Traditions that sound to the people of the Yakuts. Traditions and sounds of the Yakuts
Calling the people of Sakha. - Yakutsk: NDPK Sakhapoligrafizdat, 1996. - 48 p.
ISBN 5-85259-110-6
© Mykolaiv S.I. - Somogotto, 1996
Issued before recruitment 03/19/96. Signed to each other on 22.04.96. Format 70x108/z2 - Druk high.
Literary typeface. Mind. p. l. 2.1. Uch.-view. l. 2.13. Circulation 3000 approx. Zach. No. 33.
NDVK "Sakhapoligrafvidav" 677000 m. Yakutsk, st. Kirova, 9
(File name: Custom_of_Sakha)
© Somogotto S.I.
© Safonova V.M.
Speak to the people of Sakha (Yakutiv)
Sounds of ecology
Myslivsky zvichaї
Zvichaї z repair share that happiness
Call names
Modern sounds
Different sounds
Sounds of ecology
Through the road of publications, it is not possible to write, but to give one of their schemes. Below I will bring only schematic changes of sounds. The details of that clouding can happen to the readers themselves. The old-timers were very afraid of the soil becoming entangled in the summer. Yogo was called "eteh abaahyta" - "the devil of the old zabrudnenny sadib and camps". Chim thin soil, less people and thinness is not enough to swell with such soil. On the new one, life was harrowed, entrusted to two and more to the family. Navit vymushene dyukkashestvo (dwelling house of two families) jumped between them. They fenced in the air Tee without consumption. When you came to these days after three days of work in the usual months, it was necessary to put in the middle of these I a stone from a cracked dirkoy and with blessings to infuriate the fire. Those who did not vikonav the rite, became victims I- Etekh abaahyta. Upon arrival from afar, in old age, they did not recommend calling, more vin yogo obov'yazkovo "z'idav". Quiet, who, having come from afar to die in the old age of the rocks, they vowed that they were “attracted to themselves by the native grave land” (“buora tardibut”). New budinok was fenced off to be in the city not only I, ale be some kind of znesennogo that burnt hut.
Tsya fence was widened and on a sadibi telge, hoton was thin. Skin sіm'ya small chotiri seasonal sadibi "surt": autumn surt, spring surt just. "Surt" in the form of the ugro-modern "yurt", in the form of the new one "yurt" (Yurt). In Yakutia, there was little Ugrian-Samodial name “mo” (holomo vіd kalamo - a fisherman's house, khaltaama - a bloody house). The word "mo" replaced the Tunguska "Dіu" or "Dіє". The Turks have "dim" - "uy". Suvoro fought to concentrate thinness, horses and deer in one place. For the rose-middle of them, there was a peculiar similarity to deer, livestock and humanness. You will understand why the old Yakutia is not small for a settlement. You also understand why a long time ago they grew in similar ecological cleanliness, today they have been buried in settlements, that the city of that village is being copied. There, the waist soil is self-cleaning, and the soil of Yakutia accumulates less fermentation. Add some silgosphimiya and so on. Axis and name the old "dikuniv". The ancients respected their nature to hang on their hair (“kіl sa5attan ingnen”). Zvіdsi - with a finger it was hindered by the voruchnuts at the direct change of the natural: yoga zvnіshnostі. Axis to which there were no releases before the Russians; lakes, cleansing the forest, draining the pain of the state's ugly. Stars and innumeracy of domesticated creatures and may be common in a rich way. They lived on the stench of reindeer cattle, to be fed and fished, on deer and cured cows and kobils for milk for children. The complex of that rozformuvavsya chastkovo pislya rosіyan. There is little space for the accumulation of domesticated creatures. To speak to that, sound "cue". If the number of domesticated horses reached the fenced line, the torpedo: they taunted the singing of the number of domesticated to wild shoals on the grass of the upper rivers. Details of that paleolithic diring call are not necessary for today's practice. I do not know them the need to revantazhuvat tsey short dovіdnik. Finding fish and wild game was punished mercilessly. Grati was harrowed for children from the carcasses of game and ribi. During vipadkovy slaughter and hunting of unnatural fish and wild game, they zvicha zmushuvali їs їsti zdobuvacha. Otherwise, vin mav spend under the curse of the victims. A similar curse was called buu. "Seren buuluo5a!" (“Careful, curse!”) - ahead of the skin. The “buu” of the wicked were especially unsafe: all clods, plazunov, parts of ribs, all birds (with a hint of hogs and waterfowl), dogs, wild cat foxes, wolfs. Especially unsafe; shamanic iklasti (“aringastaakh”), pazuri (“tingirakhtaakh”) and vishchi (“tillaakh”, “sangalaakh”, “toyuktaakh”) were respected: daddy birds goldeneye, loons, zozulya, larks, mistsevy nightingales. Sob vipadkovo vbity "vіshchun" not zavdav shkodi, at yogo dziob chi pasture was put a piece of yogo wet meat and the body of yogo was buried on arangas, on the boles and rosewoods of trees. They appreciated that it was the responsibility of these monks to “call” the dead themselves, the bachachis in their dziob and pasture the shreds of meat, talking, “sneaking myself”. Practically, the fence on the “istіvnih” was the oldest view of the “Chervonoi Kniga”.
Nadіynishe її it’s important to know. The skin elements, the manifestation, mysticism, natural rarity were endowed with their spirit-ruler - their ecological protector. For example, Sung Dyaahin (“Sung” - sound-sounding, “Dyaahin” - in the form of “diaahy” - posihati) - a thunderer with a fiery batog. Vin vvazhavsya heavenly myslivets for earthly wandering devils. Under the tree, smashed with a gleam, a bulo shukati was accepted: a stone of happiness “Dil taha”, de “Dil” in Tunguska “stone”. Such a viyavlyali, like a pid like a vipadkovo tree there was a parking lot of ancient stone snareds. Viyavlene kam'yane znaryaddy served as an amulet of happiness and a talisman against ailments and tempers. Only at the dawn of the ranks came to the jokes of the “stone of happiness” just after the storm. They went up to the broken tree, stealthily, as if to the beast. Digging began with prayerful quiet mutterings. At the time, the experts of the shukany waved a radio viguk: “ala-ki” or “alias” from the Tunguska “alak!” - "Hurrah!". Before the speech, the viguks "Uruy" and "Aikhal" were only spoken in Uruu (vesilli) and Ysyakhe. "Urui" in "uruu" - "adult" and means "give offspring and incubation of thinness." "Aikhal" in the Tunguska language has a similar meaning. Viguk "kiirik" zastosovuvavsya when podbadyoryuvannі pomozhtsya that when peremozі sports zmagannyah. Win replacing "Hurrah!" the one in the military situation. They picked up the stone of happiness, less than making fire on the bagatti and the sprinkles on the hedgehog. Respectfully: the “Kinnykh olonkho” still have those old-fashioned military-sporting viguks and the viguks of the Tungus-Khamnigan epics, which delivered to the Yakuts the understanding of “uluger” (an epithet podiya, scandal) and the word “gahai” - “relative of the relative of the mother” (khahaydaan) . Come out, "kinn" olonkho young for the Tunguska nіmngakani in Yakutia. The spirit-ruler gir is described as mavpa, and the word "mavpa" in the dictionaries is translated as "haya ichchite", or "spirit-lord gir". Often the understanding of Chuchunaa (“The Snow Man”) is stunned by the spirit-ruler of the gir. The “nashchadkiv stepoviki” understand “meadow” - “sihyi” similar to the Tungus “sigії” - “fox”. From the manifestations of the spirit-ruler, the taiga took away their fertile versatility and versatility quietly, which made the people of the Sakha prosperous. At the Vilyuy valley, a natural bear was venerated as the spirit-ruler of the taiga, which figured like Yehekeen (literally “Didus”). About the new one will be posted below. At the top, the Vilyui tributary and on the outskirts of Yakutia, Singken (hingken) or Sebek (hebek) was venerated by the spirit-ruler of the forest. They were respected by the Tungus. Really - tse Samoyedic perfumes, but in entsiv and nganasan mali places similar to Sibichi and Sibuchi - a statement about the self-speakness of the Tungus-Movno Yakutia. Tim, for an hour, statements about those Sіb, in particular Sіbіen, are heard, as if about a divakuvaty, empty, but a good spirit. Myslivtsy turned into special portable Singken-Sebek - all anomalies: a string of stringed squirrels, a stalk of a talin, which made a ring or a vuzol near its natural growth thin. (muyeelle) too thin. n. Part of the Evens themselves called Singken Ydyik. The axis of the star is the Yakut understanding of "Itik". Here, the understanding about the spirit-ruler, the fox is angry with the understanding about the god of watering. The inhabitants of trimavs have their own special gods in the honorable hut. I took them with me to a special bear for work. If you are successful in the craft, with the words of the cheer, you “won” yoga with your trophy. The year was vibrated with a path of rubbing fat on the nasal part of the amulet, I wrap it over smoke fat, which is poured on hot water, and blood is seen.
Heating fat and shelter in similar places were sprinkled on a hot vugіllya that half-day. It worked so hard not to put out the fire, let's just add blood and fat. Zvіdsi and coils of sprinkling, tobto yhyakh. Blood and fat accumulated long ago for dairy have become objects of sacrificial sprinkling, so that domesticated creatures. In times of failure in the profession, the “anniversary” of the god, with a thin waist, slapped his god, saying: “You filthy helper: we came with empty hands.” Near Central Yakutia and at the Pivnichny Zakhod, the spirit-ruler of the taiga, and the God of Poluvanny, respect Bayan abo Barilakh. Here I am again the ugro-selfish Payanay and Barulak. (“bar” - great, “-l” - inflection, “-ak” - pasta, i.e. “great mouth”, and their idals were fought by great mouths.). With the spirit and ruler of the taiga, that watering was respected sometimes even if it was old, the tree would be born (and especially the “kuduk” tree. Like the long-lived tree, it was worthy of honor. пального Згоряння подібної святині вважалося провісником великої біди в даній окрузі.Нижні його гілки завжди були обвішані дарунками у вигляді іграшкових моделей предметів домашнього побуту.Від цих загальносибірських прикрас священного дерева і беруть свої початки і саламу на ісахахе, і гірлянди на європейських ялинках. ніби перші the yalinkas came out of the Swedish court, which put the embellishment of the tree into the ugro-finniv. And we took our own well back only at the sight of the Sunset. -kuduk", "aal-k utuk" and "aal-luuk") - the tree is even more wondrous. about the fact that it’s like a magnet, it attracts to itself whether the life of the district is unknown to you. For a long time, the buds are vetoed, the needles are sown to a shine, and the bark is torn up with wood-climbing and claw marks of the clichon. A similar sight is seen in the midst of the bushes, but only on them are overgrown with vkazivn between the waters of nastiness and sechovin. “Kudukivs” don’t have splendid powers. Myslivtsі already chanuyut "kuduk" and do not come up to a new one, so that with their smell they don’t smell yogo vіdvіvachiv. Radkіsne vipadkové onslaught in the dark and in disgrace was considered a sign of future failure. Vtіm, old Mislivtsі, not bachachi, they feel the approach to the "kudukiv" and do not know themselves what kind of rank. Say: "cheat". Evidently, they themselves look after all the life of the taiga. Zvіdsi th respect to the new paganism.
Myslivsky zvichaї
Vishchevikladen chapter is called "environmental" mentally - to stun the burning environmental problems. But really, ecology permeates the greater importance of the state's representatives of Yakutia of the past. Sound "chalbarang" or "hebeerin" є mіstsevym more old simplistic variant of the zagalnopіvnіchny "wedge saint", like zustrichalos from the Pacific Amur to Yamal. Vіn, maybe, it is connected with the uninterrupted presence of the inseparable trio of Nanai-Khan-Manchzhi and Nenei-Khanti-Mansi (Manchi) on my mind. The presence of the trio in Yakutia is clearly disguised by their fragmentation in other warehouses: Nanagiri-Mayaati, ugro-self-modifying Odu, Maya, Maimaga, Kup, Dyap (Dyabil), Chap and so on. This animal is all assigned to the trinity of ethnos in vvazha kinsman of the woman, as a nibito zamіzh for klishonogy. From these legends and all intelligence, we live and drive in a witch.
They told about the bear as if people were talking about god and fishing. Behind these rhymes, as if he sang, he knew everything about what to think and seem to think about. They sang boules about those, like a witch, a caravan of bugs with him and praise, that they boasted that they would get a clichon. They told a lot about the kindness and wisdom of the ruler of the taiga. Look, no one has bothered to think badly about a bear in the past. Mustaches were humbled like huskies, navit like, if the witch bullied people and thinness. “Didus sued” (Smelelete) - they said wounded by the witch. Tim is no less, on a kshtalt polyuvannya on levіv, zdobuty vedmeda dоrіvnyuvaval folded іspitu on vіdvagu. On the vіdmіnu vіd tungusіv, vіdmіnu vіd tungusіv, polyuvannya vіdmeda yakutіv іѕ wіth аn kind of special sport. Not everyone was allowed to go to the new one - to inspire among the professional thinkers. The sportsman "esehit" (dobuvach vedmedya) selected his own students from the s-pomіzh promislovtsіv not only physically hardened, but also from sufficient nervous hardening and cold-bloodedness. When the least symptoms of panicking and fearfulness were revealed, they were rejected and forced to become strong. Highly valued were the quickness of the reactions, the sparseness and the guiltiness. Yakut esehіt buv sports only cholovіchim. And among the Tungus and the women did not take part in the group raid, but often successfully entered into single combat with the klishonog. The second recognition of the Yakut esehit in the Tunguska became more important in Barloz. And the Tungus did yoga and the barlog pose. Under the hour of the witch's mischief, all the participants more and more switched to a special slang language - "charistal til" - the language of amulets. Vіn replacing with smart words chi is not a skin word of a great move. For example, “Il ere, nyikaa Khara, kirgille, kitaanakhta khachiy, kitararda tart” (literally: “Lower Chorniy, take a woodpecker, knock hard, charge a chervone”). Tsya phrase meant: "Young man, take the juice, chop the wood, cut the bagattya." You can read fragments from this dictionary at the book by S. Nikolaev “Eveni and Evenki of Pivdenno-Skhidnoi Yakutia”. The one who, having revealed the barlig, recalls in passing, for example, a significant conversation: “Umuha5y chongttum” (having pumped the hole) or “Ongkholu ukteetim” - “The leg was squandered into uneasiness.” Feeling that phrase, esehit try to look at the replica, skipping the call. Coming day ishov on the notification of the participants of the raid. Under the circumstances, there were no direct reports about the round-up. Zovni looked like this, nibi promislovets zaishov just at the guest. To know about the future roundup of wines, giving a quick look and smart, unremarkable gestures. The secrecy of the bula was brought to the point that no one, the addressee, did not know about the raid that they were getting ready. Find out about the rest of the third parties only later. On the day of the coming day, all the participants went in at once until the gang settled. Likewise, the stinks, in single file after the vatagka, went up to the barlog, carrying on their shoulders the preparations filed from the barlogs, the pole zatichki. Pіdіyshovshi, kerіvnik hastened to put all the zatički that are served in the baton into the neck of the barlog. Tilki, zakripivshi zatichki, came to wake up the sleeping bear. Until the re-awakening, it was fenced in, it was roaring die. They woke up out of belief that other vedmedi did not attack them at the sleeping camp. And it’s true, in the attack of the Vedmediev on people at the sleepy camp it was very rare. At the bear, which had thrown over, they began to shoot at the devil. Here esehіt in practice having taught his students.
