Presentation on the topic of the early revival science. Presentation "mystical renewal"
- History of the Middle Ages, Grade 6
- "Lovers of Wisdom" that revival of ancient decay.
- New vchennya about people.
- Vihovannya new people.
- The first of humanity.
- Mystery of the Early Renaissance.
- Why did Italy itself become a fatherland? new era- Epochs of Resurrection"
- Revival
- rosequit
- Italian
- locality
- Development of trade
- that craft
- Development at the localities
- enlighten
- Pragnennya city dwellers
- find out more
- Near the 14th century, in the rich places of Italy, people appeared who called themselves “lovers of wisdom”
- Renaissance, or Renaissance - an era in the history of European culture, which came to change the culture of the Middle Ages.
- "Lovers of wisdom" sang Latin and Greek language. They deciphered antique statues and manuscripts, rewrote and copied the creations of ancient literature.
- Humanism - light-gazer, from whom the idea of \u200b\u200bthe person as the greatest value is rebuked.
- The first humanist is called the Italian poet Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374), who, against the will of his father, dedicating his life to poetry and philosophy.
- Francesco Petrarca
- Yakos Petrarch sipped a young woman at the church. Vіn pokohav її once and loving all life. Vaughn died in the plague in 1348, but did not sing in return.
- Francesco and Laura
- Vіn not bv nі riches, nі knowledge, ale and papi, and the emperors listened for the sake of Petrarch and navit yogo suvori zakidi. In 1341, at the urochist ceremony in Rome, Petrarch was crowned with a laurel wreath and the title of king of poets.
- Let's learn that the successor of Petrarch was a writer of such teachings Giovanni Boccaccio(1313-1375). The best and most popular yoga tvir - "The Decameron", a book that consists of 300 short stories
- Giovanni Boccaccio
- Already from the early Renaissance in Europe, a rarity of mysticism has begun. Painting, sculpture and architecture Revived by the ideals of humanism.
- Palazzo Pitti
- The most outstanding painter of the early Renaissance is the Florentine Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
- Sandro Botticelli
- "Spring"
- "The People of Venus"
- Gra "cross-noughts"
- Paragraph 29, clause 5, 6 or 7 letters
- Antonenkova Anzhelika Viktorivna
- Teacher of history MOU Budinskaya ZOSh
- Tverska region
Center of Renaissance - Pivnich of Italy - the city of Florence.
The renaissance originated in the other half of the XV -XVI century.
Pіznіshe expanded to other European
lands.
During the period of the Renaissance, new genres of painting appeared, such as a portrait.
Vinyclo on the basis of humanism.Humanism having voted with the greatest value
people that її good. Humanities respected that
skin people may have the right to develop freely
like specialty, realizing their abilities.
Etapi
proto-renaissanceEarly Renaissance
High Renaissance
Pіznіshe Revival
proto-renaissance
LiteratureDante Alighieri.
"Divine Comedy"
Written in Italian
mine, not Latin.
(Latin - mova vchennosti).
painting
Giotto passing the volume
figure and light. technique
replacing the mosaics with a fresco.
(Fresco - painting in Syria
plasterers).
Early Renaissance
architectureFilippo Brunelleschi - founder
renaissance architecture, one of
creators of the theory of scientific perspective
After a new head rice in architecture
mayzhe of all churches in Europe becoming the central
dome. Without Brunelleschi's dome, there would be no b
the head work of Michelangelo - baths
over St. Peter's Basilica near Rome.
Brunelleschi on the cob
domed temple on the basis of the ancient
orders.
The order is a world system. architecture
Creation of a new type
Moscow's palaces -
palazzo,
served
eye for
community life
late hour. Sculpture
Donatello -
the greatest sculptor
XV Art. First zі
hours of the Roman
having created an empire
sculpture
naked
human bodyі
pershu kinnu statue
condottiere
Gattamelati. painting
Sandro Botticelli
Buv close to the court of the Medici
humanistic stakes of Florence.
Create on religion
mythological themes identified
spiritualized poetry, thunder
linear rhythms, subtle coloring.
Under the influx of social shocks
1490s Botticelli's art
becomes intensely dramatic.
High Renaissance painting
Leonardo Da VinciUniversal Genius of the Age of Resurrection
"La Gioconda"
"Mystery Supper" Raphael
Master Madonna. Having created a picture
"Sistine Madonna"
Fresco "School of Athens". Michelangelo
Vvazhav sculpture head mystetstvom.
Having painted the stele and vіvtarnu
wall of Sikstinskaya
drops. (Rome. Vatican).
Designing the dome of St. Peter's Basilica
in Rome.
Giorgione Titian
Pіznіshe Revival
In the other half of the 16th century in Italy, growththe fall of the economy and trade, Catholicism
joining the fight for a humanistic culture,
experienced a deep crisis that mysticism.
Mannerism is a flow in Western Europe
art of the other half of the XVI century. Bouv
in its own transitional style
the art of the Renaissance and the Baroque.
