Sarcasm in creation - dead souls. Poema N
lesson type: shaping know, reduce that skill.
Objectives of the lesson: 1) assign the role of irony to the concept as an element of Gogol's style; 2) analyze section 1.
Lesson Hide:
I. Organizational moment.
ІІ. Introductory word readers.
- Gogol Vikoristova at Poemi " Dead souls“irony, as if it would permeate the whole reason. What is the role of irony in the text of the author?
III. Rozmova from teaching.
– Who can help the poet “Dead Souls”?
(Pismennik. Ale is not just Gogol: we have before us a stupefying image, look at the new one, exercises, attitudes, ideals of Gogol and at once - drawings of a Russian patriot writer.)
- Where does the text of Chapter 1 Gogol talk about himself?
(At the word about a braided plaid, "as if we are friendly, we are preparing a squad with our own hands, without care with decent attitudes, how to wrap ourselves up, but unfriendly, singly, I can’t say who to rob, God knows: I never wore such plaits" and so on. )
– And even more important sign of the presence of the author is the tone of the opovіdі: іRONіya vіdchuvaєtsya vsomu raznomanіttі її vіdtіnkіv.
- Read the description of Chichikov. Where does the text describe the author's irony?
- Read the description of the tavern, know the hyperbole.
(The article at the tavern is “we live and we’re moving the flooring, which we couldn’t look at, as if in a new shape.” that there were two samovars on the vіknі, yakby one samovar was not black, like a tar beard.”)
“Read the scene at the governor’s ball. Respect the satirical argument, like a victorious author, sing.
(Resembling the guests at the governor's ball with a swarm of flies on a tsukrі. Whose twins have two plans. One is the best one: the cavalry in black tailcoats look like flies, the ladies in white cloths with glittering embellishments glisten, like ulamki tsukr on a sunny day. The other is internal: the entire provincial aristocracy is like pesky flies, the buildings "sit" all the time.)
- Gogol vikoristovu sing a parody. Reread the description of the mіskogo garden. Gogol here parodies the style of official newspaper articles, which praise the “prosperity” of Russia at the time of Mykolaiv.
- Such acts form Gogol's laughter among the poet. But why does Gogol seem to have a long time to "look at all the majestic life," look at his bright vision of light and invisible, invisible tears "?" About whom do you cry?
(Read, for example, at the setting of comrades and thin ones and we are more likely to enrich the human soul. The very same tovsts quickly work out their work and fill the screens, and the thin ones, which serve “more for special orders” and let down “on chicken goodness” - all the "color" of the Suspіlstva, tі tі, that cherish Russia)
IV. Additional studies:"About what to tell Chichikov's speeches about his ruler?", "History from the poster", "Chichikov's modern characterization".
V. Sub-bag for the lesson. One thing is clear, that our hero is a tertiary kalach, having a lot of fun with life, sensible, friendly and knows people in a bad way.
Create from Literature: Satire by N. V. Gogol's "Dead Souls"
Name of N. V. Gogol to be among the biggest names of Russian literature. In his creativity, he stands like a lyricist, like a science fiction writer, like a kazkar, and like a satiric satirist. Gogol is at once a writer, who creates the world of his “sleepy” ideal, and a writer, who reveals the “vulgarity of a vulgar person” and the “abomination” of the Russian order.
The most significant creation, the work on which Gogol looked like all his life, was the poem "Dead Souls", de vin revealing the life of Russia from all sides. It was to show to the author’s head exercises that the fundamental order, human trafficking, does not only bring lack of rights, darkness, teething for the people, that distribution of the landowner’s state itself, the stench promotes, destroys, and relieves the very human soul.
Even more credibility of the picture of the spiritual toothache and the death of the author is at the reach of the image of the provincial city and the other officials. Boil burkhliva diyalnist that ruh. Prote all this activity is no longer sound, “mechanical”, which excites the right spiritual empty. Gogol creates a fiery, grotesque image of the place, “rebellious” with sensitivity about the wondrous things of Chichikov. “...Everything came to wander, and even if it was possible for a moment to understand ... They went a little, a little, and all the place started talking about the dead souls of that governor’s donka, about Chichikov, that dead soul, about the governor’s donka, that Chichikov and everything that not є, p_dnyalosa. Like a whirlwind, doty rose, it seemed that the place was dreaming! At the same time, an important payment was hung over the mustache. At the roar of the fireworks, the postmaster shares with other "warm" remarks that Chichikov - Captain Kopeykin, and recounts the history of the rest.