Prote for safety, the hunters of the big mali accumulated from the finds. Before the incendiary towels, the bear in the barloz was driven in with blows of spears, which was hard through the dodging and self-defense of the victim. For the unloving, the sacrifice was worth the price of impersonal broken spears. Often the victim went into the barlog. Todi allowed on the new sightings of the dogs-veterinarians, who mooed on the leash. Trimati dogs on leashes mali uchni. It was not easy, for the foreigners at those moments were angry for the klishonogo himself. Folding became those who on our vedmezhatniks had a lot of things lacking the same little thing of a hank. In dogs that were torn, the skewers were cut with knife blows, sokiri or palm trees. The dog, who pishov with a bridle of a bridle, having stowed himself through a bridle, a smart hut without wasting his time to hurry up with this short-lived vedmezhatnik. Viskakuvannya taxed with barlogs seldom did without injuries. Here the cold-bloodedness, quickness of reaction, guiltiness of children became ryativnym. Sometimes the vlasniki became unsafe one for one. It was so trampled that they hit with a palm tree, with a copy, with a juicy that they shot dead with their comrades. The most important breeder dogs were playing here. Quite often the stinks vibrated the wounded paws of a wounded, wounded bear. Call for a round-up, they took no less than two vedmezhatniks. There are more of them, there are more of them. The informed guardsmen perished only through the mud of the snow and the innumeracy of the enemy. They respected that in this right there are no equal Yakut layts, zdatnoi to enter into single combat with a cliché-footed vіch-on-vіch against the wounded ruler. Go down to the barlіg for the beaten goiter, the youngest goiter for a century is quiet, that they took their fate on the hunt. That’s right, the most recent sound of goodness and cold-bloodedness. All the hunters must pass through the new one. The descent at the barlig for the beaten zvіrom bv spravzhnіm viprobuvannyam. I had to go down without going down, tied around my chest with an insurance motuz. If you need it, if you want to stand in a barlog posture, you are to blame for that skewer. Zasіb tse buv not nadіnyh. If it is necessary to exterminate the flow of the animal, then it will come to life raptov, or if a dead animal appears because of the carcass, kill an older and unmarked animal. Before that, the eyes of a living and dead animal shone at the dark barlogs. Terrible for a novice buv and the very way of drawing the carcass of a beast. It was necessary to open the pasture and to sip a stick behind the needles. Having squeezed the pasture with a tієyu wand, on the muzzle of the beast they dressed the sashmork of the sack that was lowered to the beast. Zashmorg, thrown by the stick, squeezing the pasture, and the ykla did not let the loops close, if the carcass was dragged uphill by the hank. The tightness and smorid barlogs were on the nerves of the novice with stingy strength. And if you get to the whole animal and live animal, then the others had to be pulled out of the barlogs in an inconspicuous camp and often already wounded. Prote that school of masculinity was not inspired by the first trial. After the winding of the carcass on the mountain, it is guilty of trying to pass the whole stinking litter of the beast up the mountain and cleanly lift the barlig. Vityagnuty kopup pіdstilok z gіlok so subdued, that in their wake the barloga was not left behind. Such a buv indestructible sound. Often the same barlig was known throughout the year to be likened to another animal. At the first piercing with a knife, the shkiri used to say: "Carefully, dida (woman), host bitches: don't prick!". Tі, scho know the skin, small prace with knives, standing only from one side of the carcass. Pratsyuvati, perebuvayuchi on the sides of the carcass, harrowed, so that other vedmedi in the offensive little things did not beat both with their hands on the thought.
Vedmediev were respected by left-handed people, and in case of little things they were especially wary of the blow of their left paws. When maneuvering between stovburs, right-handed tricks were used. After taking the shkir, they took the fat ball of the carcass in the same rank. Then came a slit of guts and freshness without breaking the brushes. Chalbarang or sebeerin, tobto benket vedmezhatinoy buv spravzhnim benket in sensi otrimannya radkisnogo satiation vіd їzhі. Today's juveniles don't know what real hunger is like when people swell and die. It’s also an unknown chronic lack of information, if you dream about insults and evenings for a dream, and maybe I’ll get to my dream and I’ll get to it again, invariably months and fates. They were not calmed by alcohol or drugs. To the right of the hungry, the cry of the gods make hunger, do not bazhan. Pre-revolutionary and pre-kolgospna Yakutia was the edge of a chronic shortage. Grain cultivation in the main masses of the Yakutians was after Richard Maak, that is, until the middle of the 19th century. R.K. Maak with statistics in his hands calls the Yakuts trees and riboids. In short, the main one is the village bark (sapwood) and the lake minnow (mundu). Qiu riba mi was undeservedly thrown on the smitnik. Adzhe, minnow on horn and minnow crackers in fish fat (olorbo - rib salamat) did not compromise the delicacy of sprats and kilts in oil. In front of foreigners we write, as if with our own kitchen, someone else's zatiruha (salamaat) and smeared with dough (pancakes), that is not universally acceptable: offal. To pronounce foreign giblets - however, they are frequented by an African shed and pivden-like snakes and a dog. And we don’t mention our own cicadas, such as olorbo, mundu on horns, yukola, smoked meats and dried meat. I’ll first be forgotten, and then we’ll be tied up by mystic cooks in the 60s of the XX century. in Somogotto, the flavors of the country are called folk cuisine. I didn’t understand what is prestigious there for strangers and their own. All the same, without the author of attraction, do not start to bring yourself to the right national condition. In the houses of Akiv and Maakiv trees and munduids, all lives in Diring-Yuryakh chronically rejected fats - the head infection of the body in record frosts. In the case of low-milk cured cows, there was no shortage of olives. In case of chronic undernutrition, meat is also killed without giving sufficient fat. As a result, arії-sia (butter and lard) were the rare and all-encompassing salmons of the Yakut people. The richness of all benketivs was won over by the number of those put on the table of olives and lard. “They have olії ta lard on their vesіllі bulo”, “At the Buttika Mar'ї stilk chabichahіv olії”, “Do not rubati lard” (“Sia kirbiir buolbatah”), “Hi, burn lard” (“sianan a5aabat”), - They spoke together. Read the work of R.K. Maak "Viluisky district" (St. Petersburg, 1886). That policy, as it seems, without bending and laying out the right truth. So don’t believe whether it’s “scientific” or “historical” tales about an ancient paradise among the Yakuts. The edge of that "paradise" I especially tested on myself. In the light of the foreseeable mind, why the bear chalbarang Tee from the Amur to Yamal was called "the witch saints." Like rich weights and sisyakhs, chalbarangs, they were the only opportunity to reach my destination and enjoy the highest fat to the vіdval. I do not need any kind of wine and kumis. Chalbarang without asking for a request. Quiet, who lingered in the available air, it was not rich, and leather, who, having pampered, had the right to come without asking. Sound like an old-time nimaat, having respected a well-groomed bear with no special power of health. The rest and the skin of the goiter should be presented to the oldest and most beautiful person. For bazhannya in the rest, the right to a harn skin was more important, as a result of getting no friendship. The ball began with a one-hour anniversary of the fire that yessekeyen. Vimov's be-what kind of algisiv was fenced in here.
The fire and Yessekeina yearned the little ones and clearly. YesekeyenAlso they called the head of the bear himself, put it on a special stіl, put it on an honorable cloak of life. Behind the table there was a single bottom, embellished with transverse lines to the villages of the vugills. At the time of "godіvlі" nіs і the mouth of the head of the animal was rubbed with cow's butter, and the blood of the bear's fat was splashed near the fire. In front of him, everyone shouted "hoo!" in unison. The first piece of bacon and meat is leather, straightened at the mouth with a viguk “huuh!”, and shouts of “huuh!” they escorted each other with a wave of their hands like krills. Tse meant that it was not people who caressed the bear, but the fox crows. After a meal, the skin, who went there, was given a piece of the housekeeper at the look of the hotels at home. So, in the carcass, nothing was left for the connoisseurs themselves. That is right, the unbreakable law of old. Navіt dumkakh zdobuvach vіdsutnostі prіkatі prіkati, afraid of the future failure in industry. A similar nimat under the name "cockroach" (like "tar5at" - "distribution"), expanding and with the sight of cows and horses on the meat, a sign of recent watering and on these creatures, like on a bear. The order about that distribution of meat for zvichaєm "cockroach", A.P. Okladnikov at the 1st volume of "History of the YASSR" translated like millet (taraan buolan tarkammit). In fact, the order was less likely to turn into a ruinous character, I call “cockroach”. A.P. Okladnikov, who did not give away a little, not without too much meat of the hairy, slaughtered thinness, the stars were made to understand about the ruinousness for the Yakut of that kind of nimaatI. Buv povchalny sound from musk deer (buucheen). Tse small, zavbіlshki z bunny, beautiful creature ice is not entirely blamed through the healing "musk deer strum". In the sense of meatiness, one carcass of a musk deer does not incite the rich of the hungry. If such a little girl was taken to the van, the appointments for the elk, they played a whole serious scene. Having brought її to urasu, the urasi gave clever signals to the sacks, that the biggest fat elk (“lekey”) would stop at the vapadki, so that they went to the door, they didn’t enter, but knocked. To the question: "Who is there?" they said: "Priyshov Bayanay, only the doors are small - do not fit in." The Lord's children, with a joyful laugh, rushed to the fire with the words: "What a bayanai!" The older son took to demonstrating the imitation of the squeezing of a part of the door and the temptation of the selection of the part of the entrance for pulling into the life of an oversized vidobutka. Then the mustaches present staged the impossibility of lifting the great carcass, which "do not fit" at the door; “So-and-so,” pulling in the “great” vidobotok, dancing - “hook-hook,” they chanted: “You are kindly asked to us, generous Bayanay.” The rite ended with the year of the wet industrial deity of watering. Tsey zvchay prichay however for the sake of great and small gifts. It was important that the god of goodwill welcomed those who were indulgent, being angry at the dissatisfied and the poor. From myslivskys, I’ll bring one more Yaskra, sound - sound like a Siberian Crane. The Siberian Crane was respected by a bird and happily, and unhappily. It is customary to respect, to sing and feel, not to slander the beloved dance of the Siberian Crane, maybe only a lucky one. Inadvertently, the Siberian Cranes, inadvertently, burst into a shlyubny dance, took a part of the happiness of guilt. The sighting of the Siberian Cranes was allowed only at the end of the day and after the residual breeding of poultry. To drive in a Siberian Crane for an hour of a love dance was considered an irreparable sin.
He got ahead of his homework with a knock on the door, but out of the window. Here it was hindered to show a lot of joy. Movchki inciting, fire, the gentleman through the windows passed the cloth to the christka for the woman. Nekvapom, having dressed that robe, he passed the Siberian Crane through the court to the master with the words: “The bride has arrived. Have a guest!" The hostess, having planted the “bride” at the honored table, began to cook and go round, why do I live, the bride. The rite of stupor and dovgy, but no one dared to hurry yoga. Only a day later, if "the bride is hanging out," the sterkh ishov is like a great game. Sterkh vvazhavsya a living deity is quiet, who was born from the gods of Song and performed "Iria terdutten". For those who are silent, I’ve lost myself like a tabooed bird with a great number of smarts and rituals. You can only describe it in a looking independent book. Vzagali, buti narodzhenim vіd іria terde was respected by misfortunes, more fortunately such few things add up to success in creativity, accompanied by suicidal failures in a special life. “Win chi won - z iria terdntten” - they said about such іz total svіchutty.
Zvichaї z repair share that happiness
Today, the greater the illumination, the saplings have become stronger. Possibly, without a problem, and we come to what is described below, I call the old Yakut thief the fathers of my children at home. The shamans unwrittenly ascribed to the devils the deadly death of the shamans to the high cold and ecological child. Shchob oshukat the rest, vlashtovuvali take. The fathers, all the children died of them, having recognized the future black canopies, sweat in the ears, they were raptly in the fresh mist of the new hut. They picked a bitch who was breeding puppies at the same time from the breed. At the moment, I’ll allow in the old hut of the guilty, there were more than a breed and a midwife. A man with a bitch who has grown green is guilty of being on the road near the breed at this hour. About allowed and completion of the first necessary procedures with a child, that breed gave the nobility to the father of this midwife with a clever cry of a bird through the window. It’s like a man with one zucchini in his bosom, back to back, going up to the window and stretching out his zucchini. Grandmother, who had gone to the window, also backwards, stretched the child through the window, taking the natomist tsutsenya. A man jumped from a child to a new hut. There, passing the Timchas anniversary to the child. Well, the grandmother put the tangled tsutsen into that histka, in which way to lay the newborn child. Arriving again, a man through another week threw a bitch with a net of puppies at the old hut. Through the same window, the names of the parentage and the grandmother, who went to the window, also went backwards. From the windows to the horses, everyone poked their way only backwards, so that there were no traces. The operation was carried out only in the sleepy light, when the devils, like nothing, were not guilty of appearing and puffing up. All the uncomplicated furnishings of the old hut were left unfinished. And the thinness back to the bottom was specially trimmed in the next place. At that hut no one else turned around. It was hard to come in there and piznishche. The “clairvoyants” and the shamans told about those, like devils, who “devoured” the new people, joked about the child of that family. Behind their words, the devils, similarly to sludopitiv, relatively jokingly followed quietly, who was not. The shards were only a little faded, but the quiet ones that were there weren’t left out, the devils came to the whiskers about those who didn’t have any birth, but only a bitch had accumulated. A lot of people who have been uplifted, don’t be devils in such a rank. It is marvelous that the greater the riven of the safety of this, the greater the number of childlessness and child mortality.