Pivnichne Revival
UkraineNіmechchina;
the Netherlands;
France;
England;
Spain New genres of painting are emerging: landscape,
portrait, post-production paintings. Netherlands
Jan Van Eyck -
having perfected the technique
olіynogo painting, yak
changed the temp. Tempera -
farbami painting,
happy speech of those
serve emulsion: natural
(healthy egg, sik roslin)
or pieces (water
rozchin glue with oil).
Ghent vіvtar is folded
three parts - a triptych. Pieter Brueghel the Elder (Muzhitsky).
"Sleep". Nіmechchina
Durer - first s
artists in Pivnichny
renewal of mastering the technique
engraving on midi.
Engaged in drokovany
graphics.
Italy end of the 13th century - 16 Art.
Slide 2: Period of development of the epoch of Renaissance
Rebirth before. 13 - 14 Art. Early Renaissance 15th century. Vysoka Resurrection k. 15 - 16 st. Pіznіshe Revival k. 16 tbsp.
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k. 13-14 st. Early Proto-Renaissance Trecento
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Giotto "The Kiss of Judy" "The Lamentation" Link to the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore
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Mystery of the Early Renaissance of the 15th century Botticelli "Spring" "Nativity of Venus" "Venus and Mars" "Annunciation" "Abandoned"
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The Early Renaissance of the 15th century Donatello "David" "Condot'er Gattamelata"
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The High Renaissance of the 16th century Leonardo da Vinci Madonna Benois Madonna Litta La Gioconda Lady with an Ermine Self-portrait (etching)
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The High Renaissance of the 16th century Raphael "Madonna Conestabile" "Beautiful Gardener" "Sikstinskaya Madonna" "Zaruchini Mary"
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Church of the High Renaissance of the 16th century Michelangelo David P'eta Painting of the Sistine Chapel Stele (frescoes) Dome of the Cathedral of St. Petra at Rome
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Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian painter, sculptor, architect, and engineer. The founder of the artistic culture of the High Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci was called a master, having studied in 1467-1472 in Florence with A. del Verrocchio. Methodi roboti at the maisterna Verrocchio, de artistic practice owing to technical experiments, and close ties with the astronomer P. Toscanelli took the birth of the scientific interests of the young Leonardo da Vinci. In early works (the head of an angel in Verrocchio's "Christening", after 1470, "Annunciation", about 1474, - offense in the Uffizi; that is the name of "Madonna Benois", about 1478, the Imperial Hermitage, St. Petersburg) the artist, developing the traditions of Early Mystery Revitalizing, giving a smooth volume of forms to the soft lightness, sometimes chewing the ice with a perceptible smile, striving for the additional transfer of subtle mental states. Fixing the results of inconspicuous warnings in sketches, sketches and outdoor studios, different technologies(Italian and silver olive, sanguine, feather and ing.), Leonardo da Vinci dominating, indulging in some caricature grotesque, gostroty at the transmission of facial expressions, and physical features and the movement of the human body, bringing about an ideal appearance from the spiritual atmosphere of the composition.
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In 1481 or 1482, Leonardo da Vinci joined the service before the ruler of Milan, Lodoviko Moro, wearing the shoes of a military engineer, hydrotechnician, organizer of the court saints. Over 10 years of wines were worked over the monument of Francesco Sforza, father of Lodoviko Moro (the earthenware model of the monument in full size was destroyed during the capture of Milan by the French in 1500). In the Milan period, Leonardo da Vinci created "Madonna in the Skeletons" (1483-1494, Louvre, Paris; 2nd version - around 1497-1511, National Gallery, London), de characters are presented in a sharply chimeric skeletal landscape, and the knight is light ( sfumato) plays the role of a spiritually happy cob, which reinforces the warmth of human spirits. At the refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazia vin Vicon, the mural painting “The Last Supper” (1495-1497; through the peculiarity of Leonardo da Vinci’s technique - oliya with tempera - was preserved by a very ear-shaped look; at the XX century the peak of painting was restored), the banner of ; її high ethical and spiritual zmіst is expressed in the mathematical regularity of the composition, which logically continues the real architectural expanse, in a clear, strictly divided system of gestures and facial expressions of the characters, in the harmonious balance of forms. Taking care of architecture, Leonardo da Vinci worked out various options for the "ideal" place and projects of the central-domed church, which they inserted into the modern architecture of Italy.
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After the fall of Milan, the life of Leonardo da Vinci passed without interruption (1500-1502, 1503-1506, 1507 - Florence; 1500 - Mantua and Venice; 1506, 1507-1513 - Milan; The Battle of Anghiari (1503-1506, not completed, available for copies on cardboard) is worth more than a century for the European battle genre of the new hour. Vіn Vt_livnoshniya ідал віной ї жіночності ідоткой ворівості толовості толововие горівості истья кольевим сенента колестові от тана комольной сегольный сайзать с и латна таника демовей денародо yes Vіnchі DIVERSION PAMODARE MARSHALU TRIVULTSIO (1508-1512), Vіvtarnaya Image compositions, and “John the Baptist” (circa 1513-1517, the Louvre, Paris), where the licorice ambiguity of the image is a reminder of the growing crisis moments in the artist’s work. cycle z “The Flood”, Italian olive, pen, circa 1514-1516, Royal Library, Windsor) think about the worthlessness of a person before the power of the elements to unite with rationalistic statements about the cyclic nature of natural processes. Having looked at Leonardo da Vinci and his notes and manuscripts (about 7 thousand arches), the sketches of some of them went up to the “Treatise of Painting”, the compositions after the death of Master Yogo, we learned F. Melzi and made a great contribution to the European theoretical thought.
