrypted autobiographical elements in Kafka's metaphorical prose. The stench vvazhayut that in all his creations Kafka describes the power of fears and nightmares. The third reason is the fear of multiplication of evil in the material world, because Kafka's prose is full of t.z. "evil images" (devilish), I almost see that without escape.

Feeling the innocence, homelessness and selfishness - the leitmotifs of Kafka's creativity - revisited his entire life. Vіn єvrey za natsіonalіstyu ("nation vignanih"). Kafka's fathers are German-Jewish, mothers look like rabbis (rabbis - wise-readers). Without a doubt, in his parable texts, Kafka continues the biblical religious-philosophical tradition of parables. In youth, Kafka was baiduzhiy to Judaism, in mature years, the fates were independent in Hebrew, and I want to go to Palestine. Max Brod appreciates that Kafka is deeply religious and propagates a religious and esoteric interpretation of yoga creativity.

Kafka is a Czech for the people of the people, he was born and may have lived all his life near Prazі. Nіmets z movi - a way of expressing thoughts - and Austrian culture. The Czech Republic at that time was part of the warehouse of the Austro-Ugric Empire - the Habsburg monarchy (the hour of the reign of Franz Josip), which broke up in 1918.

Kafka zdobuv juridical enlightenment. For real, the father wins the right to the Charles (Nimets) University in Prague. In 1906 Kafka graduates from the university and defends her dissertation, ending up as a result of the steps of a doctor of law. For Kafka's fate, he would have to practice with a judge, for an hour of practice at a private insurance bureau. Z 1908 vіn starts serving as a dribny official in the state insurance company, as I have seen insurance workers in unfortunate weather. Obov'yazki Kafka polagali at the control of security equipment, written zvіtіv that newspaper articles about the activity of the campaign. Until the hour (the service ended about 14 years old) Kafka folded different papers at the service, after he spoke, and at night he wrote. If the fathers wanted to spend time practicing in the shop for obidі (Kafka's father was engaged in the haberdashery trade), then Kafka thinks about self-destruction. Kafka is small and foldable with father. Div. "Leaf to dad" (1919). The problem of vzaєmini sina and that dad - Kafka's special problem - in yoga prose it was always like "wine blue - right, which may be the power of the father." Max Brod is aware that a little bit of a fault before the father then grew in a little blame before life.

Kafka, having served as an official in the insurance company all his life, is the protagonist of his life, he is no longer suc- cessful in creativity. Work in the insurance campaign, conflicts with the father, not far away try to make friends, sleep well, be it life dosvid- everything became the material of yoga prose. Write Kafka more often at the university, some of the first artistic achievements - short stories, "verses in prose", are known until 1904. Collection of reviews "Looking" - Kafka's first book, written in 1912. for the help of Max Brod. Krym tsієї dues for the life of Kafka were also seen due to the dues of "Silsky likar" (1919), "At the prison colony" (1919), "Hunger" (1924).

In his first novel "Znikliy obzvesti" ("Unknown obscurity"), seen in 19276 by Max Brod under the name "America", Kafka turns to those "father - son". Yogo hero - 16-year-old Karl Rossmann vygnany z house fathers (the servant gave birth to a new child). Vin їde to America, Oklahoma (lit. z іndіanskoї - "beautiful country"). The novel didn't end. However, according to the author's idea, the hero is guilty of low luck to turn to the fatherland and know his fathers. Ale imovirne optimistic interpretation - only one of the possible options for reversing the situation, and in the future create Kafka, for example, also the unfinished novel "The Castle" should not allow such a happy end. Cafés navit dorikali, that they don’t propagate in their creations at the same time.

In 1912 Kafka meets Felice Bauer. The two handrails are breaking apart. Pochuttya blame less posilyuєєtsya. At the sheets to a friend Kafka swear that none of those close to him are wise, and he is named among them. Zagal acquaintance with Felice lasted for 5 years (from 1912 to 1914). One of the reasons for the rise is Kafka's fear of destroying selfhood, which is necessary for creativity. "Actually, samota is my only meta, my greatest peace of mind. And regardless of the price - fear of him, which I love so much," Kafka wrote. The theme of self-reliance in Kafka's creativity and life is ambivalent - you will try to save self-sufficiency and save it at once. On the one hand, self-esteem is the tragic share of a person, doomed to be unreasonable, and tied up with punishment. From the other side - a sign of obraznosti and dissimilarity to others.