In Yakutia of the past, childlessness and child mortality were an important ailment for rich and secure families. “Wealth is known by the joy of children, and wealth - by motor quietness of the presence of childish voices,” they said. From which drive came the mirkuvannya about virіvnyuvannya share of seeing happiness: to whom - from children, to whom - from wealth. Spiraling on similar judgments about different parts of happiness, they blamed all the strongmen from the position, displacement, relocation and winding the steals of happiness. The axis of action is from them. Sims with non-living children tried to get their own adopted child wealthy families. Here, transmissions from native ties were carried over. If you want to give security to one of the children, or if you wish for a relative, if you are wealthy, you willingly sacrificed your child's wealth. However, at the vibes of a nasty occasion with tricks, there were fluctuations that were chosen by the fathers and in the course of the children themselves back. For the rest to go away, maybe all the mothers on the right would have less than the children of the youngest age. Few things are said about those who, as soon as I received them, who appeared after a new one from the many childless powerful children, began to die anew. “Vtik priyomish is the guardian of the happiness of all their children,” they said from the first drive. It often made life easier for Dane to accept in someone else's family, and many who, having become transcendently rejoiced, marveled at the priyomish literally like at the living god of the family. At the time of the adoption of children from the same side, the purchase and sale of children took their part. Koristuyuchis tacit trade, children of rich children were bathed and not childless. The stench was bathed for the conversion of purchases on cheap pracіvnikіv. Often it was similarly trampled, if the children were bathed far away, then they were given to the place where the fathers lived. There was little space for thinking about those, in the middle of the day, children stumbled at someone else’s hand, like taking away everything from themselves, lacking this prosperity, like vipadkovo otrimal that Volodar happiness. In such a rank, and rich people, they wounded their own child for nothing more than extremes. Through a designated thought, it was widely practiced to accept whether or not this is a sirit. With whom zastrichalis zapevnennya at that, nibi in tiy chi іnshіy sіm'ї pochalisnі serioznі prravlennі pіslja іїї chi іншої orphans. The idea of living noses, happiness, and prosperity, expanded on living creatures, as they called "uruulaah" and "suehhy terde". They told about those, how happiness came after death, that sale of “uruulaah” and “suyehy terde”. Those creatures, they believed in wonder, turned the shrine “Vitik c? ehu” into life. Such were the kin, the cow, the deer, the dog. Such creatures were not cut with a tail, mane, horns. They didn’t urge them on, they didn’t beat them with a batog. On special days, salam was embellished: ganchirka and lines. Along with such “titskas”, in sim'ї, shamanic “toluki titski” (tiny toluki titski), in Evenska “didki” could be heard. All the creatures, on which the shaman "transferred" that chi іnsha mortal illness of their ruler. Such could become if you see your own creatures. It mattered, as long as that creature was alive, it was the fault of the Lord. They lay down to such creatures, like to people, tobto like to their ruler. In a similar position, mothers also changed their minds: “mother-cow” (ye inah), “mother-cobile” (ye bee) too thin. against the disgrace of fate that fate. It seems that from the very dawn of diring sapientation, the people undertook to try to regulate with their mind not only physical important viability, so that the makings of an extraordinary philosopher appeared in him. Before trying to regulate it, it’s practical that it doesn’t all sound like a lure, appeasement, and roztashuvannya to yourself all seeing spirits and gods.
The concept of “bayanaydaah bulchut” (myslivets iz Bayanayem) is of little laudatory and adjudicatory meaning. At the first vipadku mali on the uvazi maistri do it, which the god of poluvannya favors. One hour they sued the quiet myslivtsiv, as if they had brought their own luck not to the master, but for the help of shamanic spirits, as if they were mocking Bayan to help that unkindly accepting trick. It was important that the shamanic spirits helped not without a cost, but for a crooked sacrifice. Behind povіr'ami, at the rocks of prosperous harvests for game, the crooked sacrifice went into extinguishing the fires of myslivsky trophies. And in the season of bad luck, the blood payment had to be covered with the blood of one's own domestic animals, and then with the blood of the members of one's family and relatives. And the devils and shamans were vowed by their obov'yazkovymi. They did not go to the point of complete degradation of the family. And not all shamans were able to understand them. Mav mіsce zvichay pribannya podіbnyh shamanskih spirits that at the right zagachennya be-like types of life values. The spirits of those, although they helped to improve, were filled with pain, blood-thirsty, like in the shamanic Bayan. The people who used to bring shamanic perfumes with a method of enrichment were called "Nyaadilala" or "tanghalaakh". In short, those two terms were the names of shamanic spirits. For this shaman, "nyaadya" is synonymous with the concept of "nyaadya" - "a woman of a relative from a beloved phratry". The word "tangha" means share. Appointed shamanic spirits were clearly called "tangha" for their presentation at the right hand of that fate "tangha". Sound like a tangha listener, nothing else, like a balakanini like listening illegally at the natural “Tangxa” (dolly), like those shamanic spirits and others. To come out, the bureaucratic right of the share of "tangha" was ordered by anyone who did not molt. The term "tangha" itself is a relative of "tangra". Stay miraculously for help "-ra". And in the first miracle, "-ra" replaced "ka" (ha) - "man". Before the presentation of the series, there is also a ringing about the nibito stealing from the cows of the susides. The drive for the squealing on the surface of that zvichayu always served as an epidemic, like a lactation ailment of wild cows. Epidemic that always rose in the fall of great summer milk. The cows lost a lot of weight because of that illness, their hair hung down, becoming a brittle tail, their whiskers wrinkled, their horns, hoard, and nipples grimaced with cracks. Podіynіst they either fell sharply, or zowsі prinyalas. In the rest of the fall, the motherland shrieked from the nipples. With this illness, only one day cows suffered. In the wake of this illness, the death of dairy calves began. The threat of a hungry winter hung over the cattlemen without dairy products. The axis of the same, without leaving, the cattlemen, took up the day with fire, shukati chaklunka, which nibito "stole" from them the yield of cows. The pranks were practically the Yakut variety of the all-world famous African “polyuvannya on the view”, which guessed the pranks of the “tsapa-vodbuvayla”. The jokes of the “witches”, that chaklunіv, scho nibito chakluyut udіynіst, sprung from the great masovoї samoї samodialnosti, that in vіd vigaduvan: nіbito hto, if i de “dab on the vlasnі eyes” like that chi іnsha chaklunka-vildobilka came through strangers grabbing or stroking ruhi by name and kuprik of day cows. The number of "eyewitnesses" here swelled up similarly to the guesswork of someone, de and if they babbled abaasi.
They also told about those, like that chaklunka sees one of her cow's milk, which is rich with the water of three great cows. To quiet rhetoric, they added about those who “stolen” Chaklun’s milk of kishma, teeming with wretched white worms that collapse, and milk dishes in her cellar were weaned by lizards and toads. Others, passing by, dropped into the milk flax chaklunks of various plasunivs for the speechiness of “prove”. For the harshness and severity of the genre, similar "boules" are not small of their peers. Here, the Yakut supporters showed such an inhuman power that N.V. Gogol congratulated bi їm. Suspected of chaklunstvo, they sweated її milk utensils with “antichaklunsky” necks, with awls they contrived її thinness, budinok, budіvlі, reexamined її children, people, relatives. Deyakі z quiet old bіdolah, scho suffered, yet still reached my youth. Behind these words, calling into a similar Chaklunsky “stealer of milk” was practically a collective driving in, more than a lot of people having laid hands on themselves or God-willed. Such was the bitterness of the “culture” of zaboboniv. In the meantime, as far as I was far away, z'yasuvati pіznіshe, vivayuchi shamanіzm, among other peoples of the colossal SRSR, similarly ringing among the nіbito stealing of milk from cows of susіdіv little mіsce mіzhe among all cattlemen of the kolishny SRSR. Otzhe, lactation ailment spent udіynostі in cows was a wildly widened disease of milk thinness. Although the very problem of this type of chaklunstva, then in me they suspected about the possibility of being recounted by themselves, about the amount of corrosiveness by them with this type of chaklunstvo. To cut a long story short, I casually accepted the masovy’s beak, as if they sang about the manifestation of such chaklunstvo. Zvіdsi, not believing in my abilities, I everywhere launched on the hot trail of that manifestation of experts from among the many shamans, who, due to the inconvenience, saw shamanism. The rest, who had already laid all their shamanic possessions in a string, willingly undertook to investigate from those who were lost alive, for the chaklunsky “stealing milk”. I vysnovok they have usyudi buv however. A similar type of chaklunstvo is known to be quite a few in the arsenals of magic and chaklunstva. Otzhe, they were accused by simple tsapami-vіdbuvily for self-calming in the epidemic of thієї lactation ailment of wild cows. To go out, the zhorstokіst of the situation itself created the zabobonnu zhorstokіst. Zvіdsi vinikaє zapitanya: “Who, for the unfavorable situation, called out in their time the zhorstokі “bagatiruvan” olonkho? Adzhe, for olonkho, "wealthy" for the most unique peaceful compromises and the end of all conflicts, the same massacre and stabbing. And why do you need similar zhorstokіst and uncompromising virishuvati of your own youth in the future and present life. Okrіm vimog radyanskoy policy, to lose the lamati head over the life reasons mayzhe mayzhe one-flock self-moving olonkhosutiv themselves in the form of olonkho. The wise creators of the rest have clearly swayed, that they are tempted to drink at such a breathtaking rock. Before that, the appointment of the solution of olonkhosutiv was revealed to the repetitions of the epochs of the planet in the form of their epics. And the olonkhos were sadly illiterate in order to suspect that they had inherited the planet's wild fashion for epics. Yak bachite, it's not that simple. Here you need to calmly, thoughtfully discuss without stopping the method of colossal circling "chakluniv - a villain in stealing milk."
Call names
Specialist im'ya that im'ya ethnos (ethnonym) to establish a special passport for the people of that yogo warehouse. The loss of an ethnonym, generic names and ethnic names of particularity is the loss of a passport, for the death of an ethnic group, for names are annulled only by death. Itself with names in Yakutia looks even worse. Tsya culture of the Mayzhe region died irrevocably. With the administrative leapfrog of the ranks, name the tribes and slopes that came from the diring hours. They replaced them with the names of mysteries, as if they were afraid of getting lost in native land. It means that the patches of quiet tribes have turned into bezimenny churok. The illiterate officials of the voivodeship more understood and cherished the monuments of the ancient culture, the lower ranks of high illumination. Come out, illumination does not help in understanding cultural values.
With the ethnonyms of ethnosiv, Abiyak is also used. It is connected with the timing that the current warehouse is changing day by day. Gumovіshe for all warehouse of non-numerical ones. How to appear chergovі pіlgi, not numerous to pass from the ethnos to the ethnos and back. And the change in their numbers by a similar path, which one does not understand, is brought to the physical death of the ethnos. However, desertion to a foreign ethnos is a long-standing pattern of ethnos formation, among some rubbish for their own ethnos they liquidate that ethnos. Appointment process is always unwelcome, more to lie in the waste of ethnic pride. The appointment of a transfer from ethnic group to ethnic group is also related to the cobwork of the ethnic group of Yakutia. The stench was created by seemingly administrative units for the sake of clarity in the collection of yasak and the organization of self-regulation: more precisely, mutual responsibility. The proteges of the quiet ethnos drank on non-separating shifts. Before the arrival of the Russians, there were no native ethnicities in Yakutia. Knowing nothing of the Yakutians, the Crimeans are of their own kind. The rest did not manage to get together with the ethnic group. It made sense. Adzhe, the curtains zbivayutsya in the tribes of that ethnicity in the minds of the need to organize collective self-defense against the outer and inner foes. From the ancient gates of Yakutia, the Did Moroz was overpowered and given. There was nothing to plunder in Yakutia's inner wards. Skin family lived tens of kilometers away from the nearest land. Vaughn was so-and-so fit for fishing on deer and trimal of cured cows and milk for children. Dane reindeer herding began to fall apart on a special gallery for the king and collective farms. Part of yoga is saved and dosi. The axis of such Yakutians, the voivodship, on the other hand, tried the Russian division in the volosts, putting on the choli of their “best” with the titles “prince” or “tiun”. You are alone without knowing anyone.
They didn’t come to pick up “amanativs”, that is, zaruchniks, but the canopies were administrative, it was less possible to make friends with them. There was no control, no power in the quiet canopies. Os chomu olonkho until the 19th - 20th centuries. could not foresee neither the policeman nor the orderly officers from the government. Since there was no rebellion, no police, no bosses, then the language could not be about power or sovereignty. Tse nіkim nіkim nіkim nіkami nіkami vіsnі sniy ustriy, dekozhna sobistіst nіnіnі not commanded, n_іnіnі not podkoryalas. Everything is brilliantly painted in olonkho and in retellings. They didn’t give the evening the opportunity to create yasakopadni odinitsі and movnі oasi. Їx between were indistinct, and there was a wider richness. In yasachnyh lists, even the same person is often small with the names of different languages. In the old legends, there is no common word about translations and modern difficulties in splintering. In addition, it was impossible to make my Dolganina look like a Yakut, a Tungus like a Lamut, a Koryak like a Chukchi. Nareshti, the voivodeship has created administrative ethnicities (high-paying units) combined with their current occupations. So, all pivnichni "pishi" were wholesale named Yukagirs, reindeer - Lamuts and Tungus (on the Amur River "orochi", "orok", "orochen", tobto deer), "kinn" were called Yakuts - yakoltsy. With whom gifts more rewards for the obviousness of "cinema". The axis of which olonkho went to vipinati volodinnya with a horse. Through these pilgrims, maybe all the non-numbered people came to popovnyuvat ranks of the kinny Yakuts and Buryats. So, without mentioning it himself, the voivodship started desertion of innumerable people from its own ethnic group.
The creation of ethnic groups on the wrong minds of the pilgrims immediately turned into an ethnic scandal, which happened on the second century. Vin among the Yakuts used to be christened “the crooked century of the Kirghiz” or “hundreds of people fall for their names” (Aatin Ilaari). For folk interpretations, "Kyrgyz vіk" polyuvav for skin, sob "take away from the new name." Otherwise, apparently, the yasak pickers ate for the skin, so that they could write it down as a yasak payer to the lists of that new newly created ethnos, without nourishing, wherever they want. And it didn’t take me long to feed the wines, because everyone jumped and blinked to the plethora of “Yakuts”. Dissatisfied with the mass order. Historians called this phenomenon “mass migration of Yakuts to the outskirts”, and the next would be called yoga “a wild revolt against the violent record in ethnicity”. Those reindeer herders became vkachami, they had fewer horses and cows, so they didn’t make it to the lists of “Yakuts”. It was especially hard for even the few sagam Dolgans, if they were easily dragged down to the lists of "Yakuts". This is how the Dolgans and the Yakuts and the anger of the part of them with the Yakuts were born. The whole thing reduced the visibility of the moving bridge, which passed from hand to hand the sagamity of the Yenisei Khakass saga-movie to the Meshkantsy Deer. As in practice, life passed "Kyrgyz crooked watering" for the skin name of "obscure" "past" for inclusion in the lists of ethnicities saved the child "gras in Kirghis". When I was small, I gravitated to that group. Gra started from the nazdogyanyans. Having caught up, they entered into a fight, a struggle. Peremozhets sitting on top of a fallen cry: "Will you pay Danin?" (Daangnin bierein duo?) or “Do you see your own?” (Aakkin biere5in duo?). The hot boys could not do without a nosebleed. Axis tsya and bula gra in "the shelter of the Kirghis". Igri that child did not take the steel. Such was clearly the picture of the administrative "nationality" of the ethnic groups of Yakutia as a way of personal skin fishing for inclusion in the lists of yasakopladniks, that in the ethnic group, which are created in such a way. Zvidsi, those lists and information about the people of all ethnic groups in Yakutia. Don't know the exact document.