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The “super sciences” of Leonardo da Vinci first introduced painting, roaming yoga as a universal mov (similar to mathematics in the field of sciences), building realizing all the rіznomanіtnі show a sensible cob of nature. How vcheniy that engineer vіn zbagativ mayzhe all the galluses of science of that hour. Yaskraviy is a representative of the new Leonardo da Vinci, founded on the experiment of natural science, especially respect for adding mechanics, bachachi in it the head key to the mystery of light; These ingenious constructive allowances have advanced ahead of the current era (projects of rolling mills, earth-moving machines, underwater chovn, and lethal equipment). Taking care of him over the influx of seers and the sounds of seers of the middle on the preparation of objects was brought to the hardening of the science of the High Renaissance of scientifically grounded principles of a new perspective. Watching the eye, Leonardo da Vinci spoke the correct assumption about the nature of the binocular lens. In the anatomical little vines, laying the foundations of modern scientific illustration, also engaging in botany and biology. A non-scientific scientist-experimenter and a brilliant artist Leonardo da Vinci became a symbol of the epoch of Renaissance.
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Raphael (Vlasne Raffaello Santi abo Sanzio, Raffaello Santi, Sanzio) (1483-1520), Italian painter and architect. In his creativity, with the greatest clarity, the humanistic manifestations of the High Renaissance about the beautiful and thorough people, as if they live in harmony with the world, are characteristic of the era, and the ideals of vital beauty. Raphael, painter's son Giovanni Santi, early rocky in Urbino, in 1500-1504 he started at Perugino in Perugia. Create this period marked by subtle poetry and soft lyricism of landscape backgrounds ("The Dream of the Face", National Gallery, London; "Three Graces", Condé Museum, Chantilly; "Madonna Conestabile", State Hermitage, St. Petersburg; all - around 1500 -1502) ). Close to the compositional and spacious solutions, Perugino's fresco "Transferring the Keys to St. Peter" in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican, Raphael's image "Mary's Hands" (1504, Brera Gallery, Milan). From 1504, Raphael worked in Florence, where he got to know the work of Leonardo da Vinci and Fra Bartolommeo, and studied anatomy and scientific perspectives. Numerous images of Madonnas created by him in Florence ("Madonna of the Granduca", 1505, Galleria Petty, Florence; "Madonna of Missing Christ and St. John the Baptist" or "Beautiful Garden", 1507, Louvre, Paris; "Madonna with a Schiglikom") to the artist all-Taliese glory .
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In 1508, Raphael, having taken the view of Pope Julius II of the request to Rome, de vin began to get to know the ancient monuments more closely, taking the fate of archaeological excavations. Vikonuyuchi papi, Raphael having painted the bays (stations) of the Vatican, which embrace the ideals of freedom, that earthly happiness of the people, the serenity of physical and spiritual possibilities. Architectural backgrounds, which innovatively developed the trends of contemporary Raphael's Italian architecture, play a great role in the balance of calm grandeur, harmonically stringed composition of paintings. At the Stanci della Senyatura (1509-1511) the artist presented the headstones in the yogo era of Galusian spiritual activity: theology (Disputation), philosophy (Athenian school), poetry (Parnassus), jurisprudence (Wisdom, Peace, Strength)), as well as jurisprudence the main compositions are allegorical, biblical and mythological scenes on the plafond. At the Stanci d "Eliodoro with frescoes on legendary and historical subjects ("Eliodor's Haunt", "Zustrich Papi Leo I with Atilla", "Mesa in Bolsena", "The Apostle's Ringing"
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Peter from the dungeons”), Raphael’s gift as a master of light and harmony, soft and light color was manifested with special power. The growing dramatism in these frescoes evokes theatrical pathos in the paintings of the Stanza del Incendio (1514-1517), like Raphael vykonuvav together with numerous pomіchniki and teachers. To the Vatican frescoes, close to the cardboard of Raphael to a series of trellises for embellishing the walls of the Sistine Chapel (1515-1516, Italian olive, penzle painting, Museum of Victoria and Albert, London and other selections). The fresco "The Triumph of Galatia" in the Villa Farnesina in Rome (1514) was adopted by the spirit of ancient classics and the cult of sensitive beauty. Rome has the gleaming talent of Raphael as a portrait painter ("Portrait of a Cardinal", circa 1512, Prado, Madrid; "Woman in White" or "Donna Velata", circa 1513, Palatina Gallery, Florence; portrait of B. Castiglione, 1515, Louvre, Paris, that in). In the “Madonnas” of Raphael of the Roman period, the idyllic mood of his early works is changed by the deepest human, maternal feelings (“Madonna Alba”, circa 1510-1511, National Gallery, Washington; “Madonna di Foligno”, circa 1511-15) as if it were pure virtue of that spiritual purity, the intercessor of people speaks Mary in himself famous creator Raphael - "Sikstinskaya Madonna" (1515-1519, Art Gallery, Dresden).