Creating the image of step by step degrading Russia, Gogol does not waste any trifles and details. Navpaki, in vіn zagostryuє respect of the reader, oskіlki vpevneniy, scho z drіbnitsі add up the reality of all the navkolishnoї activity; the stink itself will sink in its own dzherelo of evil, to that one is suffocated by the death of a dirty symbolic sensation.
At his work N. V. Gogol highest rank reach me, as if formulating it like this: “... I thought that the lyrical power, which is in me, is a reserve, help me to portray it like this ... worries that the love of a Russian person will light up before them, and the power of laughter, which is in me so be a reserve, help me so fiercely portray the nedolіki, scho to hate the reader, yakbi know them from your own.
The image of Chichikov's inscriptions from this world of psychological credibility and with this exact perception of life's truth, like dozens of years, conveyed the essence of the reality of this new phenomenon. Even in the fiftieth or sixteenth years of the past century, all the signs of an honest nabuttya and entrepreneurship were exhibited, it was written about “honest Chichikovshchina”. Gogol in 1841 marveling at his hero, how much more firmly and penetratingly. Everything that happened to Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, is only a little, so to speak, a history of character. Ale won with such mysticism and with such penetration that everything far away from the hero’s lot is readable as it is absolutely natural for the development of character. Minule Chichikov explains in detail the current day.
Angered by the service career, Chichikov decided to radically change his life. Vin having thought of becoming a helper. Axis here we go to the main phase of chichikivska biography. In the epic with the “dead souls”, Chichikov’s diabolical energy and guiltiness were most clearly revealed. About the service career of the wines, I have not dreamed. Yogo's service took more than a fortune. The burial of Chichikov was called not by people, like a high dignity, but by people, like a capital. The first time in Russian literature with such miraculous plasticity was the psychology and philosophy of a financial person, a “millionaire”.
That's right, the "new" people in Russia, who called for themselves the greatest interest and cicacity. Pomіshchik vіv napіvnatural statedom Yogo zasіki broke through the excess of bread and everything that the earth robbed, but demanded pennies. Guess what, with some kind of razlyuchennyam bargaining with Chichikov for a leather copy of the "government's" helpers Korobochka and Sobakevich. Demand pennies and mіskі officials, rozmіri platnі yakoy clearly do not correspond to that wide way of life, which is the skin of them pragmatic. Embezzlement is widespread everywhere, swag, fight. Capital is the right ruler of life.
Without a family and a tribe, without ceremony invading the svitsky vitals and more and more boldly taking off from different regions suspіlnogo life noble aristocracy. Food about the power of pennies, the charm of a million seriously turbulent Russian writers on the cob of the past century. The stench commemorated the character of a person who was suffocated by cієyu charіvnistyu. But still she was going to stand on the kshtalt of Pushkin's Hermann, fooled by the "lady of spades" and god-willed. At 1835 p. Gogol, having published the first version of the "Portrait", in which the theme of pennies took on even more fantastical zabarvlennya and was directly related to the writer with devilish mana. Posilannya on the devil did not explain anything, and in 1841, as we know, Mayzhe at the same time with "Dead Souls", Gogol finished a cardinal rewriting of the story.
The fantastic element of the significant world (not without the infusion of Belinsky's criticism) was weakened and the realistic motives were strengthened. In my editorial office there is a hero, hoarding greedy pennies, ending the god's villas that death. Wu " Dead souls"taking character, for some kind of nabutt - not a callous addiction, which lama talent and life, but the essence itself, the life of that character
Among the characters in Gogol's sing "Dead Souls" Chichikov sits in a special place. Being the central (from the point of view of the plot of that composition) figure sing, the whole hero, right up to the last division of the first, is a mystery for everyone - not only for officials.
Gogol long ago dreamed of writing a TV, in "to whom all Russia would appear." It’s not enough but a grandiose description of what happened to Russia in the first third of the 19th century. The poem "Dead Souls", written in 1842, became such a creation.