Vlasne, “ethnos”, “people” and “nation” are political and administrative concepts for collective self-defense or for collectively imposing one's will on others who are weak. Like the “people” of the Yakuts, like the people, they understood the unwritten Yakuts of the 19th century. І svіy rodovіd odnostaynâyut vіd Tigina - people of the XVII century. To come out, Yakutian knowledge is taught to these Yakuts of the 19th century at the rosy everyday truths of life. When the ethnos were created by the way of such an administration, the ethnonyms before them were attached to them not for the bazhanny. The dissatisfaction of the cym took away its expression from the self-name, translating yak " right person". Takі: nenets - neney, gold - ulch, Oirot - tiva toshcho. The ethnonym "yaka" (yuka) is an exact copy of the Yukagir "yuka", only without "-gir". Yakutsk “Odun khaantan” (“Odun in the blood”) is a new exact copy of the Yukagir odul. Only the numerical numbers of the stink of different sounds "-n" and "-l". Yukagirsk “omok” among the Yakuts “Omuk” is a private phratry. The American Indians also had the Omok tribe (div.: song "Pipe to the Light" in the epic "Song of Hiawatha"). Yakutian "hoy bah" - veneration of the skull - a new copy of the Yukagir veneration of the skull "Koil". "Ti", "khayihrar" Yakut similar to Yukagir. Yakut "ungk" and "ungkuu" are constructed in Yukagir. Chi not nadto rich parallels? Todi "sakha" stars? Tse yaka, haka, sakha - the name of three sagas: Khakass saga-movie, Dolgan saga-movie and Yakut saga-movie. May I pretend not to believe the statement of the Yakut language itself, that she comes from three sagams “us sakha”, my narodzhenikh uren-urenkhay, urengoy? Why don’t you declare that you are from Turkic, Khunhuz-Khun, Mongolian and Kurik language? To go out, we are preemptively zatikaemo our own vuha, if the living witness is not to speak to our selfishness. All the same, they went to the point, vipadkovo, if they called their republic "Sakha-Yakutia", we saw for ourselves a look of Saga-Khakass and a look of Saga-Dolgan. Now to bring the individual to the people in special names. Adzhe, "Kyrgyz vik" not for nothing polyuvav our names. For their christening and replacing them with church names, they were given the title of “new baptized”, they called yasak for a short hour, and they gave yaks melody. In order not to become known as "old steel", our ancestors in the 17th century sold not for silver coins, but for zhalyugidnі mіdyaks that their culture of names. Today, for the renewal of them, it is necessary to repair the prickly drots of the laws. On the illegal khybne "Yakutsk" іm'ya mayut the right of the scribes and journalists themselves. І tі їkhnі іnames so і bear the names of hibnih іmen - pseudonyms. They change their passports, and the change of official names to their Yakut ones went without pain. Only needed, imovirno, official permission.
Modern sounds
Movnі zvichaї ta zvichaї for the peculiarities of individual vіdmіnnosti Іndivіdа perebuvayut knowledge at the borders of different galleys. Stop either nodding one on one, otherwise you don’t know enough recognition for yourself, so you take up the floor of a rich speech, like a designated sound. At the result, the rest are filled not only with unvivified, but with stern descriptions. It is not uncommon to see in the academies of the past announcements about them that they are on par with the most recent old pre-revolutionary hours. Here you don’t need to go far for butts. For more than three hundred years, the wealthy academicians-Yakut scholars, like old-time grandmothers, had to sing their readers, but the Turkic language could not have been brought to Yakutia otherwise, as by the creators of the Turkic language especially. In short, the stinks were (and remain until this day) instilled, none of the movies were delivered and are delivered to other regions only by the creators of the movie themselves, especially, by the path of their resettlement. Other ways of transferring the language were not recognized and are not known. From similar senile grandmotherly statements about the Yakuts, our Yakut studies for more than three centuries, in respect of the main population, will arrive to Yakutia from the first day, and the Yakuts themselves are stunned not to be an independent people, but rather to leave the Turkic-Mongols - in the same rank, as it is not accepted independently. Russians. A part of today's Yakuts is illuminated, glad-radenka to such a "theoretical" demise of the Yakuts as a people and proudly see the crooked victory of foreign kaganates and khanates "Yakut history" and "Yakut victory".
In the euphoria of similar sightings of someone else's history for their own, the past Yakutians lost their innocence. There - there was a flame ... To avoid pointlessly talking about the past, let's see, it sounds like the expansion of the language in the foreign territory. In today's Yakutia, it is fashionable to embrace foreign languages. Many of the Yakutians are already well-groomed by foreign language. For the knowledge of the past, іz assigned to the fact, the Volodymyr was rich with Yakuts of foreign mov, Yakut studies already did not grow enough vysnovs about those, nіb tі іnozemnomennі yakuts to resemble foreigners, yak moved to Yakutia and especially handed over to the Yakuts and their ancestry. I, about the wonder: to talk about Yakutism about those who drank those foreign language to Yakutia, and not to talk about the journey of foreign language from Napoleon, Churchill and Barbarossa. The Yakuts themselves have become the teachers of foreign language in today's Yakutia, as they have learned these language over the foreign powers themselves, and the cities of Russia. Zvіdsi, vyyavilosya, Bazhan someone else's mov can be taken away not ob'yazkovo from the hands of the creators of the mov, but relay-race through the transmission lanes. Just in Yakutia of the past, when there were no planes, no trains, no highways, aliens far away could hardly make their way in any other way, like a path of Bagatolan relay race transmissions. Even the illiteracy of those who pass on the baton can be explained by such a camp of the Turkic language of the Yakuts, that it is impossible for me to understand it from the Turkic peoples of the past, or today. For a greater depth of knowledge of the language and for the expansion of the light-gazer, perhaps a part of today's Yakutians got into the habit of traveling in the foreign powers. Upon the arrival of the call, they become the most fashionable people of the region, that full-time living agitation for the succession of the transition to the movement of them. If you want to transfer this year to the past of Yakutia, then it was not strangers who were guilty of moving to Yakutia to deliver new words, but instead, as if they themselves were greeted on the first day of Yakutia, they were often guilty on the first day for the mouths and knowledge, for it was not for themselves. The very ones who called there with their “excused” were little inherited from the zadroshchi of the Yakut people, and not someone else’s impenetrable vipadkovy bells of the call. It is worth noting that such a fact should be predicted by those who, until the other half of the 20th century, the Yakut people did not mind replacing their native language with Russian language, not respecting the great number of Russians in Yakutia from the 20th to the 20th centuries. From the other side, it was easier for the Yakutians to travel to pivden, and from the inhabitants of pivden to Yakutia. On the right, in the fact that a pure cattleman-Pivdentsev did not break through to Yakutia through a thousand miles of fodder for thinness. And the Yakutian reindeer herder would easily have pulled up that path on deer, hungry for watering and fishing, and a guest at such themselves, like wines themselves, foxes. The cabinet of Yakut studies did not in any way give respect to the practical side of the broadening of movies and folklore and the journey of the Yakuts. Vono delved less into the summative semblance of words and sounds and procrastinated his pointed finger on the map of Asia. Chi did not give respect to the practice of life through the advancement of the beastly setting to the Yakuts, not despising their active and self-made people, who built themselves to go far for progress.
Yakutism has always come up with thoughts about those who Yakut of the past did not have a thinking head, and for a moment, only slightly and unapologetically, to prepare the solutions of strangers who came intelligently. In short, the resettlement theory obviously respected the Yakuts as dikuns. In the event of a different journey, they would not have posted as a certificate about the resettlement of the day, stuffed with tales about fools, news of the descent from the skies of Yer Sogotokh Ellyai - like a descent down the stream from the upper Deer. With current reasons, the main reasons are to replace your native language with someone else’s, or the numerical minority of the most important and important medium, or the waste of your native language, which are yearning. The numerical minority of small-minded Yakutov middle-class people was created at the settlements and enlarged settlements. From this frontier came the signs of the movement of the innumerable and the number of the innumerable themselves through the replacement of ethnic authority. Those manifestations of today often deafen the world of the innumerable. And really - not the death, but desertion from a number of their ethnic groups and the transfer of deserters to the lavas of other ethnic groups. And it depends on a number of reasons. Head of them - rubbish for their ethnicity and zazdrіst іnhim. This is a calm reason that has afflicted all the dead ethnicities and peoples of the planet. Rubbish for your ethnicity and zazdrіst іnhim - a terribly sticky psychological epidemic. How to show symptoms of an epidemic, rare ethnicity clothes and ailments may be called. With one visits to the introduction of the language, such ailments do not lie. Rubbish for your ethnicity and zazdrіst іnshim roses such an ethnicity, like iron metal. Until the Radyansk hours, while the Yakuts were writing their victories over the innumerable, the strong Yakut ethnic group was one of the healthiest in its region. And the axis was widened through the illumination of the delusion about the nibito pivdennya of the people, in the soul of the Yakut ethnos there appeared the first irzha zazdroshchiv to the inhabitants of the pivdnya and almost soromu for his people on Pivnochі and for belonging to a too peaceful ethnos to the sea . And rubbish for the transcendental peacefulness of their diring ancestors, having heard their ethnos, what happened to be someone who was designated to the sheds. more quantity blood. The amount of shed foreign blood became clear: only among such illumined yakuts came shukati their nibit ancestors of old. With this stench, one forgets one's chronic innumeracy from long ago; And such a number, with large-scale bloodsheds, did not lead to life in any way. And some ancestors of the Yakuts could not be the only wine in ancient meat grinders. Because of that life of zazdroshchiv strangers came from the other half of the XX century. mass spending on young people of Yakutism. Over the ethnos hung the threat of Shvidkoi spending Yakutism. On the axis of that, a commotion arose in the struggle for the rebirth of native language and the struggle for culture. With this, they propagate national renewal with some mouths, and with others they continue to raise rubbish on the shield for their ethnic group: “Sorry buti Yakuts – mi Hunno-Hunhuzi and Turks – the bait of old vinischuvachi peoples!”. And with such a rubbish for your ethnicity, mrіyut vryatuvat your ethnos in disintegration ... Tim, for an hour, sound the disintegration of the Yakut language on the unglued cunnings of professional “moves” and replace your native language with strangers, instead of crossing into an unwelcome law. The Yakut language in perspective is the same share that spit the language of the non-numerical ones. The cost of the native movi rose from the cities, district centers and industrial settlements. The process of nі go to enlarged and small settlements of glybinoks. Yak pіdveze zaliznitsa dodatkovy іnshomovniy contingent, the process pіde galopuvati. Zvіdsi, the cob widening of the saga-language (the anatomy of the Tungus-language) obviously followed the current scheme from the epicenters to the peripheries.
The surpluses of the same process from the savings of the accents are saved and dosі. No one can argue against these regularities and details: blame everything on the words “unique, inconsistent” of the Yakut language, right up to the introduction to the dialect of the Yakut language of the Dolgan saga-movie - the ancestor of the Yakut saga-language. The introduction of the Dolgan saga-movie to the Yakut saga-movie deceived all Yakut studies, having found the place, which relayed the elements of the Khakassian saga-movie to Yakutia. Yakbi, having delivered bi Kurikan mova, the Yakut mova used to call herself not “saga-mova”, but “kurikan-mova” or “Turk-mova”. Proteo Yakut zvichas sounded only Bazhans to hear and stammer their own voices, if the Yakut language itself speaks about itself, it’s more like “saga-mova”, and not a Turk, abo kurikan, Mongol, Xiongnu Mova. In short, pre-emption was born before the illumination of the Yakuts themselves. There are practically no one to see the reasons for the self-preparation of the Yakut mine before entering the nebuttya. Vzhivani this year, come in at some time to sing a song, in my opinion, in a hurry to bring it to an early death. Nasampered, vygaduvannya new, taken from the stele, terms on the very moves are understood by additional folds more and more in the form of movi bazhayuchikh koristuvatisya him. The replenishment of the dictionary has long been forgotten by the archaic, which served the understanding and busyness, which have long been seen from life, lie on the bellies with an uncommon, tight ballast. Enriched with such a rank of the dictionary, it was reasonable to serve as a source of pride, if the Yakut mova then takes a place among the dead mov. Today, the Yakut language, which is overwhelmed, needs more not її agglomerated with naphthalene, but forgiveness and shattering with laconic business. On the planet today, there is such a process. There it went to the point where the literary classics were replaced by short comics and a laconic trove of laconic business journalism. Spontaneously and in us, the language of journalism has long become more important. Only a few hours of activity in the last hour confused the fashion for the novel "Tigin Darkhan" and the language of shamanistics. Grievances and fashion caused archaic and ornate grandeur and richness. The very same life has been saved by saving money in rubles, and in words. The right reasons for the step-by-step exit of the life of the Yakut language and non-numerous people still imply a marriage to patriotism. They step by step spend their goodness, which they yearn for, through pretentiousness to types, to occupy, which they spend their profit. For example, all of the few servants from ancient times have been watering, fishing and reindeer breeding. With the destruction of human nature and ecology and types, it is possible that they cease to be suitable for their relatives. Together with them, they begin to agonize and move, who to serve them. Here, patriotism alone cannot help you. The largest of the few Yakuts have long moved to places and industrial villages with other types of language to occupy. You can’t judge the same kind of vchinok: even if you don’t die, then at the same time, with types, take what you die, and with language, what you serve. On the right, if for a job stinks and in a new place, living in those new occupations could save up their long-standing language as a way of spliffing with their fellow tribesmen. However, here, too, there are problems with the compactness of living. The Yakut movie has such a share. After the unblocking of the veteran Diring - reindeer herding, on the rise of independence, like the gallus of cattle breeding and reindeer breeding, those types of statehood step by step sent riti to their future grave. Otherwise, apparently, the stench came to destroy people's mind and destroy the self-protection of the unoccupied nature.