Synthesis of the themes "blame - fear (nightmarish dream) - selfishness" of ideas in the novel "Re-creation" (1912, publ. 1915), as if at the same time rozpoviddu "Virok" (1912, publ. 1913) and "Stoker" (1913, under such I will call the first chapter of the unfinished novel "The Knowing of the Unknown" published) is guilty of compiling a trilogy under the title "Blue".

In "Returned" there is a sense of self-identity, viklikans realize their dissimilarity to others, to bring the main character Gregor Samza to complete isolation, like Kafka conveys through the change of identity, to make it more obvious. Gregor's reincarnation is the same as before the inner reincarnation, as shown through the change of the outer look.

In Kafka's "Reworked" the victorious technique of "materialization of metaphor". Vіn take the literal meanings of the staunch viras that have been erased (for example, “when you have instilled a human image”, “it’s like a nightmare”) and realize the meaning like a plot. As a result, Kafka's prose is metaphorical, while there are practically no metaphors in the text itself, and the language is precise, clear and borderline logical.

The symbolic language in the short story "Re-creation" can be vitlumached as well as the symbolism of a dream. In Kafka's prose, it often focuses on the "material of dreams" and, obviously, victorious "logic of dreams". Special feature: Kafka's bad dream starts only when the hero is thrown away ("Reformation", "Process"). Illogicality, absurdity and irrationalness to mischief, vindication of speeches and people are invisible to the stars - everything is navmisno zv'yazykovo and rationally manifested irrational zmist - the result of focusing on dreaming reality.

Romani-parables "Process" and "Castle" also tell about spiritual and spiritual transformation. Over the novel "Trial" Kafka worked in 1914-1915, over his remaining novel "The Castle" - in 1921-22. The main theme of these novels is the power of power to the law (the reason for that number is metaphysical Power) and powerlessness of the people.

In the novel "The Process" head hero Josef K. is thrown, but the day, the deputy starts like a zavzhdi, raptly develops behind the logic of a nightmarish dream. Deputy servants with a ranking position are called by two policemen and they confirm that Josef K. is guilty and that he is on a new check in court. When the hero is guilty, the stench is not called, and the reader does not know why the hero is guilty. It is said about Josef K. that he is "zhahlivy with all his innocence". Arrest of overlays on Yosef formally, and wine does not matter to you, as before, freely change your clothes, wear service shoes, but the strength of the Court is not bugged. Zreshtoy Yosef K. This unmistakable secret Court zaluchaet Yosef until vіdpovіdі, yoga strachuyut - kill, "like a dog." The absurdity of the situation lies in the fact that in the midst of the crime in the novel - empty, broken, the protse does not care about the process of growing up and, zreshtoy, vikonati death virok. Josef K. accepts nav'yazanі yoma wash your face, moreover, you don't tell the truth, but joke about the defendant like accusations.

The development of the podia at the "Proceedings" was for Kafka a bold scheme, and in yoga prose there are various variants of the scheme: force , connected with deformation - guilt , often invisible and more metaphysical - powerless people , inactivity, even though it has shown activity, then to no avail - early warning yak vodplata (kara abo nagoda)". Feel sorry for Kafka in two ways - 1) wine yak distinctive feature people, tse understanding pov'yazane іz sovіstyu that peredbachaє purge;

) is a sign of unfreedom. The power of Kafka's prose, as a rule, is abstract and without special features - it is a coherent and ostentatious form of suspіlstva, it is borderline bureaucratized and fundamentally aimless. The only recognition of the strength is the strangulation of the people and the navіyuvannya a little guilty. The "Process" has power - the law (div. "brama to the law" from an interstitial parable), the "Castle" - power.

The unfinished form of the works (a form of the novel, "minus-priyom" in Lotman's terminology) is hardly possible to see the inexorability, creating the illusion of the inexorability of evil and the inconsistency of the colism.

Bred nada to the novel "The Castle" an additional world: all people are pragmatic to God, pragmatically often behind the authorities, often - for expanding the rules among people, but God has his own rules Youmu to become a single sense of іsnuvannya.

The life of society invades the special life of a person, needing to override individual freedom. Turning up to the problem of "man - society", Kafka showed the absurdity and inhumanity of the bureaucratized totalitarian society. Moreover, Kafka only talks about the essential or possible manner of speeches, portraying them in such a way that they say something like “quiet heat” in the chitacha, but the proposition of the way out of such a situation, including not Kafka himself, was not included. Leather chitach maє zrobiti visnovok himself.