In the autumn of 1835, Gogol began to work on the poem "Dead Souls", the plot of which was suggested to him by Pushkin. Gogol has long dreamed of writing a novel about Russia, and even more so to Pushkin for an idea. “I would like to show my novel at least from one ...
And would it be fun for me to fight against the useless hauler of rubbish passions, to go hand in hand with my wondrous heroes? Oh, how many times I would like to hit the strings at the launching, zahopit proudly for yourself the shanuvalniks and with the urochist zakuvat їх to your movable chariot.
Babkina Lyudmila, Ponomarova Elizaveta
Presentation "The role of irony in N. V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls""
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Scientifically significant work The role of irony in N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls" Authors: students of the 9th "a" class Babkina Lyudmila, Ponomarova Elizaveta, Scientific curator: teacher of Russian movies and literature Sideltseva Svitlana Petrivna GBOU "Gimnaziya No. 11", St. Petersburg, 2016
Obstructing the relevance of the topics THE RELEVANCE of our scientific and research work is obvious: do not live the wadi, like vikrivav N.V. Gogol at the poem "Dead Souls". For this reason, the author should go to the point of using different satirical tricks, among which we saw that they continued the irony and sarcasm. Gogol's poem is foldable for understanding, but at the same time irony and sarcasm help us to understand the author's thought and somehow visualize it. THE PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE of our scientific and research work is due to the possibility of achieving great results in their work by teachers, as well as by teaching good works of Gogol.
Basic nutrition In our scientifically advanced robots, we tried food testimonials put in the following name: What is the role of irony in the poem of N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls" ?
The hypothesis of follow-up Irony helps N.V. Gogol so "violently depict the nedolіki, scho to hate the readers" sing "Dead Souls". Bichuchi evil, the writer gives a reading of his positive ideal and wakes up to the new. Chi so tse?
The aims of the task of reaching the Meta - to increase the role of irony in N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls". Task: 1. Analysis and systematization of literary studies and methodical literature, periodicals. 2. Mastering the basic theoretical and literary understanding (satire, irony, sarcasm). 3. Applied examples that illustrate the role of irony in the poem "Dead Souls". 4. Formulation of the results of the analysis carried out. 5. Registration of work, preparation of abstracts to final submission, presentations and materials (tables, diagrams and others).
Methods of follow-up To improve the setting of the head of the victoria, the following methods of follow-up: · Research, analysis and systematization of literary scholars and methodical literature, periodicals; · Systematization and aggregation of results and developments.
Stages of follow-up and practical work The first stage is the reading and discussion of Gogol's work "Dead Souls" with the teacher, reading the literature on the problems of the study, declaring the current theoretical positions, formulating the problem (hypothesis), marking the task of the study; Another stage is the selection and analysis of the information necessary for the follow-up; The third stage is the finalization of the materials to be completed, the formulation of the drawings, the design of the work, the preparation of a table and diagrams.
Description of the robot structure. PLAN This scientifically proven work consists of the introduction, the main part, visnovkіv, translation of dzherel literature and Internet resources. At the entrance, the actuality of the choice of those is determined by the meta, task, methods and materials of the study. The main part of the work is dedicated to the role of irony in N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls". At the visnovka, the visnovka is broken, that zagalnennya. I am completing the work with a copy of the literature and Internet resources. As an addendum, schemes and illustrations are promoted.
N.V. Gogol is a great satirist. Smіh - tse zbroya, gostra, fight, for help, like a writer, all his life he fought from the "abomination of Russian activity." At the poem "Dead Souls" N.V. Gogol's Vikoristov's way of being sarcastic is sarcasm. With help from them, the author can express his position one hundred percent of what is suggested. And the reader, with his own devil, can understand his position to the main characters.
Slovnikov's robot. Satire, irony, sarcasm Satire (from Latin satira - sumish, mishanina) is a kind of comical, which polags in a beggarly osm_yannі yavisch, which the author sees as vicious. Irony (from the Greek eironeia - vdavannya) - thin, mockery attached. The comical effect is available for the help of what is said directly in the opposite direction. Let’s put it on: “quiet room with targans”, povnyannya їkh iz prune (what is calm here?); dancing, “to sit” on like a cup, like birds on a sea birch (romanticly calling out laughs). Vysochin I will describe the irony of the author. Sarcasm (from the Greek sarkadzo - tear, torment) - a special kind of comical, ironic mockery, the greater step I will show irony.