In the presence of such blasphemy, there are no signs of smut zherelo life - polyuvannya and fishing. All kinds of creatures earlier were less pіdsobnimi galuzy to the main ones - polyuvannya and ribalstva. So, the Yakuts before R.K. Maaka, until the middle of the 19th century, were covered with trees and riboids. This year, the fodder base has been improved, the Yakut animal husbandry gradually ceases to be a year for the Yakuts. Together with the world of bestiality, naturally, I went to decline and bind to the new Yakut language. The rest will be given a new dihannya, as if before the new non-cattle-breeding years, they can take a lesson in the Yakut language. And even if they can’t, patriotism alone won’t betray the language. At the ancient Gathering, they chopped off the head of the visnik, who brought the filthy news. Likewise, I sound so wild, and the author of these rows should be afraid that bi-emotional fellow tribesmen would not attack him for bringing the truth here about the share of the Yakut language and non-numeric language. Prote komus need to tell the blatant truth about those, schob and іnshі heads included in the search for an exit from these unfavorable laws. And you can’t help the guards here. Today’s sound replace the native language of the Yakuts, having shown the viability of that low food, over which it was possible to lamate your head when seeing pictures of the Yakut people’s journey. It turned out that the language is not the power of the ethnic group of that people. The assignment of yogo to a specific ethnic group can often be a simple privatization of a non-pochatkovy movie creator. Mova is not a servant of the ethnos, but a slave to the type to occupy, which is served by him. For example, the scotarian language is absolutely bait for someone who, for ethnic belonging, is worthy of him. Vin z to the same prazhnennyam servitors who are well-deserved for the adventures, who undertook to be fit for bestiality of the type served by him. Thus, the Turkic language served the same way from Baikal to Istanbul in all centuries, who were engaged in animal husbandry. Among such boules are the Turks, Tavgachi, Urankhai-Airati (arati), Sogdi, Stravi, Bactri, Parthians, Oghuz, Seljuks, Ottomans, Tatars, Tatabi toshcho. It is not included that they chose and privatized yoga at once from bestiality in such an impoverished tribe. To go out, to take the type, which appeared in an enviable other time with my servant, like a river, roaming from hand to hand. With such a transfer, like a trophy coin, a lot of Timchas' privatizers were blamed physically, leaving more than a type of employment with my servant-mine. They didn’t rush about the month of time, as if they served the unpretentiousness for other types of borrowing. For example, mov, yaks served the polar polar right of the arctic sea creatures, there would be no pidhoplen there, no sea creatures were silent. The Turkic language of the Khakassian sagas from Yenisei traveled through Dolgan to Deer through deer breeding. And then not as a whole, but only in that part, as it appeared as an appendage of the pastoral part of deer and cattle breeding. Tsim i was explained by the uneven copying of the Khakassian saga-movie by the Dolgan and Yakut saga-moves. And just as the Dolgan and Yakut saga-movies were not the same, they were not the same types of reindeer herding.
The Yakut turkologists foolishly joked and joked about controversy in immenny ambushes, but the language-peremozhets іz peremozhenoї movi found out everything that is similar to the yogo lexical fund. Vіd vymozhenoї yazyka vіn bravі sоbі lishe similitude. Zvіdsi, іmennі foundations - the main indicators of friendly mov. Vkazіvniki anger mov є suffixes, affixes, prefixes, inflections. This set can be described in skilki and in whose hands having struck the tongue. As shown by today's voices, the head figure in the replacement of the native sight of the region is not a caller from his own imported mother, but the aborigine himself, who inherits someone, who replaces his native language with someone else. Here the grapes become less mastery of deserted little huts in one alien population. And in the place of native language of someone else, fiyovimi persons there are fewer children, such fathers from pelyushki are shifted by someone else's mine. At the transition of children to a foreign language, which changes the current look of the region, not strangers, but the fathers of the children themselves become the leading persons. And they change the stink of my mother’s child, so that I can take care of my child with a promising mother, who is good. Here the guilt of the fathers is unimaginable. I will use the language of the stench to get it to be like a path. Mіtsno vstanovlenі zvichaї zmіn mov and ethnіchnykh priladdyam essentially є naygolovnіsha cuisine that "narodzhennya" and disintegration of the ethnos and the people. Otherwise, it seems, in spite of the thoughts of ancient grandmothers and parts of their wives, the ethnos and the people did not live in a ready-made look like a single mother in the family and did not die, having seen the rest of the sight at the likarni. The people-making processes of seemingly different people proceeded in the inconspicuous dullness of weekdays in the form of cobs of weak signs of blaming the common jargon until the sign of the ethnos and the people of the "people live" and "come at once" and "at once. I, not having understood this duality of the process, grandmothers and women always whisper the exact “date of birth” of that other ethnic group to the people. Similar blunders are more likely to be true in quiet situations, if the people of that ethnicity “people” indicate that punishment, decide and decide on administrative regulations, such as “settle the people under the name “Khakas” and by name the lists of the Yakuts in the 17th century, which divided the Yakuts into paid administrative units "Yakol", "Tungus", "Lamut", "Chukcha", "Borggan", "Yukagir" toshchoo. Tі, scho passed without a political podіl on ethnos, pre-Russian mutual oaz one-on-one are practically continued and today in particular zvichaїv replacements of native mov and ethnos. Pratsyyuchi over the revival of the zvichaїv, in fact, next it was handed over to the right hand the revival of the very two ultra basic zvichaїv. And in our day, we can see more people in the countryside, zaboboniv and dribnitsy of butovyh theatrical performances. Shukaєmo їх in the daytime with fire, vigaduєmo vіd itself nіbit long ago, and we try to force them to beat them in the mіzki to schoolchildren, not looking at those who will stink in their practical life in the 21st century. When it matters, for the smut, the acknowledgment of the reinstatement of national identity. In short, vipyachuyuchi theatrical sounds, we imagine the 21st century, otherwise, like a stage in a variety theater. And in the raptom of the XXI century, it will not appear as a stage of the stage and the expiration of national features will be accepted by the numerical superiority, like a demonstrative viklik soothing. .. Zvichaї zamin mov et ethnosiv in Yakutia from the XVII century. continue and donin. The stench continues as a single uninterrupted process. The head of the ethnographer, folklorist, connoisseur and historian respectfully guarded for all the peculiarities and details of this majestic life laboratory. W XVII Art. until this day, each process is filled with the inevitable: physical zakriplyuvachami change on someone else's relatives, and ethnicity and children; їm promising move to rob fathers; it is not strangers-migrants who become teachers of foreign language, but their cousins, or their fellow tribesmen, as if they denounced someone else's language; moving to other people's movements and ethnicity is becoming mass-like only once, if it becomes mass-based initiation of someone else's movement, learning to move to mass-lead one's own tribesmen and if the mass population of one-tribes begins to grow up with the fruits of that type to occupy, which serve them with a prestigious movement.
So, Masov Royrusinnya Yakutiv Zi in his back of his Yakutsko Movili, there were tilki of the other half of the XX of the Station, if it was the great -worthy of the Army Movie Movisi of the Yakutiv I Kolya (Urung Vule). masa yakutiv and if it’s quiet, who doesn’t understand Russian language, mayzhe didn’t lose the middle of yakutiv. When transferring the picture of the Russification of the Yakuts on the ancient replacements of Yakutia, the offensive alignment is taken away. In the great and middle toponyms, as well as in the one-two-fold ancient ethnonyms of the ancient Eurasian Pivnochi of America, some different systems of the Ugrian-self-modern are circumpolarly panned. Later, the first Meshchans of the old pivnichnoy pivnіchnoy pіvkuli were only one dirigovtsi, as if they spoke the system of threat-self-modern. Nadalі raznі khіlki ієї systems of paleoms went to establish myriad independent local moses in a way of mutual christening. In Yakutia, due to the unique features of the citadel, the pole of cold, those ancient movies and ethnonyms were lost until the 17th century. save like at the museum of rіdkіsnosti. Before Tungusism in this region, it was possible to panuvaly movi oduliv (oduniv), alaї ta hanga-yi (ngana-yi or maya-mayaativ-nganasan). Movi odul-oduniv can be seen until a group of pogromovini. Alai - maybe, up to khantyazicity, and hanga (hangal) self-speak. The axis of some minds, perhaps, was the legend about the famous "Yukagir fires" or rich. Those old-fashioned threats were rammed through the Pacific Ocean to the Ob River, when the treasury-stars appeared, the Tungusom. The epicenter of the origin of the mass language is clearly not located on the outskirts of the region. Otherwise, this roztikannya for the whole region would have been deprived of legends, on the kshtalt of military campaigns and the mass resettlement of Turkic peoples to Zakhid. Tungusomovnіst, perhaps, originated here at the center of the region and began to spread on all sides, like a blight on the water of an object that fell. Only such a broadness could be silent and unsatisfactory. In every case, after the ugro-selfish olden days, Tungusomism was the pre-Turkic modern volodar of the modern background of Yakutia. Confirm this toponymy. The gospodar basis of Tungusism was bulo, mabut, reindeer. About those, as in the very life there was a change of the colossal savage Tungusism of Yakutia to the saga-mova with the replacement of the ethnic belonging of the Yakuts following her, they moaned and mooched the moustache of the Shukayuchi and the Shukayuchi trip of the Yakutians. To move through those who created life pictures of quiet replacements, to make pointless polyuvannya like the word "sakha" for seeing the history of the single birth of a whole nation in history. At the same time, all the stinks publicly admit that the Yakut saga-mova is a hybrid language, that it was only blamed in Yakutia itself. Because of such a recognition, there would have been a trace of blaming and blaming the Sakha people themselves in Yakutia itself, as a legacy of replacing the colossal native Tungus-lingualism with a hybrid saga-mova. The people have not yet experienced the transition to a new "right" language. Behind the blame of administrative-principal changes of ethnic power without urakhuvannya mov, like in Khakassia, and Yakutia of the 17th century. when the oasis of the saga-yazichis appeared, it was not a kazіvnik of the “nationality” of the ethnos. Until then, the term "saga" - no more than a name for a movie, was transferred by the year to the newly created ethnos as their own ethnonym.
The word "saga", more for everything, if it meant "mova", because the first book for reading for Yakut children was called "sakha tilu" - "sakha sangata". In the same way, the words “saga” were named in the epic “Saga about Forsyty”, “Saga about nivelungs”, the Vietnamese newspaper “Nyan-zan”, and also among the Nganasan Mayaativ “sang” - “mova”. In times of ethnonymous change, the word “saga” still does not obey the sound “s”, moreover, in the regions of the Yenisei, that Oleni buv is the daily ethnonym “sak”. Tungusomovni Yenisei and Oleni used the ethnonym "saga" as "dyoko" and "nyoko". Otzhe, stink mali on the uvazi "yak" from the group "yu," yuren "," yurenhai "," yurengoy ". Vshee already appointed, scho leather; Mova in olden times was a servant not to an ethnic group, but to a type to occupy and serve, however, regardless of ethnic belonging, who undertook to be suitable for the type to occupy, who are served by him. Shards of the same type to borrow from your own professional for their specifics, those of the same type move, serviced and specialized parts of the same type to borrow, small enough to extend to their professions, for their internal see different. So, for example, an accountant is a medical practitioner. І відпідно for the specialization of accountants is divided into accountants-transport workers, accountants in trade, accountants-lifetime. The most similar specialization in the union with the territorial waters of the Kremlin, perhaps, created dialects that hakayut and shock, and the impersonal speech of the Evenk mov. At once, the fierce Tungusomity, obviously not without specialization and affinity to specific natural and climatic zones, split into its own Even, Evenk and Manchurian gulka. Zvіdsi, pivdenna Manchurian gіlka could not take root in the Arctic with the yogo-subpolar reindeer breeding, and the Amur subtropical gіlka of the Evenki movi could not catch on to the minds of the Olenets pivnіchny deer farming. The desolate steppes and desolate regions, close to the Gobi desert, were clearly the fatherland of the Huns. Talk about those favorite routes of their robbery campaigns. The stench stormed the waterless Khingan, threatened China through the sands and tried to build a great wall. With a healthy mind, similar to the robbers, it was not cold at the pole. By professionalization, the pastoralism of the mova of the ancient Turks was similar to the Huns. Such were the language and the state of the Aigurs (Uighurs). Only their ethnonym is close to the Yenisei samody. Prote їh vіyskovo-provіntskogo recognition of bestiality, not zdatne to live without plundering, hardly for its good will would turn its guise to Pіvnіch at the bіk shmatochkovyh flocks, fіsіv i holodiv. Bringing the ancestors of the Yakuts out of the quiet three thousand steppe plunders was an absolute absurdity, both in the state and in the modern vіdnosinah. It was unacceptable to send refugees and deserters like them to the Bik of Yakutia, but to inspire a deathbed to gravitate to koshariv, and not to the Bik, where there is no one to profit. Axis through such universal illogicality, the hoarders of the pivden voyage, like in the fire, were afraid of the state’s life picture “resettlement” of the ancestors of the Yakuts from the pivdnya.
Movnі zvichaї after the age - the same age as the age of the people. As it was already appointed higher, their innocence did not judge the ice in all areas of humanist knowledge. The axis of which happened to be a hundred years old, I call a few more months, a few others. I respect, my readers will understand that in these short notes, the author’s caution in all spheres of life is more low in the clenched chest. Your respect for the author is more than a teze for the future great monographic works of the successors, having looked at it from the source. In this abstract-short monograph, the author seems to be more viscous than a medical one. Such laconicism has been confounded by today's economy. It would be a shame for the author to narrate such a peculiarity of life. The need for economy in humanitarian affairs is overdue for the past century. The value of the work went down to the same not the value of a thought, but to the comrade's listing and the number of seeing loneliness. Prodovzhennya podіbnih zvichaїv humanities sciences, at once from the sea of newspaper papers, began to threaten near the nearest future lower surpluses of the planet's forest massif - the lungs of the earth's kuli. Zvіdsi, it is necessary to win the exchange of money for the lives themselves, zayve richness from the borrowed pennies and papers.
Sound giddiness "pee, plow!"
Spravzhnya prudishness appears in extreme situations. At my old mandras, at the jokes of the "great-fatherland" of my ancestors, I did not fill my own with whites from the territory of the large SRSR. When tsimu did not reveal a equal for the bridly Yakuts. In the rest, through guile, little was left for little children and pregnant women, which were served in a jar, which were only served fresh and sung by a careless dog. Like a woman of zavagіtnіє, її began to grow up with a well-killed wild game and live fish, having cooked them negainoly. Caught "sleep" riba vowed unacceptable for her. M'yaso to inspire the unfortunate viboi was respected by the unbearable little ones that spawned. It was frightened to give them a drink to feed them. They all served them well, fresher and fresher. Animal meat was prayed not to be served, and guarded, vvazhayuchi, that the horned thinness of sickness on human ailments. Silently mirkuvan sire milk and products, without taking anything from Yakutiv into your mouth: “Drink, sire!” and glidingly turned. Zvіdsi y laika: “belenehkho meskeybut” (like a virus on syrian sour), tobto neohayny. Sour milk suorat was prepared from boiled milk. They didn’t get the water from the orphan too. To the chilled looking stench they unreservedly recognized, de boiled and unboiled: water. Up to now, for the view, smell and fodder, a lot of living creatures were already surrounded by fodder. Academician Johann Georg Gmelin is clearly not worthy of the Yakuts of the past. On this occasion, about the stinkness of the stench, only the innocences were overwhelmed: dogs, cats, plazunov right up to the last woman and thinness. Maybe, that same twisted way: the information was given by shamans and snarky rhetoric about their professional secrets. At 40 - 50 rr. XX Art. (and on my special education about the help of shamans) stench directly said: “Show me the back of what you know and understand, I’ll tell that.” Others hotly recommended to drink about those with more balakuch clients.