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AT stay rocky Raphael’s life was filled with permutations with intrigues that, having trusted the clergy to their teachers and assistants (Giulio Romano, J.F. Penny and others), ring out between the wild guards over the robots. Usich robots (frescoes "Lodzhіya Psyche region Vіli Farnesіna", 1514-1518; frescoes І Lіpnina in Lodzhіy Vaticanu, 1519; non-discretion of the Vіtrtarnaya Image "Transfiguration", 1519-1520, Vinikaska Pіnakotek) Vinyatkovaya Valika for the product іtalіyskoy architecture Mala Dyalnіst Rafiel Yak Archіterator , scho є nibi happily between the creativity of Bramante and Palladio. After the death of Bramante, Raphael finished the building of the head architect of St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome (making a new plan for the cathedral, laying the basis for the architectural type of the basilica), and also having made the door of the Vatican with loggias, having been painted by Bramante. In the middle of Raphael's other days: round in plan, the church of Sant'Eligio dell'Orefichi (was built in 1509) and the Chigi Chapel of the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo (1512-1520) near Rome, the large Palazzo Vidoni-Caffarelli (from 15 z 152O) near Florence. The author's idea of Raphael was often created near the Roman villa Madama (since 1517; architect A. de Sangallo the Younger continued life), organically connected with the nautical gardens and the terraced park. The art of Raphael, which blew a majestic influx into European painting of the 16th-19th century, often, the 20th century, for the protracted century, saved for artists that glyadachiv the meaning of an unobstructed artistic authority that srazka.
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Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564), Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet. In Michelangelo's art, with majestic vibrancy, they insinuated themselves like deep people, similar to the heroic pathos of the ideals of the High Renaissance, and tragically visible crises of humanistic light, characteristic of the Renaissance era. Michelangelo learned from Florence in the master's work of D. Girlandaio (1488-1489) and from the sculptor Bertoldo di Giovanni (1489-1490), the prototype of the initial significance for the creative development of Michelangelo was little knowledge of the robots of Giotto, Donatello, Masaccio, Jacopo Antica. Already in youthful creations (reliefs "Madonna of the gathering", "Battle of the Centaurs", around 1490-1492, Casa Buonarroti, Florence, obidva - marmur, like and all the wonders of the sculptural robots of Michelangelo), the main figures of the sculptor's creativity, the drama of reverence for human beauty. Examples of the 1490s near Rome, Michelangelo saw Danina buried with antique sculpture near the statue of "Bacchus" (1496-1497, National Museum, Florence); a new humanistic imagery, a sharp reversal of images of wines in the traditional Gothic scheme of the “Lamentation of Christ” group (circa 1497-1498, St. Peter's Cathedral, Rome).
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In 1501, Michelangelo turned to Florence, de creating a colossal statue of "David" (1501-1504, Gallery of the Academy, Florence), which inspired a heroic spirit and a huge star of the Florentines, which threw off the yoke of tyranny of the Medici. At the cardboard for painting of the Palazzo Vecchio "Battle of Kashin" (1504-1504, copies were saved), it was obvious that the citizens were ready to defend the republic. In 1505, Pope Julius II requested Michelangelo to Rome and entrusted him with the creation of a wet tomb. For the tomb of Julius II, completed only in 1545 (Church of San P'etro in Vincoli in Rome), Michelangelo created a number of statues, including those endowed with a mighty will, titanic strength and temperament of "Moses" (1515-1516), victorious tragedy ” that “Rebel slave” (1513-1516, Louvre, Paris), as well as 4 unfinished posts of slaves (1532-1534), in which one can clearly see the process of the sculptor’s work, which boldly plunges into a stone block in some places and fills another place Mayzhe unshaven. At Malunnichy Cycle, Viconan Mіkelandgelo on the Sicstinsko Drops from Vaticani (1508-1512; Include Scenic of Book Book in Central Speeds of Plafon, Monumentalnі Fіguri Prophev І Sivіll on the bіchny parts Sword, Sobrynia Prekvіv, Ta Bіbleinі Episodi in the breakdown, artist URAIVES, EASY COMMUNICED SNOW SHIP GIMN FRIZIKA SPRIENCE YAK GIMN FRIZIKOVYA SUCH SUCH CREATINGS, YAK APPLICATION OF SUCH SUCH CREATING COOLS OF GOD AND WATCHED WATCH WATCH DIFFERENCE LOVERNES the little one of that composition, transcended in the barvy gamut of muted viscous colors.