On the other hand, important is the reaction of the person herself to the mechanism of power. So, in the novel "The Castle" in order to zalyakat the people, the Castle did not require anything to work: the system was created by him without knowing, for understanding the power of that її mechanisms are formed at the svіdomostі of the people themselves. As a result, a person cannot accept the sound of the government’s call and stand up - it’s called out to be supportive. The spirit of the person is roaring, the “I” is vanishing, and the person is voluntarily transforming into a mechanism - the “gvintik” of power. The universal conflict in Kafka's prose is presented as follows: people ("foreign", "solitary", "function", "mechanism") - navkolishniy svit ("Інші", "dictatorship is bureaucratized"). In Kafka - depersonalization, "falling down" of the hero, who spends his human image or his own name, and dehumanization (A. Guliga), the presence of faith in a person, yak, vtim, does not give a basis for faith in it.

One of the possible whiskers from the prose of Kafka is a reminder for those who are in the world and from the very people need to take on themselves If a person did not win over his ability, then he should sound as necessary to himself. One of the central provisions of the philosophy of existentialism - the philosophical basis of modern art: "everything starts from the skin of the skin of a person and її іindividual choice". Kafka, destroying his prose existential problems, write about them.

Literature of the XX century. characterized by elevated respect to the inner light of the people. Insanely, Kafka is also chirped by subtle spiritual experiences of people, but more and more respect is attached to the furnishing, minds, as they form this distinctive inner light. With this Kafka from the most diverse spheres of spiritual life, one can only look at a few aspects: to blame blame and work on the mechanisms of fear, guilt, stagnation. We look at them in a pure way - like an abstract model of behavior.

Seeing the tragedy and absurdity of life brings Kafka and the Expressionists closer, and yet the prose behind the style is more traditional, less avant-garde. Kafka "expressionist" for light-heartedness. Yogo meta - a manifestation of the wet inner state, tragic and bifurcated, then the inner picture is projected onto the outer world - the result of Kafka's prose.

Zhovtni 1915. Kafka wins the Fontana Prize. Vlasna the prize was awarded to another writer - Karl Sternheim, who passed it on to the "young writer" Franz Kaftz for his essay "Stoker", published in 1913. This award for Kafka was a joy and a pain in the ass. Yogo's students have already become more skargi for sleeplessness and head pain, thinking about the fall of the sin is more poised: "God's wickedness according to the age of humanity"; "Take me, take me, gossip for stupidity and pain." Kafka put himself at the fault: "vices, power officials: powerlessness, thriftiness, insensitivity, sounding everything out of the blue, peredachivost", "bureaucratic spirit, clapping, I will suppress my father's will."

Vzimka 1916-1917 Kafka lives near Prazi on Alkhimistengassi, he calls his apartment "the cell of the right writer." Nestacha vugillya. As a result, one of the most illuminating admonitions of Kafka, "The Vershnik on Kazan (Vidri)" (1917), appears.

In 1917, at 34 years, Kafka was diagnosed with tuberculosis and the rest of the 7 years of his life were often spent at the sanatoriums of Central Europe. Characteristically, Kafka explains ailments with psychic reasons. From one side, vvvazha ailment "for punishment", and from the other side - to succumb to it "poryatunok vіd druzhennya". Max Brod considers the most profound causes of Kafka's ailment: "Awakening, which was rocky, diligently superficially to us transitions - the service and the transfer of the fun - I will open up my creative gift and show the weakened organism."

In 1921-1922 rr. Kafka spent an hour working on the novel "The Castle" (the cob of work - birch, 1922) is experiencing a happy romance with Milenoy Yesenska - a Czech journalist, who lived in Prague (div. "Leaves to Milen"). In the opinion of biographers, this love story knew its own clue in the novel "The Castle". Milena, a Czech Christian, tobto. the representative of the "foreign world" is called the prototype of Friedi, and the її man Ernst Polak, who has the greatest power over Milena, is the prototype of Klamm. According to Kafka, the main character of Milenya was "fearlessness". Milena Yesenska died just before the hour of war, at the fascist concentration camp.

In 1923 p. Kafka got to know Dora Dimant, who looked like one of these fellow Hasidim. Z 1923 Kafka at once lives on the Road near Berlin. Vin feels happy, that yoga physical camp will become unsatisfactory. In the spring of 1924 Vіrushaє to the sanatorium pіd Vіdnіm і there 3 chervnya 1924 p. Burial on the Jewish flower near Praz.

kafka creativity prose classic

Literature

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One of the prominent German writers of the XX century, most of the work of which was published posthumously.

German culture was the closest to you: in 1789-1793. learning from the German post school, do everything by writing in German mine, wanting to miraculously Volodya in Czech. Having studied Franz in the gymnasium, he graduated in 1901, and also at the Faculty of Law of the Prague Charles University, having become a doctor of law behind the bags.