Since not all of the scientifically developed information of all published and unpublished shamanistics, Stroganina also strayed from the largest and fattest river fishes for these reasons, that these water basins without intermediary did not pollute their waters with their waters. The gardens of the rest were by no means spread out on the banks of the great rivers. Livestock meat is always used, or only boiled and lubricated. In a different way, they behaved with horse meat and horses, for all the herds of horses trimmed on distant, short-lived wild herds. Starry їх m'yaso was respected by the garantee in the form of a wandering people. This kind of meat was boiled and lubricated mayzhe for the sake of pasteurization (“suulungui” - undercooking, saving juices). Horse meat and colt through their natural purity also went to planing. The thawed struganina with ribs and foals were taken to eat. Until recently, among the Yakuts themselves, superworts were sharpened through the assessment of the natural purity of the sour ribs of a different type. Small place to navit like "simahit". The main saviors of the “sim” were the outlying regions. And how did they spread the culture of "Sima" according to archaeological excavations the central Yakut dirіngovtsі appeared and Kuullati ureh znakhіdki put the end of the huskies “simahit”. The technology of fermentation of ribs and meat, appeared, the Yakut people were superbly successful: they didn’t trap the sourness in the form of sourness similar to sourness in canned food. About the masterne koristuvannya technology sauerkraut can be evidence and preparation by the Yakut people of the past few times they were cut off for arrows. Remain diyali mayzhe yak kurape.
Different sounds
1. People, be it a shamanic profession, were not allowed to visit holy places and urochistas every day. Їhnya appearing at the saints and the urochistas included up to the number of filthy signs.
2. Below not entering the gifts. If they were bestowed, then in the front, tapping the winds on the metal stone. We’ll dull our eyes at the sight of a dog that I gave.
3. In case of some vipadkah, it was customary to give a bulk to someone only with the side of the hilt, trimming yourself for the wind. In vipadkah vikliku for single combat (duel), the deputy of the European throwing mittens on the pidlog stretched out to the enemy lower winds forward.
4. With a knife, a palm tree, a pike, a pitchfork, that all the hosts fought to destroy the fire and fire at the fire, the fire and the fireplace.
6. It was important to imaginatively treat the guests with a scapular brush and a part of the shoulder, which is called colduk.
7. Razparenikh horses, wrestlers, bіgunіv "vyv'yazuvali" until reaching, not giving a droplet to drink. Konov'yaz serge buv inventions, sob spitnіly kіn not sighing until the snow is reached. When the rules of “waving” were violated, the parennih had a cold ailment, which is important to change, “urut” (opiy). With this ailment, we are blamed for the chronic carry-over from the burning pegs of the horses. Zipsovannyh horses with ailments hurried to cut for meat.
8. It was respected by the kaerimim selenium Also ruining and digging graves.
Behind the names of the Yakutians, I had a lot of practice accumulated for a long time. For more specific, concise statements, supported by specific sponsors, I can continue the publications.
Individuals of Russia. "Live together, get rich with life"Multimedia project “Faces of Russia” was founded in 2006, telling about the Russian civilization, the most important feature of living together, being overwhelmed by life - such a motto is especially relevant for the spaciousness of our country. From 2006 to 2012, within the framework of the project, we created 60 documentaries about representatives of various Russian ethnic groups. Also, 2 cycles of radio programs “Music and songs of the peoples of Russia” were created - over 40 programs. An illustration of the almanac was released for the support of the first series of films. At once, we are on the verge of creating a unique multimedia encyclopedia of the peoples of our country, a sign that allows the inhabitants of Russia to know for themselves and the bastards to deprive the recesses of the picture of how stinky the boules are.
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"Persons of Russia". Irpin. "Yakutia - Siberia to Siberia", 2011
Zagalni vіdomostі
YAK'UTHI(from the Evenki yakolci), Sakha (self-name), one of the most important Turkic peoples, the people of Russian Federation(380.2 ths. osib), the main population of Yakutia (365.2 ths. osib). According to the Population Census of 2002, the number of Yakuts, who live on the territory of Russia, is 443 thousand 852 individuals;
Yakuts live in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as in Irkutsk and Magadan regions, Khabarovsk and Krasnoyarsk Territory. On Taimir and in the Evenk Autonomous Okruz. Yakuts become about 45 people of the population of the Republic of Sakha.
The main groups of Yakutiv are Amginsky-Lensky (between Lenoy, lower Aldan and Amgoy, as well as on the adjoining left bank of the Oleni), Vilyuysky (in the Vilyui pools), Olekminsky (in the Olekma pools), pivnichny (in the tundra zone, the Anabar basin, Oleny river) , Indigirka). To speak to the Yakut my Turkic group of the Altai sim'ї, what can I say to the group of words: central, volyuyskaya, pivnіchno-zahіdnu, taymirskaya. Viruyuchi - Orthodox.
The ethnogenesis of the Yakuts took the fate of the Tunguska population of the taiga Siberia, and the Turkic-Mongolian tribes, settled in Siberia in the 10-13 centuries and assimilated the Mist population. The ethnogenesis of the Yakuts ended before the 17th century.
Prior to the beginning of contacts with the Russians (1620s), the Yakuts were divided into 35-40 exogamous "tribes" (Dion, Aimakh, Russian "volosts"), the largest - Kangalastsy and Namtsy on the left bank of the Deer, Megintsy, Borogontsy, Betuntsy, Baturustsy Deer and Amgoyu, which were available up to 2-5 thousand. osib.
For archeological and ethnographic tributes, the Yakuts were formed in the aftermath of the pivdennim Turkic migrants of the Mist tribes of the middle flow of the Lenya river. It is admitted that the rest of the wind of the ancient ancestors of the Yakuts penetrated the Middle Lena in the XIV-XV centuries. During the process of resettlement to Skhidny Sibir, the Yakot mastered the pools of the avian rivers of Anabar, Olenka, Yani, Indigirka and Kolimi. The Yakuts modified the Tungus reindeer, created the Tungus-Yakut type of draft reindeer.
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The tribes often warred among themselves, divided into other tribal groups - "batkivsky canopies" (aga-uusa) and "mother's canopies" (іye-uusa), tobto, mabut, viskhіdnі to the different squads of the great-grandfather. They founded the sound of the grave, that the sound was replaced by a sack, dedicated to the lads, collective fishing (at the pivnoch - catching geese), lodging, exchanging gifts (belekh). I saw the Viysk aristocracy - the toyoni, who looked after the family for the help of the elders and acted as the Viysk leaders. The stinks were made slaves (kulut, bokan), 1-3, rarely up to 20 people per family. Slaves were small families, often lived in small yurts, people often served in the military squad of the toion. Professional merchants appeared - this is the name of the town (those are the people who traveled to the place). Khudoba tried private vlasnosti, myslivsky, shepherd ugiddy, sons and others. - it is more important for the community. The Russian administration has started to slander the development of private power on the sinful earth. Under the Russian government, the Yakuts were divided into "birth" (aga-uusa), which were called by the chosen "princes" (kines) and united in naslіgi. The vibornium "grand duke" (ulakhan kinees) and the "clan's administration" of the clan foremen stood on the choli naslіgu. The community members were chosen to give birth and descend on the last day (munni). Nasligs were united in ulus on choli with a chosen ulus with a head that "third-party administration". Other tribes attacked: Meginsky, Borogonsky, Baturussky, Namsky, Zakhidno - and Skhidno-Kangalasky ulus, Betyunsky, Batulinsky, Ospetsky naslegs and others.
The traditional culture is mostly represented by the Amgian-Lena and Vilyui Yakuts. Pivnichni Yakuts are close in culture to the Evenks and Yukagirams, Olekminsks are strongly acculturated by the Russians.
The inclusion of the Yakuts to the warehouse of the Russian state in 1620-1630 accelerated their socio-economic and cultural development. In the 17th-19th centuries, cattle breeding (raising horned thinness and horses) was the main occupation of the Yakuts;
The main traditional occupations are horse riding (in Russian documents of the 17th century, Yakuts were called "kinny people") and the breeding of great horned thinness. People watched over the stones, horned thinness- Women. Deer were bred at the pivnoch. The thinness was trimmed on the daily feed, the collection at the khlivs (hotons). Sinokosinnya was in the house before the arrival of the Russians. The Yakut breeds of thinness were resurrected by vitrivality, but they were unproductive.
Bulo rozvinene also fishing. They caught fish in the main stream, but also in the opolonci; In the autumn, a collective neіdba ruled over the distribution of vidobutka among the participants. For bіdnyakіv, yakі mali thinness, fishing was the main occupation (in the documents of the 17th century, the term "fishing" - balixite - gets used to the meaning "bіdnyak"), the deyak tribes also specialized in it - so called "pishi Yakuti" - osekuї, ontuli, koku , Kirikians, Kirghidians, Orgoti and others.
The hunting was especially widened in the pivnochi, the camps here mostly ate food (pisets, hares, deer, elk, birds). Before the arrival of the Russians, the tayzi had seen it like a m'yasne, and hutrove watering (wizard, elk, squirrel, fox, hare, birds and others.), Nada, through a decrease in the number of animals, the value fell. Characteristic specific methods of watering: with a beak (hopefully sneak up to a vidobutka, hovayuchis for a beak), a streak of a beast following, sometimes with dogs.
It was necessary to select - the selection of pine and modrin sapwood (inner ball of measles), which was harvested for the winter in dried look, root (saran, chased that іn), greenery (wild cibula, horseradish, sorrel), raspberries were not planted in jagіd, which were impure .
Farming (barley, lesser wheat) was more advanced among the Russians in the 17th century, until the middle of the 19th century it was even weaker; yogo wide (especially in the Olekminsky district) was taken by Russian migrants.
The bula was made of wood trimming (artistic carving, decorated with wild vines), birch bark, hutra, shkiri; zі shkіri robbed utensils, from kinsk and cowhide skins, sewn in shah's order - kilimki, from hare hutra - kovdri and іn; Cords were tapped from the kinsky hair with their hands, weaved, embroidered. Spinning, weaving, and felting continued throughout the day. The production of stucco ceramics was preserved, as the Yakuts saw among the other peoples of Siberia. The smelting and forging of the hall, which had a small commodity value, were smelted and carved, srіbla, midi and іn., from the 19th century - rіzblennya according to mammoth brushes.
The tops were carried over importantly, the vestages were transported in bulk. Bulls in the house lie, pіdbitі kіnsky kamus, sleigh (silіs siarga, pіznіshe - sleigh like Russian firewood), harnessed sound at bikіv, on pіvnochі - reindeer straight-sleds; types of chovnіv zagalnі z evenki - birch bark (ti) or flat-bottomed z boards; the windows of the ship-karbasi are in position with the Russians.
Winter settlements (kіstik) were scattered near the Kosoviks, formed from 1-3 yurts, in summer - for pastures, there were up to 10 yurts. The winter yurt (booth, dіє) is small with shabby walls made of standing thin decks on a straight-cut slab frame and a low double-walled frame. The walls were smeared with tombs of clay with pus, and on top of the flooring, which had been crushed from logs, they were covered with bark and earth. The budinok was placed on the sides of the light, the entrance was on the opposite side, the windows - at the pivdenniy and the zahіdnіy, they were oriented from the pivnіchі to pivdnі. Right-handed at the entrance, in the pivnіchno-skhіdny kutku, the fire (dry) was vlashtovuvalos - a pipe with poles, smeared with clay, which went out through the names. Uzdovzh walls were bolstered by plank nari (oron). We will most honor the pivdenno-zahіdny kut. The white of the windy wall was a housey place. Nari levoruch at the entrance were assigned to young people, pracіvnikіv, right-handed, white bellies - for women. A stіl (ostuol) and stools were placed at the front kutka. From the pivnіchny side to the yurt, there was a shed, often under one dash with a life, the doors to the new yurt were behind the fire. In front of the entrance to the yurt, a blue hovering hung. The yurt was honed with a low nasip, often with parkanchik. There was a horseshoe on the booth, often embellished with ornaments. Summer yurts were little shaken in winter. Instead of a hoton, a shed for calves (titic) was set up, hung that іn. The end of the spore was covered with poles, covered with birch bark (urasa), on pivnoch - with turf (kaliman, holuman). From the end of the 18th century in the house of richly shaped zrubn yurts with a pyramidal palace. In the other half of the 18th century, Russian huts expanded.
The traditional man's and woman's attire - short shkiryan pants-natazniki, sly shawl, shkiryan legs, single-breasted kaptan (sleep), vzimka - hutryany, vltka - from kіnskoy or cow's shkіri outwardly in the middle, for bagatih - from fabric. Lately, fabric shirts with a folding cloak (irbahi) appeared. The men were worn with a shkiryan belt with a knife and flint, at the rich - with silver and copper plaques. Characteristic female spring hutryan dovgy kaptan (sangiyakh), embroidered with chervonim and green cloth and gold lace; a shaggy woman’s hat from an expensive farm, which goes down to her back and shoulders, with a high cloth, oxamite or brocade top, sewn on a new silver plaque (tuosakhta) and other embellishments. Wider women's silver and gold embellishment. Zuttya - winter high boots made of reindeer or women's skins of a common name (eterbes), summer boots with soft coats (saari) with a freebie covered with cloth, for women - with appliqué, dovgі khutryany panchokhi.
The main hedgehog is dairy, especially inflow: from mare's milk - koumis, from cow's milk - sour milk (suorat, smittya), tops (kuercheh), oliya; they drank butter with melted abo with koumiss; suorat was prepared for the winter in a frozen viglyadі (tar) with additional yagіd, root and іn; from new water, boroshna, root, pine sapwood and other. Yushka (butugas) was being prepared. Ribna їzha played a leading role for the bіdnyakіv th near the prіvnіchnyh districts, de bouve thinness, the meat got accustomed to the rich richness. Horse meat was especially valued. At the 19th century, it was not difficult to enter barley at the vzhivvannya: fresh cakes, pancakes, yushka-salamat were made from it. Vegetables were grown in the Olekminsky district.