Irony in the poem "Dead Souls" by N.V. Gogol at the poem "Dead Souls" calling on the writers, in what seems to be Nekrasov's words, "to propagate kohanny with a fortune teller word." The irony permeates the whole reason, joins in thought, tell me, vikrittya. It helps to create masks of goodness and decency from the nobility. Irony is heard in the poem not only as a kind of comical pathos, but as an artistic device, tropes. Gogol umіv bachiti life krіz visible light smіkh» and invisible, invisible tears. Tobto gogolіvska irony, zreshtoyu, twofold: said from a serious looking viklikaє smіh, which really vikrivaє negative phenomena of life, on the basis of which a satirical pathos to creation is formed.
MANILOV SOBAKEVICH NIZDRIV PLYUSHKIN “One by one, my heroes follow one after another” N.V. GOGOL KOROBOCCHKA
Uzagalnennya Manilov - "neither one nor the other" (apply irony: "the state went away as if by itself", "neither in the town of Bogdan nor in the village of Selifan", "could not lure", "Temple of selfish thought"). The box - "club-headed" Nozdrev - "historical person" (amator "fortune to neighbor", "lit kuli", person "on all hands", "almost smooth, but finish the shit"). Sobakevich - "a man-fist" ("a medium-sized witch")
Irony in the created images of helpers In the main way, Gogol used to name the image of helpers - irony. A skin phrase may have a subtext, hobbies, a deep sense. Moreover, the irony is present in the promo of the author himself, and in the promo of the heroes. The description of Gogol's helpers begins with Manilov and the image of the village of Manilivka, which is not rich in buildings to "lure" their own wealth. The author describes with irony the pansky door, creations like an inherited English garden with a stake, bushes, and the inscription "Temple of the Resurrection of Thought."
Korobochka Axis stands in front of us as a helper Korobochka, as if slyly praising - all pennies, i, "so that you don’t know the beats." The protection of the Box is depicted by the author as absurd: among the faceless brown and necessary objects, the skins for lying in their place, the moths, like “you don’t need them anywhere”.
Nozdryov and Sobakevich For the ironic respect of Mikoli Vasilyovich, Nozdrev is a man who is called “all-round”, like among dogs “as much as a father among the family”. Nozdryov, as he personally respects the author of the building, “I’ll start smoothing, but finish the shit.” Gogol's irony in the image of Sobakevich, which we know in the fifth division, is more victorious. Tse "helper-fist", "thorough vedmіd", tіli like zovsіm has no soul, but there "... closed by such a tovstoy shkaralupoy ...".
The image of Plyushkin Im'ya that hero has become nominal, which signifies moral degradation and stinginess. Although in the description of the images of Gogol's other assistants he played irony, the characterization of Plyushkin is similar to sarcasm. “Such a sknar, which is important to reveal. At the v'yaznitsa, the convicts live better, anіzh vin: having starved all the people to death ... ”, - to talk about the new Sobakevich. “To such worthlessness, drib'yazkovosti, gidoti a person could go!”, - Gogol vigukuyu and calls Plyushkin “a prophet in the people”.
mustache Gogol's assistants- Characters are bright, individual, to be remembered. Ale, with all the current variability, the essence is left unchanging: the spirits of living souls, the stinks themselves have long turned into “dead souls”. Visnovok
The provincial court of irony is also mentioned in the descriptions of officials, the hypocrisy of the purity of such vismіyuє Gogol. The author's irony changes sarcasm when describing the house of the present places: “The great three-surfaced stone house, all white like a creid, is perfect for depicting the purity of the souls of the settlements, which avenged in the new; other days on the square did not show the majesty of the stone booth ... From the other and the third, the indestructible heads of the priests of Themis hung on top and in the same whilina they were hovering again ... » chosen image bureaucrats: "Shakhrai sit on Shakhrai, Shakhrai filth."