In the university of yoga, it’s a good idea to enter the father, unhinged by the bright shinness of the son to literature. Having poured in a despotic dad, who always ignored the will of Franz, it is important to reevaluate that life of Kafka on the psyche. Vіn broke early with his fathers, often moving from one apartment to another and demanding financially; everything that was with daddy, sіm'єyu, strangled Yogo, zmushuvalo feel sorry.

In 1908, Kafka's father, having entered the service of an official with the insurance company, worked on modest estates until his early retirement - through ailments - in 1922.

The work for a writer was busy for other rows of people and was heavy: for students, those sheets of wine literally admit to hating their boss, comrades in the service, and clients. On the first plan, there will always be literature, which “really says everything is based on it”.

In 1917, after the legenevous hemorrhage, a long-term tuberculosis arose, for which the writer died 3 worms 1924 roku at the sanatorium near Vidny.

FRANZ KAFKA

You know that you have become a great writer, if, in the wake of your calling, you begin to establish epithets. Would we be able to use the word “kafkaansky” at once, yakbi is not Kafka? Schopravda, himself a brilliant synergist of a haberdasher from Prague, better for everything, without guessing about it. Vіn died, without knowing it, just like a yogo romance that induces fright, and rozpovіdі inhaled the spirit of the era, suspіlstvo and well known to everyone, I feel a sense of familiarity and vіdchayu.

The despotic father of Kafka, having robbed richly, to become virulent in the blue, he belittled yoga from the childishness of the wines, calling him a weakling and repeatedly pushing, that it is not a good idea to decline yoga business - the supply of fashionable clubs. Tim spent an hour trying little Franz to try everything to appease the father. Vіn doing well at school, cultivating the traditions of Judaism and otrimu juridical enlightenment, but from the early fates of the only sincere for the new bule reading and tvіr opіdan - busy, like Hermann Kafka vvazhavv those worthless and worthless.

Kafka's lawyer's career did not work out, and he tried his hand at the insurance company. Vin having sorted out the call to the insurance organization, which was engaged in unfortunate outbursts in the field, the promotion was too great, and the minds of the robots were tight. Most of the working hour was spent painting the sights, squashing and rocking fingers to confirm that the next unit was in harmony. Axis Kafka, writing to his friend and brother by the pen of Max Brod: “You just don’t show yourself, how busy I am... People fall from the wakefulness of the forest and spend at the working mechanisms, don’t get all the stench drunk; all the floorings break through, all the fences collapse, all go down; everything that can rise - falls, and everything that can sink - pulls someone in the air. And all the girls from the glassware factories, like always falling down from the gatherings, carrying a bunch of porcelain in their hands... My head is already spinning.”

The special life did not bring Kaftz any time, and it did not turn out to be a nightmare. Vіn regularly saw one simple brothel, then another, and enjoyed one-time sex with barmaids, waitresses, and saleswomen - so, obviously, you can call it nasolod. Kafka disliked sex and suffered from the so-called “Madonna-harlot complex”. At the skin of the zustrіchnіy zhіntsі vіn bachiv either holy, or else I don’t want to mother with them anything sleepy, krіm suto bodily vtіh. The idea of ​​a “normal” family life instilled in you an ogida. "Soitіє - tse punishment for the joy of buti at once," - writing to his friend.

Regardless of the problems and innocence in his own life, Kafka still managed to start a sprat of trivaly novels (want to get stuck in a secret place, chi were transferred from one of these women to the inter-Platonic ones). In 1912, having come to visit Max Brod to Berlin, Kafka got to know Felicia Bauer. Vіn pіdkoriv її dovgih sheets, in kaki znavavsya in their physical incompatibilities - on the woman tse zavzhd dіє znezoruvalno. Felicia inspired Kafka on the creation of such great works, like “At the Prison Colony” and “Reformation”, and she, perhaps, was often guilty of becoming guilty of becoming the best friend Greta Flea, like a rich rock, voicing Kafka buv daddy її ditini. (Before citing this fact, dossiers are given.) The novel with Felicia ended in late 1914 with an ugly scene in an insurance company, de pratsyuva Kafka: Felicia came there and read aloud fragments of her love story with Greta.

Let's take a look at Kafka's wine listing the novel of Milena Yesenska-Pollak, the retinue of his friend Ernst Pollak. (There are only a few guesses, what kind of successes Kafka has attained for women, live in the era of the Internet.) Numbers were interrupted for Kafka's help in 1923. Later, having created Milen as the prototype of one of the characters in the novel "The Castle".