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In 1516-1534, Michelangelo was again alive in Florence, working on the project for the facade of the Church of San Lorenzo and the architectural and sculptural ensemble of the tombs of the Medici family at the New Sacristy of the Church (1520-1534), as well as on the sculptures for the tomb of Pope Julius II. The light of Michelangelo in the 1520s takes on a tragic character. Profound pessimism, which sighed in the face of death in Italy's political and social freedoms, the crisis of Renaissance humanism, entered into a figurative way of the sculptures of the tombs of the Medici - at the grave thought and aimless Russia, the portraits of the statues of the Dukes of Lorenzo and Juli, "Nechi", "Vechi", "Vechi", Ranok” and “Day” and especialize the irreversibility of breaking the hour. In 1534 Michelangelo's brothers moved again to Rome, where they passed the rest of 30 years of his life. The maister's fiery creations oppose the tragic power of images (the fresco “The Last Judgment” on the vault wall of the Sistine Chapel near the Vatican, 1536-1541), permeated with bitter thoughts about the marnist nature of human life, about the pain of hopelessness. , 1542-1550). Until the rest of the sculptural works of Michelangelo, they are remembered for the tragic expression of the artistic movement “P'eta” for the Florentine Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore (until 1550-1555; 1564, Museum of Ancient Art, Milan), recognized by him for his gravestone and completed.
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Michelangelo's creative work is characterized by step-by-step transitions to painting and sculpture, to the beginning to architecture and poetry. Inspire Michelangelo to be inspired by plasticity, internal dynamism and tension of the mass; a great role in them is played by the relief design of the wall, the active light organization on the surface behind the help of high pilasters, the support of the cornices, the only door portals. Even in the rest of the Florentine period of wines, having developed the project and cherubing the everyday life of the Laurentian library (1523-1534), having created a striking ensemble, including the dynamic space of the vestibule with the gatherings and the calm, strict interior of the reading room. Z 1546 Michelangelo cherubov near Rome the buildings of St. Peter's Cathedral and the everyday ensemble of the Capitol Square (offended by the work were completed after his death). The trapezium is similar to the Capitol Square with the ancient film monument of Emperor Marcus Aurelius in the center, the first Renaissance local ensemble, victorious according to the idea of one artist, zamaketsya with the palace of the Conservatives, flanked by two symmetrically placed palaces on the sides and vіdkrivasto. At the plan of the Cathedral of St. Peter by Michelangelo, developing the ideas of Bramante and saving the idea of centricity, having strengthened the meaning of the middle space in the inner space. During the life of Michelangelo, a similar part of the cathedral was built with the foundations of a grandiose bathhouse, built in 1586-1593 by the architect M.Giacomo della Porta, having slightly changed the proportions. Deep thoughts and lofty tragedy marked the lyrics of Michelangelo. In yoga madrigals and love sonnets, they interpret love as calmly pranayama people to the beauty of that harmony, cast on the artist’s self-sufficiency in the fortune teller of the world to judge from the harsh humanist’s roses before triumphant violence. The creativity of Michelangelo, as it became a brilliant final stage of the Italian Renaissance, played a great role in the development European art, richly in what prepared the formation of mannerism, even vplunging to the folding principles of the baroque.
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Botticelli (Botticelli) Sandro [Vlasne Alesandro di Mariano Filipepi, Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi] (1445-1510), Italian painter of the Early Renaissance era. Lying down to the Florentine school, around 1465-1466 he studied with Filippo Lippi; in 1481–1482 he worked at Rome. The early robots of Botticelli's power were clear in space, light in light, interested in butt details ("Adoration of the Magi", close to 1476-1471, Uffici). W kіntsya 1470 rokіv, pіslya zblizhennya Bottіchellі s yard pravitelіv Florentsії Medіchі i stake florentіyskih gumanіstіv have Yogo tvorchostі posilyuyutsya RISS aristocracy i vitonchenostі, z'yavlyayutsya paintings on antichnі that alegorichnі those in yakih chuttєvі yazichnitskі way lіrichnoyu oduhotvorenіstyu ( "Spring" , about 1477-1478, "The Nation of Venus", about 1483-1484, - insults in the Uffici).
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The spirituality of the landscape, the trendy beauty of the figures, the musicality of the light, quivering lines, the transparency of the embroidered, well-woven reflexive farbs create an atmosphere of serenity and light confusion in them. In the 1481–1482 frescoes of the vicons Botticelli at the Sistine Chapel near the Vatican (“Scenes from the Life of Moses”, “The Punishment of Korea, Dathan and Avirona”, etc.) there is great harmony with the landscape, that ancient architecture combines with internal plot tension, subtle order, nuances in the inner state of the human soul, and in the easel portraits of the master (portrait of Giuliano Medici, 1470s, Carrara Academy, Bergamo). In the 1490s, in the era of social fords that shook Florence and the mystical-ascetic sermons of Savonaroli, in the works of Botticelli there are notes of drama and religious exaltation (“Slander”, after 1495, Uffiogo, Divine Comedy” Dante (1492–1497, Engraving Cabinet, Berlin, that Vatican Library) with the severity of emotional vibrancy preserve the lightness of the line and the Renaissance clarity of images.