Sim'ya is small (kergen, al). Until the 19th century wealthy women were preserved, moreover, the squads often lived in peace and led their own kingdom. Kalim folded out of thinness, part of yogo (kurum) was assigned to a spring banquet. For the bridegroom they gave a dowry, which, for the price, folded close to half of the kalima, - mostly clothes stuffing.
In the other half of the 18th century, most of the Yakuts were brutalized before Christianity, and shamanism was also saved.
In the life of the Yakuts, religion played a leading role. Yakuts respect themselves to children of a good spirit, to believe that they can become spirits. Vzagali, Yakut from the very conception of excrement by spirits and gods, in the form of such wines to fall. May all the yakuti think about the pantheon of gods. Obov'yazkovy rite - anniversaries to the spirit of fire at the urochistih vipadkas of nature's bosom. Shrines of the sacred, burn, trees, rivers are vshanovuyutsya. Blessing (algis) is often є with prayers. Yakut shhoroku svyatoy religiyne holy "Isiah". The ancient epic "Olonkho", which is passed down from generation to generation by confirmations, is included in the list of the All-World's Intangible Heritage of UNESCO. The other famous self-proclaimed cultural phenomenon is the so-called Yakut lower. I use the nameless regional variations of the Yakut knife, but in the classic version of the veins - a blade with a length of 110 to 170 mm, planted on a wooden handle, cut from a birch burl with skins.
Orthodoxy expanded in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Christian cult has come down with faith in good and evil spirits, the spirits of dead shamans, the spirits-masters and others. Yuryung ayi toyon, lower - Ala buurai toyon ta in. The cult of the female deity of kinship Ayysyt is important. Horses were sacrificed to the spirits near the upper world, cows were sacrificed to the lower world. It’s sacred to the smut - spring-summer kumisne is holy (Isiah), which was accompanied by twisting kumis from great wooden goblets (choroon), games, sports magic and other. Shamanism is a confession. Shaman tambourines (dungur) are close to Evenki ones. In folklore, there is a heroic epic (olonkho), which was recitative with special tales (olonkhosut) at the great gathering of the people; historical retellings, fairy tales, especially fairy tales about creatures, sayings, songs. Traditional musical instruments- jew's harp (khomus), violin (kiriimpa), drums. Three dances widened round dance osuokhai, playful dances and ing.
School education was conducted from the 18th century of the Russian mine. Yakut language writing from the middle of the 19th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the intelligentsia is being formed.
In 1922, the Yakutsk ARSR was created, in 1990 - the Republic of Sakha, Yakutia. In the countryside, places are growing, craftsmanship and farming are developing, in the 1930s and 40s of Yakutia, settlements near new settlements. Vinikla merezha middle and high initial mortgages. Literature is seen in Yakutia, periodicals are published, television programs are broadcast.
V.M. Ivanov
YUKAG'IRI, odul, vadul (self-name - "mighty, strong"), etel, etal (Chukotka), omoki (old Russian), the people of the Russian Federation. Number 1.1 thousand. Cholovik. Live near Nizhnyokolimsky (tundra Yukagіri, abo vadul) and Verkhnyokolimsky (taєmnichі Yukagіri, abo odul) districts of Yakutia (about 700 individuals), as well as Alaikhivsky and Anadirsky districts of the Magadan region. Following the data of the Population Census of 2002, the number of Yukagirs, who live on the territory of Russia, becomes 1 thousand. 509 osib, for tribute to the 2010 census. - 1 yew. 603 individuals.
To speak in isolated Yukagir language, dialects - tundra and taiga. Writing from the 1970s on the Russian graphic basis. The Russian language is also wider (the native 46% of Yukagiriv), Yakutsk, Evensk and Chukotka are also wider. Viruyuchi is more importantly orthodox.
Most of the survivors succumb to the Yukagirs of the oldest population of Northern Siberia, who also took the fate of the formation of other Paleo-Asian peoples. Settlement in the 1st-2nd thousand years near the Siberian Siberia of the Tungus (Evenki and Eveni) and Turkic (Yakut) peoples led to a rapid ethnic territory of Yukagiriv and their private assimilation. At the hour of the arrival of the Russians in the middle of the 17th century, the Yukagir occupied the territory from Indigirka to Anadir, they had 4.5-5 thousand. people and became kіlka of tribal groups ("rodіv"): yandintsі (yangіntsi), onondi, kogime, omoki, alaї (alazeї)), shoromba, olyubentsi, khomoroi, anauli, khodintsі, chuvantsі, omolontsі and іn. to a sharp shortness of the number of Yukagir. Until the end of the 17th century, Yukagir had 2535 marks, in the 1st half of the 18th century - 1400-1500 marks, in 1897 - 948 marks, in 1926-27 - less than 400 marks.
The main traditional occupations are drinking and nomadic fishing for wild deer (tundra Yukagiri), elk, deer and mountain ram (taєmnі Yukagіri), among the taiga Yukagir - also lake and river fishing, among the tundra - reindeer transport. The tops of the reindeer were worn to the vletka, the vzimka - to the arch-sleds. The tundra Yukagirs had wider dog sleds. On the water, they crossed on birch bark, dovbanih or plank chants, on the snow - on the footed kamus licks, on the crust - on the barren.
The old dwelling place of Yukagir was shaped like dugouts-chandali, the bones of which were saved at the time of the arrival of the Russians, by the moons - until our time. In the old taiga, the Yukagirs lived in the end kurens with thin logs, broken with turf, or in tents with cow or red carpets. The chum was scorched by the central center, one or two transverse poles were hung over it for lifting boilers, drying clothes, and drying ribeye and meat. There were also large zrubn yurts, similar to the Yakut ones, in the tundra regions - behind the evens of the cylindrical-conical plague. Gospodarskom sporuds served as komori and labasi on stovpah. Most of the modern Yukagirs live near the big houses near the villages of Andryushkino and Kolimsk (Verkhnekolimsky district), Nelemne and Ziryanka (Nizhnyokolimsky district), Markov (Magadan region) and іn.
The traditional dress is close to Evenk and Even. The main dress is an eagle kaptan with a collar up to the knee with underlays, which are tied with tasms, and with an inner fold on the back, an inlet - from a rovduga, a bribe - from deer skins. Long "tails" from seal skins were sewn to the back: for men - bifurcated at the back, for women - from the sides. A bib was put on under the captan, short trousers, a collar - shkiryans, a vzimka - khutryany. The men wore a belt over a captan with a knife and a pouch. In return for the beast they wore a long scarf made of white tails. There was a wider winter jacket from rovduga, close in cut to Chukchi fireplaces and kitchenettes. Summer vzuttya - with rovduga, with legs, straps, which are tied at the quilt and ankles, vzimku - high torbasi from deer kamusіv, panchokha from deer or hare farm. The woman's clothes were light, sewn from the richly colored farm of young deer. The Svyatkovy robe was embellished with deer hair embroidery, beads, cloth oblyamivka, expensive farmwork, appliqué. Boulli wider srіbnі, mіdnі and zalіznі adorn - kіltsya, plaques and іn; characteristic embellishment of women's breastplates - "breast sun" - a large silver plaque.
The main hedgehog - meat and fish - boiled, dried, frozen. The meat was prepared in reserve - dried and then smoked and ground into powder. Riba was taken from the yukoli, stovchenoy on gunpowder, vzymka її cooked with deer blood or pine sapwood (anil kerile); boiled fish with berries and fat (kullibakha). Rib'yachі rots and caviar were smeared, shortcakes were baked from the caviar. Vletka їli fermented fish, gortayuchi її on doba in the leaves of the husk. They also planted wild cybula, locust roots, berries, and mushrooms on the waters of Yakutia and Eveny. A fly agaric was planted as a vivacious zasib, smoked tyutyun, leafing thyme, brewed tea and birch growths.
Sim'ya is great, importantly matrilocal, patrilineal decline. They justified zvicha levirata, uniqueness (taboo on confusing a father with a friendly son and a bride-to-be). From the end of the 19th century, the Kalim Institute expanded.
A great role was played by the voices, tied up with fire: it was hard to pass the fire from the fire to third parties, to pass between the middle and the head with this thinly. Traditional vіruvannya - the cult of spirits-lords, the supreme heavenly god Hoyle (angry with the Christian cult), crafty creatures (especially elk), witch cult, cult of fire, spirits of ancestors. There were statements about the subdivision of the all-world to the upper, middle and lower worlds ("earths"), the dawn of the world, shamanism. The bodies of the dead shamans were dismembered, the skulls were taken from the booth like a shrine. The main saints are spring (Shahadzіbe), vesіllya, in the distance watering, walk thinly. - they were accompanied by songs, dances, chanting, shamanic rituals. Until the 20th century, pictographic writing on birch bark (tosi, shongar-shoril) was saved. The main genres of folklore are retellings, descriptions and fairy tales. The main dances are circular (longdol) and the boys' traditional dances - "Swan". Christianity has flourished since the 17th century.
The former Yukagirs are engaged in crafty trade, fishing, deer farming. The intelligentsia appeared. The tribal communities - "Chayla" ("Svitanok") and "Yukagir", he saw the Yukagir territory, traditional for the state's activity, are hoping for a financial support.
In 1992, the Rada of Elders and the Fund for the Revival of the Yukagir People were created.
Live in harmony with nature, live with yourself, show off traditions, and don’t be afraid of changes - everything is about the Yakuts, one of the largest brewery peoples of Russia.
Yakuts (self-name Sakha abo Sakhalar) as a people appeared as a result of the mixing of the Turks with the peoples who lived near the middle flow of the Deer. It is important that the ethnic cohesion of the Yakuts was formed before the XIV-XV centuries. Tim is no less, I will continue the process without completion: as a result of the nomadic way of life, the whole people constantly moved, pouring new blood into the nation, for example, Evenkiysk.
The Yakuts are considered to be of the Pivnichno-Asian type of the Mongoloid race. Rich in why their culture and traditions are similar to those of the Central Asian Turkic peoples, but also deaks of vіdmіnnostі. Mova Yakutiv to enter at the Altai family and lie down to the Turkic pastors.
Patience, arrogance and high practicality - the national rice of the Yakuts: no matter how harsh the climate is, and how important it is to die life, the plow calmly went to graze the thinness and shout the style of the non-dyachny land. The climate is also embracing the national costume: the Yakut girls wear fur coats on the wedding day.
To the main crafts of the Yakuts one can see horse riding, fishing and fishing. In our time, it is problematic to progoduvatsya similar occupations, so it’s a lot of yakutіv zadіyanі at the garnish of the shoe industry, even if this region is rich in diamonds.
The Yakuts are a traditionally nomadic people, so they lived in the stink of a vicorous yurt, which is easy to pick up.
But don’t hurry to show yourself the appearance of a booth, similar to those that the Mongols will be: the Yakut yurt is broken from a tree and may be covered with a cone shape.
The yurt has a lot of veils, under the skin, among them, the bedrooms are covered. The sunbeds are surrounded by partitions, which are small "kіmnati", the heart of the yurt is a daubed fire. In the heat of the time of rock, there will be nedogovichny birch bark yurts, as they call urasami. Not all Yakuts are comfortable in yurts;
Traditional worship is holy
For the Yakut viruvans, it is more typical to fight to the nature like to the mother, love and love to her. When tsimu є y vіdnosinah z dovkillam and as if "unsimilar" externality: nature is taken as a potoybіchnu force, with which it is not possible to turn back. Everything that exists in the thought of Sakha has the soul of that strength. And the rites of the Yakutiv poklikani to make a hundred women among the numerical spirits and the people.
Sakha has his own, satisfied with the cicava, an explanation of the occurrence of natural disasters: the stench is blamed, to cleanse the wounds of the evil spirits of the mist.
In such a rite, split or singed with a glare, the tree is pure in the face of any filth and you can heal.
Goddess Aan is of great significance, the patroness of all living things, who helps people, growths and creatures to grow and multiply. The ritual of offerings for Aan to pass on the spring.
One of the most important spirits in the Yakut tradition is the master of the road. Yogos are encouraged to appease with small offerings: on the cross, put a little hair, coins, pieces of cloth and gudziki.
No less important lord lead, give to whom it is accepted to bring two to the river: autumn and spring. The stench is made up of a birch bark, on which the image of a person is woven, the one tied to her shmatochkіv fabrics, the line is thin. You can’t throw knives at the water, needles and other hospitality items: you can create and image the owner of the water.
Gospodar ignited the old and sivolas, yogo recognized - vygnannya evil spirits. Fire, as a symbol of light and heat, the plow was constantly shaking. They were afraid to extinguish it and carried it to a new place in the miners, the shards are still warm in the half-light - this house is known to be a zahist.
Baai Baiyanai - the spirit of the fox - a helper for everything that is worth watering. Deyakikh creatures Yakutishche in ancient times were chosen as sacred, the closest to Baai, and they put a taboo on their driving and living. Before such creatures lay the goose, the swan, the ermine. The king of the birds is the eagle. The head of the middle of the zvіrіv i naishanovanіsh of the middle of the Yakutiv buv vedmіd. And in our hour, there is a lot of someone to believe in the miraculous power of amulets from yoga pazurov or teeth.
The root of the Yakut saints sing the ancient rites, among the most important Ysyakh is respected, which is counted on the cob of the summer. At the holy hour, near the young birches on the galyavin, they roam the horse-breath. In our time, I will be associated with the friendship of all peoples who live on the territory of Yakutia, earlier it symbolized the Holy tree. Ysyakh is a family day and is celebrated by people of a different age.
An important part of the holy is sprinkled with fire with koumiss, and then we turn to the Deities with prohannyam about sending such blessings, like good luck, the world is thin. Yakuts put on a traditional costume, prepare national costumes, drink kumis. At the time of the meal, it is necessary to sit obov'yazkovo at the same table with all the family, close or distant relatives. Isiah - more holy with dances, round dances, wrestling at wrestling, pulling clubs, archery.
Family rites and traditions
Today's Yakut family is little affected by the average Russian. Until the 19th century, the Sakha had a wider wealth. In line with the Yakut traditional model of family, the skin of the squads lived okremo, reaching the free way of life, pobutu, statehood. The yakuts willed to tie the knots to themselves at 16-25 years. If the family of the betrothed went to woo to the father of the betrothed, the Kalim would cry for the girl. In a vapadku, like naming, I’ll be called, I’ll name it in a moment, and pennies “vіdpratsyuvati” pіznіshe.
For the Zahistu Budinka, that thinness in the form of psuvannya, prestige, evil spirits and dosi in such uluses, a whole series of entrances are being implanted. For afar, you can think of such a meaning, it would be used, dribnitsy, like an ornament on clothes, "correct" embellishment, especially stuffing. Some snakes are not enough, so it is necessary to carry out special rites, from such plows you can make a good harvest, increase the number of thinness, and give birth to healthy children.