In the year 1923, already dying in the face of tuberculosis, Kafka, having got to know the widowmaker Dora Dimant, worked at the summer camp for Jewish children. Vaughn was young for the new one and looked like the same right-wing Polish Jews. Dora brightened up rest river Kafka's life, Yogo looked at it, stenched the Talmud at once and planned to emigrate to Palestine, de mriali opened a restaurant, so that Dora was a cook there, and Kafka was a head waiter. Vіn navіt having written a letter to the kibbutz, chi is not found there for a new accountant. All plans collapsed after Kafka's death in 1924.

No one was surprised that Kafka did not live to old age. Sered druzіv vіn buv vіdomiy yak konkіncheny іpochondrіk. All Kafka's life was shriveled by migraines, sleeplessness, constipation, ass, rheumatism, boils, spitting on the skin, hair loss, broken eyes, slightly deformed fingers on the nose, sensitiveness to noise, chronic, scabs and masses of others. . Vіn namagavsya resist these ailments, while working on gymnastics and naturopathic treatments, there are few natural carriers and a suvora vegetarian diet.

Yak z'yasuvalosya, Kafka is really small cause for concern. In 1917, roci vin contracted tuberculosis, possibly through those who drank unboiled milk. The rest of this year's life turned into a permanent joke of charlatans' faces and a fresh wind, as it was so necessary for our easy sickness. Before his death, he left a note on his desk, asking his friend Max Brod to burn all his robots, the cream “Viroku”, “Merchant”, “Rework”, “At the prison colony” and “Silsky doctor”. Breed was inspired to vikonate and leave his will and, navpaki, having prepared “Process”, “Castle” and “America” before publication, having noticed the place of a friend (that and his own) in the world’s history of literature.

PAN SAFETY

Nevzhe Kafka rightly blame the helmet? Recognized by Professor of Economics Peter Drucker, author of the book “A contribution to the prospective future”, published in 2002. helmet. It was unreasonable that he himself vinayshov zahisny head removed, chi just hit on yoga vikoristanni. One thing is certain: for his merits, Kafka was rewarded with a gold medal of the American Safety Engineering Fellowship, and this innovation hastened the number of casualties, and now, as if the image of a wake-up caller is manifested, a helmet is singsong on his head.

FRENCH KAFKA KILKA DEVELOPED AFTER THE NUDIST WELLNESS RESORT, ALE ZAVZHIDI VIEWED TO BE DEVELOPED UPON. ANOTHER VIDPOCHINKI CALLED YOGO "THE MAN IN SWIMMING PANTS".

JENS I FRANZ

Kafka, shattering his bony figure and weak m'yaziv, suffering, as it seems at once, for a complex of negative self-acceptance. Vin often wrote to schoolchildren that they hate their own oldness, but this topic is constantly merged in yoga creations. A long time ago, like a vogue of bodybuilding, a kind of transformation of a dead man into an athlete, Kafka was already engaged in gymnastics before the grand opening of a sports dance instructor Jens Peter Müller, a guru of physical advancement. .

Müller is clearly not the best mentor for the Czech neurotic Jew.

QIA RIGHT REQUIRED

Due to low self-esteem, Kafka gradually choked on all sorts of vague diets. Once blamed for Fletcherism - the conviction of one divak from Victorian England, who does not see any criticism, healthy food and known as the "Great Zhivatel". Fletcher leaned forward, sho, first shove the zhu, it is necessary to make exactly forty-six chewing rukhivs. “Nature is quiet, whoever rottenly chews the hedgehog!” - instilling wine, and Kafka having adopted yoga words close to the heart. As a meeting of the students, the father of the writer of the pavement worked on the postier zhuvannya, that he took the blame for the better for a better hour to get offended by the newspaper.

M'YaSO = Driving in

Kafka is a suvorim vegetarian, in a better way, having respected that, which is good for health, but in a different way, zetic mirkuvan. (When you are a kosher butcher, this is one more reason for a father to honor his son with us and the rest of the misfortune.) there are no such people, like you!" Vin was also one of the first syroidine addicts and fought for the slander of the creatures.

GOLA TRUE

For a person who so often described the charms and dark places, Kafka loved the fresh air. It was fitting for Yomu to work for a long time walking along the streets of Prague with the company of his friend Max Brod. And yet, having come to the fashionable nudist rush, and together with other lovers of being crazy about what mother gave birth to, I went to a health resort under the name “Fountain of Youth”. Prote Kafka himself is unlikely to have bared himself in public at least once. Vіn painfully soromivsya nudity like someone else's, so it's his own well. Others have nicknamed Yogo "the man in the bathing shorts." Yogo was unacceptably surprised, if at the resort a man was passing by, he got his number, or he was sent to dezabelle on the way to the sudidny port.