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Donatello (Donatello; vlasne Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi, Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi) (circa 1386-1466), Italian sculptor of the Early Renaissance era. In 1404-1407 he started with the master L. Hibert. Pratsyuvav head rank at Florence, and also at Sієnі (1423-1434 m 1457-1461), Rome (1430-1433), Padua (1444-1453), in 1451 with Manta, Venice, Ferrara. One of the first in Italy, Donatello creatively comprehended the antique plasticity and came to the creation of classical forms and types of Renaissance sculpture - a statue, a wall gravestone, a cinema monument, a "painting" relief. The creativity of Donatello was inspired by the power of the mysticism. Revival of the search for new ideas of expression, a deep interest in reality in all kinds of different and specific manifestations, exaltation to the present recognition of that heroic idealization. The early work of maistra (statues of the prophets for the marble portal of the Florentine Cathedral, 1406–1408) is more marked by the gothic simplicity of forms, detailed by the shot-like linear rhythm. Prote already the statue of St. Mark for the facade of the Church of Orsanmikele near Florence (Marmur, 1411-1413) is reminiscent of the clear tectonics of plastic masses, the strength of that calm grandeur.
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Renaissance ideal of a warrior-hero instilled in the image of St. George and the Church (Marmur, circa 1416, National Museum, Florence). Own gallery of state-built individual portrait images and statues of prophets for the campaign of the Florentine Cathedral (Marmur, 1416–1435, Museum of the Cathedral, Florence). At the "Picture" reliefs ("The Bench of Herod" on the bronze baptismal font of the Sienna Baptistery, 1423-1427; the reliefs of the Old Sacristy Church of San Lorenzo near Florence, 1434-1443) linear perspective, accurate delineation of plans and stepwise lowering of the image height. Donatello, like the tombstone of Baldassare Kosh (antipope John XXIII; together with the architect Michelozzo di Bartolommeo, marmur, bronze, 1425–1427, in the form of a frame, vіvtar “Blagovishchennia” (so-called vіvtar Kavіshchennya) is designated to Renaissance influences of ancient forms; , around 1428–1433, the church of Santa Croce, Florence) with a beautiful antiquity decor, singing the tribune of the Florentine Cathedral, Florence) with a life-radius round dance of the way, what to have fun,
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Remaining slide of the presentation: The Art of Revival
the statue of David (bronze, 1430s, National Museum, Florence) is the first depiction of a naked human body near the statuary sculpture of Renaissance. Pratsyyuyuchi in Padua, Donatello created the first svіtsky monument of the Renaissance era - the monument to the condottiere Gattamelata (bronze, marmur, vapnyak, 1447-1453) and the great sculptural vіvtar for the church of Sant'Antonio (1446-1450), embellishments with reliefs. space. Signs, vicons near Florence, Donatello's creations are expressively etched, marked with rice of spiritual breakdown (group “Judif and Holofernes”, bronze, around 1456–1457, Piazza Signoria; reliefs of the pulpits of the Church of San Lorenzo, bronze, 1460- Donatello’s embedding of the Renaissance in the rose Italy was majestic, it was reached by many artists and sculptors - P. Uccello, A. del Castagno, Mantegna, Michelangelo and Raphael.
Epoch of Renaissance (Renaissance) - a period of cultural and ideological
development of the countries of Europe. All the lands of Europe passed through
period, ale for the skin edge through the unevenness of the socio-economic development to establish their own historical framework
Revival.
Revival of viniclo in Italy, de first signs were remembered
more in the XIII and XIV centuries (at the activity of the Pisano, Giotto,
Orkani and ing.), but it was firmly established only from the 20s of the XV
centurion. In France, Germany, and other lands, the ruh rose
means worse. Until the end of the XV century, it reached its greatest
requisition.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
The current meaning of the term is French19th century historian Jules Michelet. In this hour of the term
The renaissance turned into a metaphor for cultural revival:
for example, the Carolingian Renaissance of the IX century.
The term "Revival" began to stagnate in the 16th century. Yogo live
Italian artist J. Vasari, the period was characterized,
as the activity of Italian artists, as opposed to
aesthetic antique ideal of the middle gothic.
Renaissance, or Renaissance (French Renaissance, Italian Rinascimento)
- The era in the history of culture in Europe, which came to change culture
Serednovichchya and scho before the culture of the new hour.
Zrazkovі chronological framework of the epoch of the XIV-XVI centuries.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
The culture of the Renaissance reached its own development in Italy, whichthe earth was full of great remains of ancient
architecture and art. Ale, on the vіdmіnu vіd antique
Greece, de mind, that life of people was respected
ignorant of the great mysticism, in the era of the Renaissance
in the works of painting, that sculpture hardened
the beauty of earthly life will be pobuted at that hour.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
The basis of the culture of Renaissance is the principle of humanism,approval of the beauty and beauty of a real person,
yoga of mind and will, yoga of creative forces.
Zvіlnennya vіd church scholasticism and dogma
took the rise of science. Sprague is creepy
knowledge of the real world, that slaughtered by him led to
in the arts of the most intriguing parties
really and brought out the great pathos
the most significant vitvors of artists.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Epoch Rice RevivalRevival from the middle class:
1. secular nature of culture;
2. anthropocentrism (interest in
people and її activity).
Shows interest in antique
culture, feel like її
"Revival" - so i appeared
term.
Madonna of pomegranate. S. Botticelli, bl. 1490
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Italy - the first capitalist country in Europethe feudal system in the country, viz. roztashuvannyu won
the first time you perform on the way of international vents.