Chichikov is the central hero of the “Dead Souls” sing; Pavlo Ivanovich Chichikov
Delicate and merciful yak Manilov Helpful picker yak Korobochka Chichikov spy with helpers Might not scatter more Nozdryova Prizhimist and dilovity yak Sobakevich Don’t give up on Plyushkin’s charitableness
Close Chichikov and before the officials of the district NN. Yogo, like that of other sovereign servants, never praises the interests of the country, does not feel like a "hulk of his own land." Prote "lord, the buyer," as ironically calling Chichikov Gogol is not a pragmatic clerk, as such - the service borrows more than that, as a profit. Chichikov will be on his own well-being on other people's fights, deceit, health. Vin is obsessed with only one idea - to become a "millionaire", to know peace and prosperity. From your lack of spirituality and greed, make such a "dead" himself, like the postal assistants and officials. Chichikov and officials
“I laugh at the cry of tears ...” Gogol's irony is self-sufficient. Belinsky wrote that Gogol's comedy is a legacy of "a wise look of life, that Yogo has a lot of bitterness and bitterness". Depicting the negative aspects of today's Russian life, creating a number of comical and irritating types, laughing at the "vulgarity of a vulgar person", Gogol at that very hour mentally summed up at that moral downfall, like a real yoga hero. Smіh Gogol spovneniy bitterness and deep pity for people who have lost their human likeness. To the very same poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" - tse "on the back of the head, we sweat summarily."
On the basis of the conducted investigation, we can confirm that our hypothesis was confirmed again. At the house of N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" irony plays an important role. Ironic pathos, artistic and stylistic acceptance, which you can enhance, create a unique coloring of creation. The main object of the poet's image of irony is the deformation of morality and vdach. Visnovok
Carrying out the analysis, allowing us to create such visnovki. The irony brings creation in the poem "Dead Souls" of the necessary emotional background, which allows revealing the subtle peculiarities of the nature of the skin hero, vindicating their shortcomings and formulating the reader's negative attitude towards them. Bichuchi evil, the writer gives a reading of his positive ideal and wakes up to the new. Irony is actively criticized by Gogol as a way of: a) creating portrait painting; b) a description of the situation; c) revealing the light of the heroes; d) movnoї characteristics of characters. The pismennik putting oneself as a metaphor - “laughing hard” from the one that is “holy osmiyannya slanderous”, but Gogol’s laughter is capable of succumbing to suspility. Realization of the task of the poem "Dead Souls" to the world is supported by irony and the most important manifestation - sarcasm. VISNOVKI
List of related literature and Internet resources 1. V.G. Belinsky, Selected articles, M., 1975. 2. S.P. Bilokurova. Glossary of literary terms. St. Petersburg, 2012 . 3. Vinogradov I.A. Gogol Artist and Dumka: Christian Foundations of the Skygazer. M., 2000. 4. N.V. Gogol. Author's opinion. M., 2012. 5. Gogol in Russian criticism. M., 1953. 6. N.V. Gogol. Spiritual prose (selection). M., 2012. 7. N.V. Gogol. Dead souls. St. Petersburg, 2009. 8. A.M. Dokusov, M.G. Kachurin. Poema N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls" at the school's school. M., 1982.
List of related literature and Internet resources 9. Creative work of N.V. Gogol at the school. Edited by G.V. Samіylenka. Kiev, 1988. 10. Yu.V. Mann. Poetics of Gogol. M., 1996. 11. Yu.V. Mann "The Visible Crisis of Light Smikh.". Zhittya N.V. Gogol. 1809–1835 M., 1994. 12. Yu.V. Marantsman V.G. Pratsya reader. Type of spying literary creation before analysis. M., 1986. 13 . G.M. Pospelov. Creativity N.V. Gogol. Ministry of Education of the RRFSR. M., 1953. 14. N.L. Stepanov. N.V. Gogol. Creative way. M., 1959. 15. M.B. Khrapchenko. "Dead Souls" N.V. Gogol. Vidavnitstvo of the Academy of Sciences of the SRSR. M., 1952. 16. http://www.ngogol.ru/ 17. http://download9.proshkolu.ru/download/3129791/cce64c8c5e265b5f/39810846/b8dfe67b06ca9308 . eighteen . http://www.literaturus.ru (illustrations before you eat).