Tsey text is a cognizable fragment. From the book Famous Writers Zakhod. 55 portraits author Bezelyansky Yuriy Mykolayovych

Kafka on the fatherland of socialist realism In Russia, Kafka has a special share. On the back, before the advent of yoga books, there were no more indistinct bits about those who were on the way marvelous writer, according to that bik socialist realism that paints like unknown nightmares and nightmares

3 books by Franz Kafka by David Claude

Kafka and Tanks In 1965, people saw Kafka's one-volume book, and in 1968, the fate of the radyansky warriors went to Prague, to crush, trample and trample on the Kafkaeska-style Prazka spring. It's absurd. Dumb. Evil. Tanks to go to Prague, Tanks to go in truth, - daringly writing Yevgen Yevtushenko. Well, Leonid

From the book V'yaznitsa that will author Khodorkovsky Mikhailo

Kafka and the women The women wailed and lapped at once. Zustrich and splintering wines with them, giving priority to the sheets. Kafka plunged his love into an epistolary form. From one side, more sensitively, and from the other side - completely safe (safety kohannya is similar to safe

3 books 50 famous ailments author Kochemirivska Olena

Claude David Franz Kafka

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The head of the Russian national Kafka Natalia Gevorkyan, Volodar, weak and crafty, Baldheaded chepur, the enemy of practice, Inadvertently warmed with glory, Tsaryuva over us, entered. A. Pushkin. Evgen Onegin MBKh - that's what everyone calls yoga. First three letters: Mikhailo Borisovich Khodorkovsky. So

3 books by Franz Kafka author Benjamin Walter

KAFKA FRANZ (born 1883 - pom. 1924) The words of Franz Kafka can be confusing - speaking, writers grind fools, and only write "about those, about what is necessary." Prote, knowing the history of Kafka's life, yogo permanent innocence in himself and the results of his practice, understanding that

From the book Taєmne life of great writers author Schnakenberg Robert

KAFKA FRANZ (born 1883 - housed 1924) Austrian writer. Grotesque novels-parables "Process", "Castle", "America"; short stories, descriptions, parables; scammers. The writing share of Franz Kafka was formed so silently, like everything is short and tragic life. Author trooch

From Fridl's books author Makarova Olena Grigorivna

Franz Kafka Until the tenth birthday of the day of death

From books On the roads of the great war author Zakrutkin Vitaliy Oleksandrovich

Franz Kafka: How the Chinese wall was born I put before me a small rhyme, taken from the creation, marked in the name, and exclamations show two speeches: the great writer and the nameless folding of the greatness of the note. Kafka yak bi

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Max Breed: Franz Kafka Biography. Prague, 1937 The book is marked by a fundamental super-accuracy, which is between the main thesis of the author on the one hand - that special aims to Kafka from the other side. With all the rest of the singing world, the building should not be discredited first, without seeming already about

3 books by the author

Franz Kafka Dane is the greatest, head of the robot Benjamin About Kafka - in its main part it was written in grass-black 1934, then it was added to and reworked over the decades. For life, the author was not able to publish yoga again, in two rooms

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Franz Kafka: How was the Chinese wall of Benjamin's robot was written circa 1931 in red for a radio broadcast that aired out at the light of Kafka's abode (Franz Kaf a. Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer. Brod und Hans-Joachim Schoeps (Berlin, 1931) and bula read by the author

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Max Breed: Franz Kafka. Biography. Prague, 1937 Written in black in 1938. In one of the sheets to Gershom Scholem, a note on the proposition was found in the drive of Max Brod's book about Kafka, which was published in 1937 (Max Brod Franz Kaf a. Eine Biographie. Erinnerungen und Dokumente. Prag, 1937) Benjamin asked a friend to give

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FRENCH KAFKA You know that you have become a great writer, if, in your name, you begin to establish epithets. Would we be able to use the word “kafkaansky” at once, yakbi is not Kafka? Schopravda, the genius synergy of a haberdashery from Prague, better for everything, about nothing

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3. Franz Vesnyany boards are taken for autumn, but they are wet with others, and dry nowhere. It’s true, raincoats and parasols are worn, but all the same, walking under the board is hopeless. Navit themselves Weimarzians deprive their booths less at times of extreme necessity, and move them out of the settled

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Corporal Franz Front. Hutir at the Don steppe. Abandoned by the owners of the hut. Behind the window, the evil sichneva khurtovin is curling up. Plastіvtsі snіgu on bumps to shine with the glare of a fading day. Corporal Franz sit on a low stool with his head down. Vin

This is a short biography of Franz Kafka. as you know below, we have tried to select the main milestones of life and creativity of that writer.