In the XI-XIII centuries - communal revolutions took place in the country,
in the wake of some rich mist nabuli self-reliance that
established a republican form of government.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
At this hour, the national literature of Italy is bornmine.
In the image-creating art of the guild, the craftsmanship is replaced
individual creativity.
At that hour, if in other lands Western Europe take
development of the gothic style in Italy
to whom a new yakist is to be avenged:
early to antiquity, but with whom it grew on
romantic traditions, Byzantine painting, Gothic.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
REODIZATION OF THE MYSTERY OF THE GENERATION AGE:IN ITALY:
1. Proto-renaissance (rebirth) - II half. XIII century;
2. Early Renaissance (tricento and quattrocento) - from 1420-1500
rock;
3. High Renaissance (cinquecento) - from 1500-1580 to the year,
rozkvit mystetstva;
4. Piznіy Renaissance - XVI century. - first half of the 17th century;
5. Baroque - XVI-XVII cent.
PIVNICHNE REVIVAL (Netherlands)
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
See everything figurative artnow so chi іnakshe destroy
monolithic middle class synthesis
(de panuvala architecture),
connoisseurs equally
independence.
See the figurative art:
1. Painting;
2. Architecture;
3. Sculpture;
4. DPI;
5. Graphics (Drukar woodcut
that metal).
Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence. perlina renaissance
architecture
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Style in the imagemysticism:
"Renaissance Realism"
Art is adopted by ideals
humanism (from the Latin humanus -
"human"), techії suspіlnoї
thoughts that originated in the XIV century. in
Italy, and then draw another
half of the 15th and 16th centuries
expanded in other European
lands.
Humanism idealizes and magnifies
people who lift yoga over river
everydayness). Artists of the early
rebirth shukali support in antiquity that
proto-renaissian traditions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Head of the figurative art of the Renaissance epoch:The art as a whole jumped to rationalism - “inherit nature”,
but with whom they did not forget about beauty.
Mysticism consumes the sense, as if it were to dilute the aesthetic property.
PAINTERS
Proto-Renaissance:High regeneration:
1.
2.
Nicolo Pisano (1220/25-1278/84);
Giovanni Pisano (1245-1320);
1.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519);
3.
Giotto di Bondone (1266/1267 -1337)
pp.);
2.
Raphael Santi (1483-1520);
3.
Michelangelo Buonarotti (1475-1564).
4.
P'etro Cavallini.
Early rebirth:
Late renewal:
1.
Donatello (bl. 1386 -1466);
1.
Paolo Verenese (1528–1588);
2.
Mosaccio (1401–1428);
2.
Jacopo Tintoretto (1518-1594);
3.
Philippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446);
3.
4.
Larenzo Ghiberti;
Michelangelo and Caravaggio (1573-1610).
5.
Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510);
6.
Michelozzo and Bartolommeo;
7.
Domenico Veniziano.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
FEATURESOF THE IMAGE-CREATING ARTISTRY:
1. the basis of the style of the Renaissance to lie
pragnennya calm, vrіvnovazhenim
proportions within the Suvoro linear
compositions;
2. conveying the perspective of the composition
(Technical zasib organization
space on the flat);
3. stop optical effect: light
the flame is coming closer, the darker is farther away;
4. Winning in the painting of the elements
landscape and interior;
5. stosuvannya line to the horizon on
natural rіven;
6. stosuvannya different compositions
priyomіv pobudovi compositions (symmetry,
asymmetry).
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IMAGEMYSTERY:
1.
enter the composition real
space, real objects, figures
people (stink of volume, material for the
light modeling);
2.
view of a typical image of figures
(Serednyovіchchya), in the form of intelligence of gestures and
mimics, in the form of flat rozvyazannya;
3.
transmission of the correct prompt figures
(Proportions of the human body);
4.
the transfer of spiritual will become heroes, through
color and strokes;
5.
zagalnenіst and monumental forms.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Love at Kanya. Paolo Verenese. 1562-1563 pp. Louvre, ParisCHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
In architecture:1.
the symmetry is stagnant
proportions;
2.
ordered
restocking of warehouses
part, column, pilaster;
3.
to change asymmetric
outline to come
round arches, domes,
nishi, edikuly, what to think
napіvsferichnu shape;
4.
created new systems
facade improvement
wake-up call;
5.
new constructive
system.
Sant'Agostino, Rome, Giacomo P'etrasanta, 1483
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Biggest releaseRenaissance architecture
experienced in Italy, having lost the last
two places-monuments:
Florence and Venice.
Venice. Italy
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Above the creations, the budvels worked greatarchitects:
1. Filippo Brunelleschi;
2. Leon Battist Alberti;
3. Donato Bramante;
4. Giorgio Vasari and many others.
Architecture Renaissance in England and the Netherlands
Signory - a masterpiece of Italian architecture of the Renaissance era
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RENAISSANCE
At the sculpture, antiques are revivingtraditions, naked body is shown,
creation of new classical forms
see renaissance sculpture:
1. new type of round statue
sculptural group;
2. new type of pictorial relief;
3. solved the problem of durability
figure staging;
4. transferred the organic integrity of the body,
yoga heaviness, masa ta in.