Great is the significance of the old sounding traditions. Women cannot marvel at the enchanting stone Sat, which you know in the shoes of the baked creatures and birds, otherwise you will waste your strength. Sat zagortayut at the birch bark and kinsky hair, cherish like the apple of an eye, even for yoga you can call for wood, wind, snow for help. First, it is especially important in times of dry weather, even if the soil is rich in origin, in which it should be deposited due to timely watering.
Tsіkavі facts about Yakuts and Yakutia
The most famous repository of Yakut folklore is the epic olonkho, which is respected by the view of poetry, but for the sounds it will sooner guess the opera. Zavdyaks of the ancient mysticism of olonkho, up to our time, there have been a lot of folk Yakut sayings. The contribution of olonkho to the folklore of the peoples of the world is so great that in 2005 roci yoga was included in the list cultural recession UNESCO.
One of the most popular Yakutian herbs is struganina: thinly sliced frozen fish.
The area of Yakutia is larger than the area of Argentina.
Approximately a quarter of the way to the light diamond booth in the settlement of Yakutia.
More than forty hundred square meters of territory of Yakutia are located behind the Pivnichny Polar stake.
If a zukor eats the meat of a bear, before the cob of the meal the stench inherits the cry of a crow. In this order, the stinks are protected in the spirit of a bear, seeing themselves as birds.
Yakut horses graze on their own, the shepherd does not look after them.
In important minds of the permafrost, the Yakuts conceived sovereignty, brought frost-resistant breeds of cows and horses adapted to the nature of the pivnіchnoy, created a unique artistic and philosophical epos olonkho. Developing universally, the people have changed their positions and become stronger from the advent of a new hour.
Areal of roses every day
It is impossible to forget that the people of Yakutia look like nomads, but behind the legend they once knew the valley, ideal for living, was named Tuymaada. Today, in the center of the її, the capital of the republic, Yakutsk, was roaring. The number of Yakuts is large in the Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk and Khabarovsk regions of the Russian Federation, and the largest number can be seen in the area of their long-standing residence, the Republic of Sakha.
The words "Yakut" and "Sakha" for one version look like one wild, more early understanding, like a broadening like a self-name. From the other side, it is said that the first people were called the people of other ethnic groups, and Sakha stinks themselves.
Having established the center at the place of the present rebuking, the Yakuts continued to expand the living area with the help of the history of the Yakuts. Rushing to Siberia, the stench mastered and thoroughly trained the reindeer, vibrating their team techniques. As a result, it took root far away and in quiet places.
History and journey
Populism was formed in the 14th-15th centuries. It is accepted that the Kurikans from Transbaikalia moved to the middle part of the Lena River, visiting their Tungus and other “moon” nomads. Even though the groups often united, they created interrelations of a businesslike nature, even though the conflicts did not cease to be spalled.
Well, there were a lot of toinivs (leaders), who became famous for their unanimous sentiments. Trying to strangle internal rebellions, as well as to calm down the outer enemies (competitors for the pastures of that land), they trotted around trying to feed the aggressive way - onuk Badzhey toyon Tigin. Prote rapist methods were no longer far away from the Yakuts and other nationalities, forcibly resisting.
The turning point in history was the arrival of the territory to the Russian state, as it happened in 1620-30 pp. With the development of that progress, at the skin door of the booth (life) there was a tapping of Orthodoxy. The curious methods of those who, having adopted baptism, and punishment for the addicts, the faith of their fathers, reached their goal - most of the Yakuts adopted a new religion.
That culture will beat the people of Yakutia
The Yakuts have learned to live with important minds, and the traditions that speak to the people are dictated by these factors, which they have adopted. Roztashovani to a distant country of life, did not appear on the social activity of representatives of the people.
After the end of the life of the elders, it was about telling the young generation - on the sleeping saints and at the hour of the rituals, friendship was established, and when the territories were divided, the enemies appeared. The people do not rejoice in peacefulness. A long time ago, the call to watering, the fight for life, and in the meantime, behaving in defense (cibula) created minds for conflicts between other ethnic groups of roztashuvannya.
Sim'yu well shanuvali spokonviku, in the poshani it was and was left older than the generation. Before them, do not put with condescension, as if they were trapping in to the current world, now - they are respected for the great life of honor, they hear them, set them up and respect them more for the honor of accepting them in your home.
Zhytlo Yakutiv
At home, a folk yurt served here - a farce. I was there looking at the trapezium from young logs, and the cracks between them were stuffed with pus, shavings and turf. The shape of the walls, which expands to the ground, made it possible to economically and quickly heat up the place with pichchyu-hut-brick, as it was expanded in the center. The vikon did not bulo, but the small ones were opened, and it was easy to close them.
Birch bark was made for everyday life, creating urasa - seasonal living. She stood not far from the booth. Before her, they couldn’t bear all the speeches, even though winter turned around much sooner. The yurt bula was rounded off with a cone-shaped slab of doors. Along the perimeter, bedrooms were laid out, sometimes with symbolic partitions. There was no stove here - fire was lit on the ground, so that we would smoke straight through the opening at the top.
Odyag
On the back of my head I used a cloak to protect the body in the cold, to which they sewed from the skins of dead creatures. Having mastered animal husbandry, the skins of domestic animals came to change. Belts and pendants from metals served as an aesthetic component on aphids of the great virobu z hutra. So majstrins were dressed in combinations of colors and comradeship of the hutra, so that on the shoulders or sleeves there were decorations, which can be seen. Later, fabrics and embroidery began to be embroidered. Influence of colors brightened the diversity, reflecting the riot of nature.
The classic set was:
- a cunning hat, sewn on burn or with an insert of fabric;
- fur coat, fastened with a metal belt;
- pants;
- knitted lined scarves.
Zuttya, those mittens robbed in the same way, not forgetting about those hands and feet that freeze in front of us.
Yakut cuisine
Zvajayuchi on the mind of the vigilance, the products of the eating of the creature's journey were vicorous - in the form of ribs, birds (polyvannya), cows, horses, or deer were not left behind and after cooking. Everything went well:
- meat;
- rot;
- head;
- shelter.
Soupi was boiled from the most common products, they were quenched, ground into liver. Dairy products occupied a special place in the diet. Among them, there was a drink at the budinka - ayran, sourat, a dessert - a chokhoon, and also a sire that olії.
One of the most important ways of cooking is freezing. You can’t do without it in Siberia, for that yakut can boast of such a grass, like a struganina (formerly “struganina”). Riba (chir, nelma, muskun, omul ta іnshі) or deer meat was frozen in a natural medium and served on a table near the thinnest layers or shavings. Bula thought out and "makanina", yak gave relish to the orphan product. The won was made up of the sum of salt and ground pepper 50/50.
Who was worshiped by the Yakuts from ancient times
Irrespective of the adoption of Christianity, the culture of Yakutia, as before, is closely tied to these canons of faith, as laid down in them by their ancestors. Behind the instructions to the people, the skin is an element of nature and the spirit of the lord, who calls out fear and valor. Like a victim, they were devoured with kіnske hair from a mane, klapti cloth, gudziki and coins. Ruled by patrons:
- road - vіn vkazhe shlyah i dopomozhe not zbitis z route;
- water - through it you can’t throw into the rivers below, or gostrі tsibulі, and for the offerings, a small birch bark choven with a symbol of a person in the middle;
- lands - the spirit of the female family, which is revered for the kinship of all living things;
- wind - shored the earth from the vіd vorozhnechi;
- thunder and bliskavki - as if the elements were grabbing at the tree, the leftovers were taken in by the healers;
- fire - save the world from this, to that the middle was transferred from month to month in a clay miner, so as not to put out;
- foxes - a helper for the myslivsky craft and fishing.
Promisli
In the wake of the great and strong Russia, the life of the people has changed. Bestiality flourished as before, breeders of frost-resistant breeds of cows and horses, as of today, are unique in their kind. Farming also developed, regardless of those who, in the minds of a sharply continental climate, a street thermometer for a long time stays at the sign - 40-50º, and winter takes 9 months on the river.
On another plan, there was a fishing that fishing, as if there was a rest hope on the hedgehog. The development of the state helped save the numbers of the people, the shards of Suvori winters often ended fatally. At Krizhan I get cold for a lot of kilometers outside the settlement, fighting against the frost with wild creatures, not skinless, turning home. A young family, who had no support for anyone, could have been deprived without food, and, through marriage, reserves (there was nothing for the guards), she simply perished from hunger.
The people entrusted the huskies with their own self-bred breed, and the protection of the booth - less motorized and great behind the roses, but with such the warmest "fur coat" to the Yakut dog.
The Yakut folk tradition is characterized by the chanting of sacred objects, which were in the skin and in the skin territorial group.
Nasampered, tse - konov'yazy (serge), yak vikoristovuvalis as a direct confession, and for ritual purposes. Behind the form of horses is ide stovp; as a rule, stovp konov'yazi maє sevny profile - on the new є potovshchennya, zholobi. Stovp-konov'yaz can be embellishments with small pieces and small ones, sculptures can enter into composition. In some valleys, at the upper part of the stovpa, there is a vіdgaluzhennya to make the serge look like a tree. Horses were installed at the weekdays, at the celebrations, at the people's children, entrusted from the grave for the hour of burial, at the kumis holy Isiah (at the day of the summer solstice), at the hour of the shaman's kamlan. Often the installation of a ritual horse conveys that the spirits can tie their horses to them or move into them.
In all parts of Yakutia, the sacred trees swayed and swayed. It is with the traditional blessings of the people of Sakha, in such a tree the spirit-lord of the earth Aan Dar-khan Khotun lives. Rites, dedicated to the spirit of the sovereign of the earth, were carried out with sacred trees, the tree was embellished with strings and sprinkled with kumis, with which they asked for the spirit-ruler of mysticism, as well as other good deities of the pagan pantheon for the messenger of wealth and prosperity.
In mythology, which was used in the Yakut heroic epic, the horse-idea and the light tree are shaped and established the light vertical. From the legends, in the land of the pershopred ancestor of the Yakuts, planted in the very center of the Middle World, the growth of the tree Aal Luuk Mae, the top of which sprouted at the Upper World, and the root reaches the Lower World. The top of the light tree is konov'yazzyu at the heavenly god Dzhesegey Ayii Toion - giving horses; the root of this tree is vicarious like a jack-o'-lantern in the underground booth of deities - the givers of horned thinness.
The connection of the ritual horse-drawn serge with the idea of a luminous tree is shattered when the serge is prepared from old withered trees. So konov'yazі mayut kіlka topіvok; One of the sergeant types was preserved in Bulgunnyakhtaakh Tattinsky district. On the new virizan there are figurines of a man, a horse, a cow and an eagle, which depict the deities of the Yakut pagan pantheon.
Among the Yakuts, the graves of shamans were considered sacred. In the 1920s, the ethnographer G. V. Ksenofontov described the shaman’s funeral in the following way: A famous shaman is buried above the earth, and after death, put arangas in a special case. Let's sweat (if the arangas rot and fall at the hour) the shaman's brushes will protractedly "take a breath" three times in succession for the help of three, six or nine shamans.
The grave of a shaman was considered unsafe for foreigners and instilled fear in them, who did not resemble the deceased, but died in an instant to protect their souls. For instructions, if Prince Dellemay saw the mowing of the dead shaman's son, the old man came to the funeral, starting to knock on the new stick and blessings for help. A thunderstorm began negainously, and a glimmer struck the prince's hens. He is alive, ale zbozhevoliv and after death, becoming an evil spirit.
Yakut folklore knows the riddle about natural objects endowed with supernatural powers. Tse passed (aartik), as well as river skeletons and leafy hills, which are signified by the word tumul.
During the passage of the mountain passes and the upper rivers, the Yakuts made obov'yazkovі sacrificial offerings to the spirit-masters. From the ethnographic text of the beginning of the 20th century: When you are brought to the steep Verkhoyansk Range, you can be buried in a coffin, and lamuti, and yakut, and you can speak loudly, so as not to anger the "spirit of gyr" and not call out terrible in such a time... At the top of the ridge there is a cross, all hung with coils of kіnskogo hair, wings of a chicken, etc. The lips of the icon of the Mother of God embedded in the cross are thickly greased with fat. Tse (sacrifice of the Lord's mission. Between the stones, the vshchent of the cross of the nasipani mіdnі and silver pennies.
According to the texts of the incantation of the heroic epic, the aartik passes are associated with friendly people, the bright heavenly deities of Aya (these creators). Itself through the Ayi passes to send happiness to people - souls of children, thinness and wild animals for watering.
With friendly directives, the Yakuts are vvazhayutsya shid and pivden - that is the direct vyshіdnogo and midday sun. The same from these sides of the pool The deer will burn away - to that on the pіvday that the earth at these straight lines rises to the sky.
The ethnographers of the records of the Yakutian sound of flying white horses near the mountain as a gift to the deity Yuryung Ayi Toion (the head of the pagan pantheon).
Among the sacral objects of Yakutia is a month connected with the shamanic initiation. G. V. Xenophonon wrote: It seems to be a special mountain range, where they rise in the mountains of Jokuo along the passage of Chongcheydeh Anyaga. A candidate for a shaman can be promoted there at once from the chief shaman. The teacher goes in front, and the candidate behind. The teacher instructs the candidate for an hour and shows him the path that leads to the naked misfortunes, de zherela human ailments. Itself in these places at the consecration, like a future shaman, so it is like a tour of the mountains, experiencing in your sights, the spirits spread your body: If the shaman lies unattractive, blood and body are spread at the sight of the victims in all the bidah-jerels of death and sickness according to all pidyomahs. It was important that even with such a body it was not possible to reach such a place to the spirit, which raped the ailment, in the same place the shaman could not destroy, but also, he could not excruciate the same ailments.
Spirits (like the rulers of the river mysivs and the singing mountain tracts - passes and pidyoms), as a rule, are the fortune-tellers of people. Tse yueri, so the souls of the self-destructive chi dead shamans, and one of these texts the head of the spirits that linger on the tops of the gir, the names of Uluu Toyon, the mighty head of the upper demons abaapi. To this very future shaman (in reality and in his visions) dedicate a month not alone, but at once to your sweating mentor, the soul of a dead shaman.
Obviously, at the beginning of the 21st century, traditional language teaching among the peoples of Yakutia is not as wide as it used to be. Prote, who, having destroyed the syl'sku mіstsevіst, having shown the stoicism and tact, can reveal the ancient sacral objects, as if they were koristuvalis and koristuyutsya shanuvannyam.
Crimea, in stay rocky, For the growing self-confidence of the peoples of Sakha, there is a need to revive the traditional viruvan. There will be sanctuaries, connected with the shanuvans of ancient gods and the forces of nature, rituals will be performed. So, on 22 chervnya, on the day of the summer solstice, Ysyakh is widely celebrated - an old-time holy, connected with family, cattle breeding cults, summer sun.