Zagalni vіdomosti that essence of Kafka's creativity

Franz Kafka (1883-1924) was an Austrian modernist writer. Author of works: "Reconstruction" (1915), "Virok" (1913), "Silsky Likar" (1919), "Artist of Hunger" (1924), "Process" (viewed in 1925), "Castle" (viewed in 1926) . The artistic world of Kafka and his biography are inextricably linked. The main method of yoga creations was the problem of self-sufficiency, the recognition of a person, as no one needs it in his world. For whom the author has changed over the butt of his life. “I have no interest in literature,” Kafka wrote, “literature is myself.”

Realizing yourself on the sides artistic creations, Kafka knows “the pain point of humanity”, having conveyed the future catastrophes caused by totalitarian regimes. The biography of Franz Kafka is noteworthy for his creativity to avenge the signs of different styles and directly: romanticism, realism, naturalism, surrealism, avant-gardism. Life conflicts are primary in Kafka's work.

Childhood, family and friends

The biography of Franz Kafka is full of creative successes. The future writer was born in Austrian Prague from a haberdasher. The fathers did not understand the son, and the sisters did not form the sisters. “With my own family I am more of a stranger, less of a stranger,” Kafka writes in “Schodenniki”. Especially fold the boules of the yoga woman with the father, write what the writer writes in “Letters to the father” (1919). Authoritarianism, strong will, the moral pressure of the father disdained Kafka from his early childhood. I learned Kafka at school, gymnasium, and then at Prazky University. The fates of the beginning did not change the pessimistic glances of life. Between them, that one-year-old bula “glass wall”, about what his classmate Emil Utits wrote about. Having become the only friend for all life, Max Brod, university comrade born in 1902. It is Yogo Kafka himself who, before his death, recognizes his commandment as a vykonavtsy and entrusts the burning of your creations. Max Brod does not take care of his friend and slay him in the name of our world.

The problem of zі shlyubom also became for Kafka inexhaustible. Zhіnki zavzhdi prihilno were placed before Franz, and vіn mriyav create this. They were named, they were navit zaruchini, but Kafka’s hat didn’t bother.

Another problem for the writer was the Yogo robot, Yaku hated him. Since the university, having finished the degree of doctor of legal sciences, Kafka has served 13 years with insurance companies, diligently picking shoes. Love literature, but respect yourself as a writer. You write to yourself and call your occupation “the struggle for self-preservation.”

Evaluation of creativity in the biography of Franz Kafka

The heroes of Kafka's works are also defenseless, selfish, sensible, and at the same time hopeless, lower doomed to death. So, in the short story "Virok" it is told about the problems of a young businessman from his great father. The artistic world of Kafka is foldable, tragic, symbolic. The heroes of these works cannot know how to get out of life situations in a nightmarish, absurd, bitter world. Kafka's style can be called ascetic – without any artistic merits and emotional awakenings. The French philologist G. Barth characterized this style as “zero degree of the sheet”.

The language of creation, according to the words of M. Brod, is simple, cold, dark, but deep in the middle the half-light never ceases to burn. Kafka’s original symbol of life and creativity can be his story “Perevtilennya”, which has a clear idea about the powerlessness of the “little man” in front of life, about її prirechenіstyu for self-reliance and death.

If you are already familiar with the biography of Franz Kafka, you can rate this writer on the top side. Until then, let's look at the biographies of Franz Kafka, we invite you to share Biographies to read about other popular and famous writers.

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Franz Kafka was born on July 3, 1883, becoming the first child in this successful merchant Herman Kafka. Vіn, father, becoming the most terrible punishment, like the childishness of a writer, and yogo life. From the childhood of Kafka, he recognized that the father's hand is so strong. Like a night, like a small one, Franz asked the father for some water, after which he got angry, locking the poor boy on the balcony. Vzagali, Herman completely controlled the squad of those children (there were three more girls), mocking her morally squeezing at the household.

Through the constant pressure, Franz sooner began to feel good worthlessness and feel guilty before the father. Vіn namagavsya to know the way to shovatsya in the evil reality, and know yoga - no wonder, in books.

Under the hour of learning at the classical gymnasium, Kafka takes up the writing activity, and the rest of the rocks are constantly creating new creations. At a group of liberal Jewish students at Prague University, de Franz, having learned jurisprudence, got to know Max Brod. This energetic, strong young man will easily become the best friend of the young writer, and later on he will play the most important role of transferring Kafka's creativity to the public. Until then, Max Franz himself will live on, let the work of a lawyer take care of that wild spirit of inspiration. Brad is not a little embarrassed by the young writer to start publishing.