David. Michelangelo
COSTUME RENAISSANCE
Clothes of the Age of Resurrection become biggerhandy, more harmonious, like bi hanging
harmony of the inner and outer in people.
RENAISSANCE ORNAMENT
Among the ornaments, the meaning is especially importantthe role is grotesque.
The artists of the Italian Renaissance turned back
to the fall of ancient Rome.
Under the hour of excavation of the thermal baths of Titus revealed
unfamiliar view of the Roman pictorial
ornament, which was called the Italian "la
grottesca" - grotesque after the word "grottf", tobto grotto,
underground. Knowledge of the ornament, striking its own
overhead, chimeric and wild thunder
human, creatures that grow
forms, freedom and lightness of art
fantasy.
RENAISSANCE FURNITURE
Starting from the XV century.more and more at home
fill up with ale furniture
there are no more
100 changes
anti-Gothic.
Transfer screen-screen s
facade, decorate
plinth with pilasters
cornice.
Step by step
half of the 15th century furniture
start embellishing
details characteristic
for architecture style
Renaissance. Batkivshchyna style
Renaissance Bula Italy, de
strongly developed
furniture virobnitstvo.
RENAISSANCE FURNITURE
It is great to begingive a profile
furniture Have a screen, sho mali
the shape of a rectangular screen,
are accurate,
the walls are melting
bent and twisted
embroidered with gilding
painted, zastosuetsya that
intarsia - wood
inlay. At the painting
furniture to take part
great artists.
RENAISSANCE FURNITURE
Largest extended typesfurnishing a screen (kasony) shop with a back and armrests in
looking at two screens (kassapanka),
stіltsі two types - on chotyroh nizhkah
and on two cut boards
eight-sided seats, lizhka
- low, without a canopy, with ribs
stovpchikami on kutakh.
The 16th century has new eyes
furnishings: office desks, soft furnishings
armchairs. Vijskov car. Engineering controversy. Project. Leonardo Da Vinci Car. Engineering controversy. Project. Leonardo Da Vinci Great bow. Engineering controversy. Project. Leonardo Da Vinci Lethal device. Engineering controversy. Project. Leonardo Da Vinci
1
renaissance
2
Revival - the era of the development of culture in the lands of Western Europe 15-16 centuries. In its classical form, the Renaissance culture developed in the places of Pivnichnaya and Middle Italy. The epoch of the Renaissance is characterized by a renewed interest in literature, art, philosophy Ancient Greece that Rome. Real light And people voted with the greatest value: People - the world of all speeches. The aesthetic ideal of the Age of Resurrection was shaped by the development of a new light-gazer - humanism (the essence of value human specialty). The role of creative specialty grew especially.
3
Epoch of Renaissance
Italian Renaissance 1. Proto-Renaissance (12th-13th century) 2. Early Renaissance (15th century) 3. High Renaissance (late 15-16th century) 4. Late Renaissance (Tuesday 16th century) Pivnichne Renaissance
4
proto-renaissance
The Proto-Renaissance is a period in the history of Italian art, which hovers around the 13th and 14th centuries, is characterized by the growth of secular realist tendencies and ancient times to ancient traditions. Jott. Fresco "The Kiss of Judy"
5
The era of radio observation of the world. Center-Florence. Architect Filippo Brunelleschi. The idea of an "ideal place" opened up to space.
6
Early Renaissance (15th Quattrocento)
Donatello "David"
Masaccio "Vignannia from Paradise"
7
High Renaissance of Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian painter, sculptor, architect, and engineer. The founder of the artistic culture of the High Renaissance. The artist, developing the traditions of the art of the Early Renaissance, giving the smooth volume of forms to the soft lightness, sometimes shaking the guise of a glimpse of a catchy smile, seeking help for the transfer of subtle spiritual states. Leonardo da Vinci made the gesture of transferring the facial expressions of the individual, and the physical features and the movement of the human body, bringing the ideal appearance from the spiritual atmosphere of the composition.
8
"Lady with Ermine"
"Madonna in the Skeletons" "Madonna Litta"
9
Leonardo da Vinci "The Last Supper"
10
High Renaissance Raphael
Raphael (1483-1520), Italian painter and architect. In his creativity, with the greatest clarity, the humanistic manifestations of the High Renaissance about the beautiful and thorough people, as if they live in harmony with the world, are characteristic of the era, and the ideals of vital beauty.
11
Madonna of Conestabilize
Sistine Madonna
12
High Renaissance of Michelangelo Buonarroti
On the stars of the Sistine Chapel at the Vatican, the artist, having created a grandiose, urochist, can easily grasp the composition as a whole and in detail, which is accepted as a hymn of physical and spiritual beauty, as an affirmation of the immeasurable creative possibilities of God that was created for the likeness of a human being
13
"David" "P'eta"
14
Pіznіshe Revival (Venice, 16th century)
Giorgione "Sleeping Venus" Titian "Venus Urbіnska"
15
Pivnichne Revival
A. Durer. Self-portrait at 13 Rocks
Engraving "Chotiri leaders" from the cycle "Apocalypse"