Satire is a special way of depicting the negative phenomena of life, vices and shortcomings of people. It can be more negatively portrayed by satirical works - to tell fortunes, for example, “Road from St. Petersburg to Moscow” by A. M. Radishchev, “Village” by A. Z. Pushkin, “Duma” by M. Yu. Lermontov and so on. But in a satirical work, vices are not only depicted and sued, but they are angry and sharply mocked. Smіkh is the head of satire, the host is straining. “Smіh,” wrote A. V. Lunacharsky, “foreseeing the most painful blows to the enemy, zmushu yogo, expend in your own strength and, at every time, rob in the eyes of evidence of the opponent’s obvious powerlessness. Sharply osmіyuyuchi, scourge of evil, satirist, cim gives chitachev's thoughts on his positive ideal, awakening the pull to that ideal. “Under the satire,” wrote U. R. Belinsky, “the next thing to understand is not the innocent sneer of cheerful dotepniks, but the grim grim, a threat to the spirit, depicted by the slander of the soul.”
Ale in life is such a sight, like calling out a good laugh, friendly jarring. We laugh, and we sing to the one with whom it is hot. This is humor, not evil, good-natured laughter. As a rule, humor is reached by a calm, objective discourse, a songful selection of facts, figurative features - epithets, metaphors, and similarities.
Irony is one of the types of humor. Tse is thin, a mockery is attached. The ironic sensation reaches, for example, overwhelmed by the suffocation of such vile things, which are the manifestations, which are the ones, which are really more likely to be condemned; The irony resounds in the magnificence itself of quiet malices, which in truth are absent from the one who is praised. One of the apples of irony is the author's characterization of Uncle Onegin: “Old, lightly right, not marveling in other books” (and do it all - “rocky forty from the housekeeper barking, marveling at that flies squeezing at the window”).
A sneer, a mockery, a way to take revenge on oneself and a little anger, hatred, is called sarcasm. "Satire," wrote Lunacharsky, "may be brought to the superhuman level of malice, as if to rob laughter with stinging, biting." Sarcastic laughter can be a little bit, for example, in Chatsky's monologues. Satirical ones can be verses, descriptions, sing, novels, and especially see satirical creations - a tale, a parody, an epigram, a feuilleton. We have a lot of comedy positions, and we have heroes who consume them not because of the author’s choice, but according to their authoritative nature.
The comical nature of the situation, based on the life of authenticity, is the peculiarity of the satirical creation.
Portrait of Manilov accompanied by author's ironic assessments: "wine by a prominent person" - but only "at a glance"; priemni risi disguise - ale "too late handed over to tsukr"; chuckling "quickly". White hair and black eyes complete the tedium to the malt. The language of the characters of the satirical work in a comic way expresses their character. Belinsky wrote that the heroes of Gogol “are not a guesser, stink funny for yoga tricks; sings suvoro virny they have action. To that, be it a person to speak and to a new middle of his own, to his character and tієї furnish, under the infusion of such a way to know.
funny if Manilov talks about the officials of the place like about the most beautiful and most worthy people, and Sobakevich calls the people themselves shahrai and Christ-sellers. It's funny, if Chichikov, trying to drink in the tone of Sobakevich, turns around, if he wants to please the assistant, but he doesn't go into it. It’s funny, if it’s a proof to the mind and erudition of the police chief Chichikov, it’s unreasonable: “We in the new one have played the prosecutor at once with the head of the chamber to the most important pivniv. Dear, dear people! At the same time, everything is organic for this character.
In the satire itself, the hyperbole (overbilling) nabula of the greatest breadth. Gogol widely sings with this reception, so that the ogid risi of the "lords of life" became clearer and more swollen.
Otzhe, accept the creation of a satirical canvas for yourself, what for a non-satirical work: life is the basis of the plot, portrait, inventory, dialogues (mova diyovih osib); these image-creating and virtuous works: epithets, metaphors, povnyannya, etc. Ale є іstotna vіdminnіst - s vykoristannya tsikh priyomіv і zasobіv, in a clearly expressed comic satirical creation.
Vikonuyuchi robot, to give respect to the special humor and satire of Gogol. How do you define the type of helpers?