Batkivsky pressure did not succumb to the fact that Franz became full-fledged. Vіn postіyno dorіkav synovі in the fact that that arc earns little. As a result, the writer is forced to work ... in an asbestos factory. While sapping his energy for an hour, Kafka begins to seriously contemplate self-destruction. Fortunately, the vistas of the Lviv nomadic theater are inspired by similar thoughts.

The Batkiv fence on the intimate wall with the women's flooring strongly stuck into the psyche of Franz, who, already standing on the edge of a friendly life, backed up. So it happened to the two - first with Felicia Bauer, and suddenly - with Yuliya Vokhritsek.

In the rest of his life, Kafka made his best friend Dora Diamant. For the sake of her wines, one might say, you have found married men, having lost your fathers from Praz, and destroying life with her to Berlin. For a short hour, when you were out of steam, the stench could not live happily: attack more often, progressing tuberculosis. Franz Kafka died on the 3rd of Chernivtsi, 1924 - after that, like this day, there was nothing to eat and he left his voice alone ...

Franz Kafka, bibliography

mustache Franz Kafka's books:

Noveli
1905
"Description of one struggle"
1907
"Spring cooking in the countryside"
1909
"Rozmova with Timi, who to pray"
1909
"Rozmova with p'yanim"
1909
"Airplanes near Brescia"
1909
"Women's Prayer Book"
1911
Co-authored with Max Brod: "The first long trip by the bay"
1911
Co-authored with Max Brod: "Richard and Samuel: little more expensive than Central Europe"
1912
"Great Noise"
1914
"Before the Law"
1915
"Shkіlny teacher"
1915
"Blumfeld, the old bachelor"
1917
"Keeper of the Crypt"
1917
"Mislivets Gracchus"
1917
"Yak budavavsya chinese moore"
1918
"Vivivstvo"
1921
"Riding the wind"
1922
"At our synagogue"
1922
"Fireman"
1922
"On the mountain"
1922
"Following one dog"
1924
"Nora"
1931
"Vin. Recordings of 1920 rock"
1931
“Before the “Vin” series”
1915
Collection "Kari"
1912
Virok
1912
"Reincarnation"
1914
"At the penitentiary colony"
1913
Collection "Spy"
1913
"Children on the Road"
1913
"Vikritiy passisvit"
1913
"Raptova walk"
1913
"Resolution"
1913
"Walk at the Mountain"
1913
"Bachelor's Woe"
1908
"Merchant"
1908
"Rossiyano marveling at the window"
1908
"Road home"
1908
"Run through"
1908
"Passenger"
1908
"Platya"
1908
"Vidmova"
1913
"To the Nazis Before Thoughts"
1913
"Vikno to the street"
1913
"Bazhanya become an Indian"
1908
"Trees"
1913
"Tuga"
1919
Collection "Silsky likar"
1917
"The New Lawyer"
1917
"Silsky likar"
1917
"On the gallery"
1917
"Old Record"
1914
"Before the Law"
1917
"Jackali and Arabi"
1917
"Vidvіduvannya digging"
1917
"Susidne village"
1917
"Imperial message"
1917
"Turbo of the head of the family"
1917
"Eleven Blues"
1919
"Brotherhood"
1914
"Dream"
1917
"Sound for the Academy"
1924
Collection "Holodar"
1921
"First grief"
1923
"Little Woman"
1922
"Holodar"
1924
"Spivachka Josephine, or the bear people"
Mala prose
1917
"Mist"
1917
"Knock at the Gate"
1917
"Susid"
1917
"Hybrid"
1917
"Zvernennya"
1917
"New lamps"
1917
"Rail Passengers"
1917
"Zvichayna istoriya"
1917
"The Truth About Sancho Panza"
1917
"The siren's cry"
1917
"Spіvdruzhnіst negіdnikіv"
1918
"Prometheus"
1920
"Turn home"
1920
"Misky coat of arms"
1920
"Poseidon"
1920
"Spivdruzhnist"
1920
"At night"
1920
"Vidkhilene klopotannya"
1920
"Before the food about law"
1920
"Recruiting"
1920
"Ispit"
1920
"Kite"
1920
"Rulovy"
1920
"Dziga"
1920
"Basenka"
1922
"Vid'izd"
1922
"Zakhisniki"
1922
"Friends Friends"
1922
"Commentary (don't be fooled!)"
1922
"About parables"
Romani
1916
America
1918
"Process"

 
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